Lesson 1: SOCIOLOGY What is Sociology? Lesson 1: SOCIOLOGY What is Sociology?
content 1. theoretical background: dynamics in the city 2. basics: architectural sociology and...
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content
1. theoretical background: dynamics in the city2. basics: architectural sociology and adverting psychology3. physical place analysis: reeperbahn, hamburg
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theoretical background: dynamics in the city
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pedestrian dynamics in public space
• observations in pedestrian volumes
different collective phenomena
• empirical studies of pedestrians for over four decades
• observations, photographs and time-lapse studies
development of various concepts
recognize different regularities
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regularities of pedestrian dynamics
• aversion against detours
• fastest path is preferred the shorter ones
• effort to reach the destination will usually be minimized
• comfortable walking speed (but depends on the situation, age, gender, time of day, surroundings)
• distance to other pedestrians and boundaries (reducing by pedestrian density and velocity)
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simulation models
• developed concepts and its regularities offer little
ability to forecast extraordinary situations:
– extraordinary situations like neon illuminated
advertising
• these factors can affect pedestrians
development of simulation models
– Übergangsmatrix-Modell, Queueing-Modelle,
Stochastische Modelle (models which describe the
motion of systems)
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simulation models
• simulation models account special events
• eventualities can be entered into the system
• example: effect of eye-catching billboards, narrowings of the road, etc. on pedestrian flows
Visualization of pedestrian flows
– VISSIM Pedestrian Model
– Controlling Agents in High-Density Crowd Simulation
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findings
• Self organized effects which require intelligence
– Simulation models need to be expanded
artificial intelligence
• behavior of the pedestrian flows similar to that
of gases or liquids
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basics: architectural sociology, adverting psychology
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perception of place
• sociological reflection: human being consists of more
then “existence and time”
space not only as a box but as a result of social
processes
organization of side-by-side
relation of concurrent placing
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perception of place
placing: has to appearance in plural
(grown plant, built houses (…))
space: perception of different object in connection with
each other
space: “production of social action”, “product of social
structures”
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psychological effect of neon signs
light, color, signs and movement have different effects on us
• light: people feel more comfortable in bright spaces• color: different colors - different effects on us
(example: red = stimulation; green = relaxing)
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psychological effect of neon signs
• signs: recognition value, orientation
• movement: recognition of movement
look at the signs
Phi-Effect:lights are put on and off
illusion of movement
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physical place analysis: reeperbahn
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next steps
+ take a closer look on the effects of neon signs specification: when it is too light you cannot notify the real space you are located; what happens when you change the surrounding, the lights, etc.?