CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF MORTALITY ANALYSIS
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CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF MORTALITY ANALYSIS Lecture 2 Leonid Gavrilov Natalia Gavrilova
description
CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF MORTALITY ANALYSIS. Lecture 2 Leonid Gavrilov Natalia Gavrilova. Measures of Mortality. Crude Death Rate Age-Specific Death Rates (Age-Specific Mortality Rates) Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (Standardized Mortality Rates) Life Expectancy (at birth or other age) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF MORTALITY ANALYSIS
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CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF MORTALITY ANALYSISLecture 2
Leonid GavrilovNatalia Gavrilova
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Measures of MortalityCrude Death RateAge-Specific Death Rates (Age-Specific Mortality Rates)Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (Standardized Mortality Rates)Life Expectancy (at birth or other age)Measures of Infant Mortality
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Crude Death RateNumber of deaths in a population during a specified time period, divided by the population size "at risk" of dying during that study period. For one-year period, Crude Death Rate, CDR = Deaths in that year /mid-year population size x 1,000 to adjust for standard-sized population of 1,000 persons
mid-year population = total population for July 1
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Crude Death Rate Pros and ConsPros: - Easy to calculate, and require less detailed data than other mortality measures - Useful for calculation of the rate of natural increase (crude birth rate minus crude death rate)Cons: - Depends on population age structure (proportions of younger and older people)
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Trends in crude death rates (per 1,000) for Russia, USA and Estonia
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Distribution of crude death rates (per 1,000) in Russia, 2003
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Age-Specific Death Rates (ASDR) or Age-Specific Mortality Rates (ASMR)Number of deaths in a specific age group during a specified time period, divided by the size of this specific age group during that study period. Example: For one-year study period, Age-Specific Death Rates, ASDR for males at age 45-49 years = = Deaths to males aged 45-49 in that year / Number of males aged 45-49 at mid-year x 1,000 to adjust for standard-sized population of 1,000 persons of that age.
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Age-Specific Death Rates Pros and ConsPros: - Allows to study mortality by age (and sex)
Cons: - Requires detailed data on deaths by age (not always available for developing countries, war and crisis periods, historical studies)
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Age-adjusted death rate (ADR), standardized death rate (SDR) or age-standardized death rate (ASDR) Death rate expected if the studied population had the age distribution of another "standard" population (arbitrary chosen for the purpose of comparison). Calculated as weighted average (with weights being proportions of the "standard" population at each age)
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Age-Adjusted Death Rate or Age-Standardized Death RateDirect method of age standardization:Mui is mortality rate in the studied population at age iPsi number of persons at age i in the standard population. Ps total standard population.
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Age-Adjusted Death Rate or Age-Standardized Death RatePros: - Allows comparison of death rates of populations despite differences in their age distribution Cons: - Requires data on death rates by age (not always available for developing countries, war and crisis periods, historical studies) - Results of comparison may depend on the arbitrary choice of standard.
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Typical standard populationsEuropean standard population and World standard population suggested by the World Health Organization
In the United States: 1940 U.S. standard population and 2000 U.S. standard population (applied around 2003)
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The Concept of Life TableLife table is a classic demographic format of describing a population's mortality experience with age. Life Table is built of a number of standard numerical columns representing various indicators of mortality and survival. The concept of life table was first suggested in 1662 by John Graunt. Before the 17th century, death was believed to be a magical or sacred phenomenon that could not and should not be quantified. The invention of life table was a scientific breakthrough in mortality studies.
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Life TableCohort life table as a simple example
Consider survival in the cohort of fruit flies born in the same time
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Number of dying, d(x)
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Number of survivors, l(x)
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Number of survivors at the beginning of the next age interval:l(x+1) = l(x) d(x)Probability of death in the age interval:q(x) = d(x)/l(x)
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Probability of death, q(x)
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Person-years lived in the interval, L(x) L(x) are needed to calculate life expectancy. Life expectancy, e(x), is defined as an average number of years lived after certain age.L(x) are also used in calculation of net reproduction rate (NRR)
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Calculation of life expectancy, e(x)Life expectancy at birth is estimated as an area below the survival curve divided by the number of individuals at birth
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Life expectancy, e(x)T(x) = L(x) + + L where L is L(x) for the last age interval. Summation starts from the last age interval and goes back to the age at which life expectancy is calculated.
e(x) = T(x)/l(x) where x = 0, 1, ,
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Life Tables for Human PopulationsIn the majority of cases life tables for humans are constructed for hypothetic birth cohort using cross-sectional data Such life tables are called period life tablesConstruction of period life tables starts from q(x) values rather than l(x) or d(x) as in the case of experimental animals
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Formula for q(x) using age-specific mortality ratesa(x) called the fraction of the last interval of life is usually equal to 0.5 for all ages except for the first age (from 0 to 1)Having q(x) calculated, data for all other life table columns are estimated using standard formulas.
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Life table probabilities of death, q(x), for men in Russia and USA. 2005
Chart1
0.012480.00757
0.001220.00052
0.00080.00036
0.000680.00025
0.000630.0002
0.00050.00017
0.000520.00017
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0.00050.00015
0.000430.00015
0.000450.00014
0.000430.00017
0.000490.00018
0.000550.00024
0.000690.00034
0.000940.00046
0.001210.00066
0.001570.00091
0.002080.0012
0.002170.00137
0.002750.00136
0.003290.0015
0.003760.00147
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0.004930.0014
0.005730.0014
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0.006440.00141
0.006920.00137
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0.008210.00137
0.007880.00142
0.008110.00149
0.008250.0015
0.008380.00161
0.009630.00162
0.009520.00169
0.009990.00191
0.010710.00205
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0.013820.00296
0.014770.00316
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0.035020.01032
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0.35110.24739
0.367340.26289
0.383410.27871
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Russia
USA
Age
log(q(x))
Sheet1
USA Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.007620.007570.0710000075799293752063575.21
200510.000520.000520.5992435299218742134274.78
200520.000360.000360.5991923599174732212573.82
200530.000250.000250.5991562599144722295172.84
200540.00020.00020.5991312099121712380771.86
200550.000170.000170.5991111799103702468670.88
200560.000170.000170.5990951799086692558369.89
200570.000150.000150.5990781499071682649668.9
200580.000150.000150.5990641599056672742567.91
200590.000150.000150.5990491599042662836966.92
2005100.000140.000140.5990341499027652932765.93
2005110.000170.000170.5990211799012643030064.94
2005120.000180.000180.5990041898995633128863.95
2005130.000240.000240.5989862498974623229362.96
2005140.000340.000340.5989623398945613331961.98
2005150.000460.000460.5989294698906603437361
2005160.000660.000660.5988836598851593546760.03
2005170.000910.000910.5988189098773583661759.06
2005180.00120.00120.59872811998669573784458.12
2005190.001370.001370.59860913598542563917557.19
2005200.001360.001360.59847413498407554063456.26
2005210.001510.00150.59834014898266544222755.34
2005220.001470.001470.59819214498119534396154.42
2005230.001450.001450.59804714297976524584253.5
2005240.00140.00140.59790513797836514786652.58
2005250.00140.00140.59776713797699505003051.65
2005260.001420.001420.59763013897561495233150.73
2005270.001410.001410.59749213897423485476949.8
2005280.001380.001370.59735413497288475734648.87
2005290.001320.001320.59722112897157466005947.93
2005300.001370.001370.59709313397026456290247
2005310.001430.001420.59695913896890446587646.06
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2005350.001620.001620.59637715696299407917942.33
2005360.001690.001690.59622116296140398288041.39
2005370.001910.001910.59605818395967388674140.46
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2005390.002210.002210.59567921295573369499738.62
2005400.002430.002420.59546723195352359942437.7
2005410.002610.002610.59523624895112350407236.79
2005420.002970.002960.59498828194847340896035.89
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2005700.027270.026910.57123319177027498382013.81
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20051060.488180.39240.5126501022441.93
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20051080.537320.423530.5451936811.79
20051090.561680.438520.5261120461.74
2005110+0.5857411.71151525251.71
Sheet2
Russia Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.012630.012480.08100000124898850588618158.86
200510.001220.001220.59875212198691578733158.6
200520.00080.00080.5986317998592568864057.68
200530.000680.000680.5985526798519559004856.72
200540.000630.000630.5984856298454549152955.76
200550.00050.00050.5984235098398539307654.8
200560.000520.000520.5983735198347529467853.82
200570.000450.000450.5983224498300519633052.85
200580.00050.00050.5982774998253509803151.87
200590.000430.000430.5982284298207499977850.9
2005100.000450.000450.5981864498164490157149.92
2005110.000430.000430.5981424298121480340748.94
2005120.000490.000490.5981004898076470528647.96
2005130.000550.000550.5980525498025460721046.99
2005140.000690.000690.5979986897965450918446.01
2005150.000940.000940.5979319297885441122045.04
2005160.001220.001210.59783811997779431333544.09
2005170.001570.001570.59772015397643421555643.14
2005180.002080.002080.59756620397465411791442.21
2005190.002180.002170.59736321297257402044941.29
2005200.002760.002750.59715126897018392319240.38
2005210.00330.003290.59688431996724382617439.49
2005220.003770.003760.59656536396383372945038.62
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2005240.004940.004930.59578247295546353707536.93
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2005270.006460.006440.59419560793892325201134.52
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2005390.011430.011360.58509196784608217268925.53
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2005410.013220.013130.582973109082429200453224.16
2005420.013920.013820.581884113281318192210423.47
2005430.014880.014770.580752119280155184078622.8
2005440.015580.015460.579559123078944176063122.13
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2005470.019270.019080.575547144274826152781420.22
2005480.020280.020080.574105148873361145298819.61
2005490.021720.021490.572617156071837137962619
2005500.026660.02630.571057186970122130778918.4
2005510.025440.025120.569188173868319123766717.89
2005520.026070.025740.567450173666582116934817.34
2005530.027730.027350.565714179764815110276616.78
2005540.028780.028370.563917181363010103795116.24
2005550.03230.031780.56210419746111797494015.7
2005560.034840.034250.56013020595910091382415.2
2005570.031560.031070.55807118045716985472314.72
2005580.039030.038280.55626721545519079755514.17
2005590.035640.035020.55411318955316574236513.72
2005600.044850.043870.55221822915107268920013.2
2005610.044820.043830.54992721884883363812812.78
2005620.040680.039860.54773919034678758929512.34
2005630.05190.050590.54583523194467654250811.84
2005640.048430.047290.54351720584248849783211.44
2005650.05290.051530.54145921374039145534410.98
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2005670.056780.055220.53710320493607837674110.15
2005680.062240.060360.5350542116339963406639.72
2005690.066590.064440.5329382123318773066679.31
2005700.073620.071010.5308152188297212747908.92
2005710.073770.071140.5286272037276092450698.56
2005720.079080.076080.5265912023255792174608.18
2005730.086040.08250.5245682027235541918807.81
2005740.089660.085810.5225411934215741683267.47
2005750.097990.093420.5206071925196441467527.12
2005760.105790.100470.5186821877177431271086.8
2005770.114130.107970.5168051814158971093656.51
2005780.117350.110840.514990166214159934676.24
2005790.122150.115120.513329153412562793085.95
2005800.123030.11590.511794136711111667465.66
2005810.140670.131430.51042713709742556355.34
2005820.138260.129320.5905711718471458935.07
2005830.153870.142880.5788611277322374224.75
2005840.168050.155020.5675910486235301004.45
2005850.182440.167190.557119555234238644.18
2005860.218190.196730.547569364289186313.92
2005870.214860.194010.538217413450143423.75
2005880.212680.192240.530795922783108923.54
2005890.255280.226390.52487563220681093.26
2005900.279220.245010.51924471168959033.07
2005910.31070.268920.51453391125742142.9
2005920.318910.275050.5106229291629572.78
2005930.332280.284940.577021966020412.65
2005940.36030.30530.555116846713802.51
2005950.378770.318460.53821223229142.39
2005960.402090.334780.5261872175922.27
2005970.425870.35110.5173611433752.16
2005980.449990.367340.511341922322.06
2005990.474350.383410.57127581401.97
20051000.498830.399250.5441835831.89
20051010.523310.414780.5261121481.81
20051020.547690.429950.515712271.74
20051030.571840.444690.5947151.67
20051040.595650.458960.552481.61
20051050.619020.472710.531241.56
20051060.641850.485910.511121.51
20051070.664060.498530.510111.47
20051080.685560.510550.500011.43
20051090.706290.521960.500001.4
2005110+0.7262111.3800001.38
Sheet3
MenRussiaUSA
qxlxdxex
00.012480.00757100000100000124875758.8675.21
10.001220.0005298752992431215258.674.78
20.00080.000369863199192793557.6873.82
30.000680.000259855299156672556.7272.84
40.000630.00029848599131622055.7671.86
50.00050.000179842399111501754.870.88
60.000520.000179837399095511753.8269.89
70.000450.000159832299078441452.8568.9
80.00050.000159827799064491551.8767.91
90.000430.000159822899049421550.966.92
100.000450.000149818699034441449.9265.93
110.000430.000179814299021421748.9464.94
120.000490.000189810099004481847.9663.95
130.000550.000249805298986542446.9962.96
140.000690.000349799898962683346.0161.98
150.000940.000469793198929924645.0461
160.001210.0006697838988831196544.0960.03
170.001570.0009197720988181539043.1459.06
180.002080.0012975669872820311942.2158.12
190.002170.00137973639860921213541.2957.19
200.002750.00136971519847426813440.3856.26
210.003290.0015968849834031914839.4955.34
220.003760.00147965659819236314438.6254.42
230.004360.00145962019804741914237.7753.5
240.004930.0014957829790547213736.9352.58
250.005730.0014953109776754613736.1151.65
260.006010.00142947649763056913835.3150.73
270.006440.00141941959749260713834.5249.8
280.006920.00137935899735464813433.7448.87
290.007160.00132929419722166512832.9847.93
300.008210.00137922769709375713332.2147
310.007880.00142915189695972213831.4746.06
320.008110.00149907979682173614530.7245.12
330.008250.0015900619667774314529.9744.19
340.008380.00161893189653274815529.2143.26
350.009630.00162885709637785315628.4542.33
360.009520.00169877179622183516227.7341.39
370.009990.00191868819605886818326.9940.46
380.010710.00205860139587592219726.2539.54
390.011360.00221850919567996721225.5338.62
400.013680.002428412495467115123124.8237.7
410.013130.002618297395236109024824.1636.79
420.013820.002968188494988113228123.4735.89
430.014770.003168075294706119229922.834.99
440.015460.003477955994407123032822.1334.1
450.01780.003727832994079139435021.4733.22
460.018040.004037693593729138837720.8532.34
470.019080.004397554793352144240920.2231.47
480.020080.004787410592943148844419.6130.61
490.021490.00531726179249815604921929.75
500.02630.005677105792007186952118.428.91
510.025120.006076918891485173855517.8928.07
520.025740.006826745090930173662017.3427.24
530.027350.007166571490310179764716.7826.42
540.028370.007626391789663181368316.2425.61
550.031780.008086210488980197471915.724.8
560.034250.008486013088261205974815.224
570.031070.009125807187512180479814.7223.2
580.038280.010275626786714215489014.1722.41
590.035020.010325411385824189588613.7221.64
600.043870.0118652218849382291100713.220.86
610.043830.0125849927839312188105612.7820.1
620.039860.0144647739828751903119812.3419.35
630.050590.0151145835816772319123411.8418.63
640.047290.0165343517804432058132911.4417.91
650.051530.0175941459791132137139210.9817.2
660.056450.0188439322777222220146410.5516.5
670.055220.0208637103762572049159110.1515.8
680.060360.022243505474666211616619.7215.13
690.064440.024283293873006212317739.3114.46
700.071010.026913081571233218819178.9213.81
710.071140.029032862769316203720128.5613.18
720.076080.032162659167304202321648.1812.56
730.08250.03562456865139202723197.8111.96
740.085810.037922254162820193423827.4711.38
750.093420.041332060760438192524987.1210.81
760.100470.044681868257940187725896.810.26
770.107970.050451680555351181427926.519.71
780.110840.054951499052559166228886.249.2
790.115120.060361332949671153429985.958.71
800.11590.065521179446673136730585.668.23
810.131430.072341042743615137031555.347.78
820.129320.07954905740460117132185.077.34
830.142880.08654788637242112732234.756.94
840.155020.09372675934019104831884.456.55
850.167190.105857113083095532624.186.17
860.196730.1110947562756993630633.925.84
870.194010.1240338212450674130393.755.51
880.192240.1345530792146759228883.545.22
890.226390.1381124871857856325663.264.95
900.245010.1421819241601247122773.074.67
910.268920.1565114531373639121502.94.36
920.275050.1727810621158629220022.784.07
930.284940.19012770958421918222.653.82
940.30530.20796551776216816142.513.6
950.318460.21762382614812213382.393.41
960.334780.2322926148108711172.273.22
970.35110.247391733693619142.163.04
980.367340.262891132779417312.062.87
990.383410.27871712049275711.972.72
1000.399250.29479441478184361.892.58
Sheet3
00
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00
Russia
USA
Age
log(q(x))
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
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00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
Russia
USA
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
d(x)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
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00
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00
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00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
e(x)
-
Period life table for hypothetical populationNumber of survivors, l(x), at the beginning is equal to 100,000
This initial number of l(x) is called the radix of life table
-
Life table number of survivors, l(x), for men in Russia and USA. 2005.
Chart2
100000100000
9875299243
9863199192
9855299156
9848599131
9842399111
9837399095
9832299078
9827799064
9822899049
9818699034
9814299021
9810099004
9805298986
9799898962
9793198929
9783898883
9772098818
9756698728
9736398609
9715198474
9688498340
9656598192
9620198047
9578297905
9531097767
9476497630
9419597492
9358997354
9294197221
9227697093
9151896959
9079796821
9006196677
8931896532
8857096377
8771796221
8688196058
8601395875
8509195679
8412495467
8297395236
8188494988
8075294706
7955994407
7832994079
7693593729
7554793352
7410592943
7261792498
7105792007
6918891485
6745090930
6571490310
6391789663
6210488980
6013088261
5807187512
5626786714
5411385824
5221884938
4992783931
4773982875
4583581677
4351780443
4145979113
3932277722
3710376257
3505474666
3293873006
3081571233
2862769316
2659167304
2456865139
2254162820
2060760438
1868257940
1680555351
1499052559
1332949671
1179446673
1042743615
905740460
788637242
675934019
571130830
475627569
382124506
307921467
248718578
192416012
145313736
106211586
7709584
5517762
3826148
2614810
1733693
1132779
712049
441478
Russia
USA
Sheet1
USA Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.007620.007570.0710000075799293752063575.21
200510.000520.000520.5992435299218742134274.78
200520.000360.000360.5991923599174732212573.82
200530.000250.000250.5991562599144722295172.84
200540.00020.00020.5991312099121712380771.86
200550.000170.000170.5991111799103702468670.88
200560.000170.000170.5990951799086692558369.89
200570.000150.000150.5990781499071682649668.9
200580.000150.000150.5990641599056672742567.91
200590.000150.000150.5990491599042662836966.92
2005100.000140.000140.5990341499027652932765.93
2005110.000170.000170.5990211799012643030064.94
2005120.000180.000180.5990041898995633128863.95
2005130.000240.000240.5989862498974623229362.96
2005140.000340.000340.5989623398945613331961.98
2005150.000460.000460.5989294698906603437361
2005160.000660.000660.5988836598851593546760.03
2005170.000910.000910.5988189098773583661759.06
2005180.00120.00120.59872811998669573784458.12
2005190.001370.001370.59860913598542563917557.19
2005200.001360.001360.59847413498407554063456.26
2005210.001510.00150.59834014898266544222755.34
2005220.001470.001470.59819214498119534396154.42
2005230.001450.001450.59804714297976524584253.5
2005240.00140.00140.59790513797836514786652.58
2005250.00140.00140.59776713797699505003051.65
2005260.001420.001420.59763013897561495233150.73
2005270.001410.001410.59749213897423485476949.8
2005280.001380.001370.59735413497288475734648.87
2005290.001320.001320.59722112897157466005947.93
2005300.001370.001370.59709313397026456290247
2005310.001430.001420.59695913896890446587646.06
2005320.001490.001490.59682114596749436898645.12
2005330.00150.00150.59667714596604427223744.19
2005340.001610.001610.59653215596454417563343.26
2005350.001620.001620.59637715696299407917942.33
2005360.001690.001690.59622116296140398288041.39
2005370.001910.001910.59605818395967388674140.46
2005380.002050.002050.59587519795777379077439.54
2005390.002210.002210.59567921295573369499738.62
2005400.002430.002420.59546723195352359942437.7
2005410.002610.002610.59523624895112350407236.79
2005420.002970.002960.59498828194847340896035.89
2005430.003170.003160.59470629994557331411434.99
2005440.003480.003470.59440732894243321955734.1
2005450.003730.003720.59407935093904312531433.22
2005460.004040.004030.59372937793541303141032.34
2005470.00440.004390.59335240993147293786931.47
2005480.004790.004780.59294344492720284472230.61
2005490.005330.005310.59249849292253275200129.75
2005500.005680.005670.59200752191746265974928.91
2005510.006090.006070.59148555591208256800328.07
2005520.006840.006820.59093062090620247679527.24
2005530.007190.007160.59031064789987238617526.42
2005540.007650.007620.58966368389322229618825.61
2005550.008120.008080.58898071988620220686724.8
2005560.008510.008480.58826174887887211824624
2005570.009160.009120.58751279887113203036023.2
2005580.010320.010270.58671489086269194324622.41
2005590.010370.010320.58582488685381185697721.64
2005600.011930.011860.584938100784435177159620.86
2005610.012660.012580.583931105683403168716220.1
2005620.014570.014460.582875119882276160375919.35
2005630.015220.015110.581677123481060152148218.63
2005640.016660.016530.580443132979778144042317.91
2005650.017750.017590.579113139278418136064417.2
2005660.019020.018840.577722146476989128222716.5
2005670.021080.020860.576257159175462120523715.8
2005680.022490.022240.574666166173836112977615.13
2005690.024580.024280.573006177372119105594014.46
2005700.027270.026910.57123319177027498382013.81
2005710.029460.029030.56931620126831091354613.18
2005720.032690.032160.56730421646622184523612.56
2005730.036250.03560.56513923196398077901511.96
2005740.038650.037920.56282023826162971503511.38
2005750.04220.041330.56043824985918965340610.81
2005760.04570.044680.55794025895664659421710.26
2005770.051760.050450.5553512792539555375719.71
2005780.05650.054950.5525592888511154836169.2
2005790.062230.060360.5496712998481724325018.71
2005800.067740.065520.5466733058451443843298.23
2005810.075060.072340.5436153155420373391857.78
2005820.082840.079540.5404603218388512971487.34
2005830.090460.086540.5372423223356302582976.94
2005840.098330.093720.5340193188324252226676.55
2005850.111710.10580.5308303262292001902426.17
2005860.117620.111090.5275693063260371610435.84
2005870.132230.124030.5245063039229861350055.51
2005880.144260.134550.5214672888200231120195.22
2005890.148360.138110.518578256617295919964.95
2005900.153060.142180.516012227714874747014.67
2005910.169790.156510.513736215012661598264.36
2005920.189110.172780.511586200210585471654.07
2005930.210090.190120.5958418228673365803.82
2005940.232090.207960.5776216146955279073.6
2005950.244190.217620.5614813385479209523.41
2005960.262810.232290.5481011174251154733.22
2005970.282310.247390.536939143236112213.04
2005980.302670.262890.52779731241479852.87
2005990.323840.278710.52049571176355722.72
20051000.345750.294790.51478436126038082.58
20051010.368340.311050.5104232488025492.45
20051020.391520.327420.571823560016692.32
20051030.41520.343820.548316640010682.21
20051040.439270.360170.53171142606692.11
20051050.463640.376390.5203761654092.02
20051060.488180.39240.5126501022441.93
20051070.512780.408140.57731611431.86
20051080.537320.423530.5451936811.79
20051090.561680.438520.5261120461.74
2005110+0.5857411.71151525251.71
Sheet2
Russia Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.012630.012480.08100000124898850588618158.86
200510.001220.001220.59875212198691578733158.6
200520.00080.00080.5986317998592568864057.68
200530.000680.000680.5985526798519559004856.72
200540.000630.000630.5984856298454549152955.76
200550.00050.00050.5984235098398539307654.8
200560.000520.000520.5983735198347529467853.82
200570.000450.000450.5983224498300519633052.85
200580.00050.00050.5982774998253509803151.87
200590.000430.000430.5982284298207499977850.9
2005100.000450.000450.5981864498164490157149.92
2005110.000430.000430.5981424298121480340748.94
2005120.000490.000490.5981004898076470528647.96
2005130.000550.000550.5980525498025460721046.99
2005140.000690.000690.5979986897965450918446.01
2005150.000940.000940.5979319297885441122045.04
2005160.001220.001210.59783811997779431333544.09
2005170.001570.001570.59772015397643421555643.14
2005180.002080.002080.59756620397465411791442.21
2005190.002180.002170.59736321297257402044941.29
2005200.002760.002750.59715126897018392319240.38
2005210.00330.003290.59688431996724382617439.49
2005220.003770.003760.59656536396383372945038.62
2005230.004360.004360.59620141995992363306737.77
2005240.004940.004930.59578247295546353707536.93
2005250.005740.005730.59531054695037344152836.11
2005260.006030.006010.59476456994480334649135.31
2005270.006460.006440.59419560793892325201134.52
2005280.006940.006920.59358964893265315811933.74
2005290.007190.007160.59294166592608306485432.98
2005300.008240.008210.59227675791897297224632.21
2005310.007920.007880.59151872291157288034931.47
2005320.008140.008110.59079773690429278919230.72
2005330.008280.008250.59006174389689269876329.97
2005340.008410.008380.58931874888944260907429.21
2005350.009680.009630.58857085388143252013028.45
2005360.009570.009520.58771783587299243198727.73
2005370.010040.009990.58688186886447234468926.99
2005380.010770.010710.58601392285552225824226.25
2005390.011430.011360.58509196784608217268925.53
2005400.013780.013680.584124115183549208808124.82
2005410.013220.013130.582973109082429200453224.16
2005420.013920.013820.581884113281318192210423.47
2005430.014880.014770.580752119280155184078622.8
2005440.015580.015460.579559123078944176063122.13
2005450.017960.01780.578329139477632168168721.47
2005460.018210.018040.576935138876241160405520.85
2005470.019270.019080.575547144274826152781420.22
2005480.020280.020080.574105148873361145298819.61
2005490.021720.021490.572617156071837137962619
2005500.026660.02630.571057186970122130778918.4
2005510.025440.025120.569188173868319123766717.89
2005520.026070.025740.567450173666582116934817.34
2005530.027730.027350.565714179764815110276616.78
2005540.028780.028370.563917181363010103795116.24
2005550.03230.031780.56210419746111797494015.7
2005560.034840.034250.56013020595910091382415.2
2005570.031560.031070.55807118045716985472314.72
2005580.039030.038280.55626721545519079755514.17
2005590.035640.035020.55411318955316574236513.72
2005600.044850.043870.55221822915107268920013.2
2005610.044820.043830.54992721884883363812812.78
2005620.040680.039860.54773919034678758929512.34
2005630.05190.050590.54583523194467654250811.84
2005640.048430.047290.54351720584248849783211.44
2005650.05290.051530.54145921374039145534410.98
2005660.058090.056450.53932222203821241495410.55
2005670.056780.055220.53710320493607837674110.15
2005680.062240.060360.5350542116339963406639.72
2005690.066590.064440.5329382123318773066679.31
2005700.073620.071010.5308152188297212747908.92
2005710.073770.071140.5286272037276092450698.56
2005720.079080.076080.5265912023255792174608.18
2005730.086040.08250.5245682027235541918807.81
2005740.089660.085810.5225411934215741683267.47
2005750.097990.093420.5206071925196441467527.12
2005760.105790.100470.5186821877177431271086.8
2005770.114130.107970.5168051814158971093656.51
2005780.117350.110840.514990166214159934676.24
2005790.122150.115120.513329153412562793085.95
2005800.123030.11590.511794136711111667465.66
2005810.140670.131430.51042713709742556355.34
2005820.138260.129320.5905711718471458935.07
2005830.153870.142880.5788611277322374224.75
2005840.168050.155020.5675910486235301004.45
2005850.182440.167190.557119555234238644.18
2005860.218190.196730.547569364289186313.92
2005870.214860.194010.538217413450143423.75
2005880.212680.192240.530795922783108923.54
2005890.255280.226390.52487563220681093.26
2005900.279220.245010.51924471168959033.07
2005910.31070.268920.51453391125742142.9
2005920.318910.275050.5106229291629572.78
2005930.332280.284940.577021966020412.65
2005940.36030.30530.555116846713802.51
2005950.378770.318460.53821223229142.39
2005960.402090.334780.5261872175922.27
2005970.425870.35110.5173611433752.16
2005980.449990.367340.511341922322.06
2005990.474350.383410.57127581401.97
20051000.498830.399250.5441835831.89
20051010.523310.414780.5261121481.81
20051020.547690.429950.515712271.74
20051030.571840.444690.5947151.67
20051040.595650.458960.552481.61
20051050.619020.472710.531241.56
20051060.641850.485910.511121.51
20051070.664060.498530.510111.47
20051080.685560.510550.500011.43
20051090.706290.521960.500001.4
2005110+0.7262111.3800001.38
Sheet3
MenRussiaUSA
qxlxdxex
00.012480.00757100000100000124875758.8675.21
10.001220.0005298752992431215258.674.78
20.00080.000369863199192793557.6873.82
30.000680.000259855299156672556.7272.84
40.000630.00029848599131622055.7671.86
50.00050.000179842399111501754.870.88
60.000520.000179837399095511753.8269.89
70.000450.000159832299078441452.8568.9
80.00050.000159827799064491551.8767.91
90.000430.000159822899049421550.966.92
100.000450.000149818699034441449.9265.93
110.000430.000179814299021421748.9464.94
120.000490.000189810099004481847.9663.95
130.000550.000249805298986542446.9962.96
140.000690.000349799898962683346.0161.98
150.000940.000469793198929924645.0461
160.001210.0006697838988831196544.0960.03
170.001570.0009197720988181539043.1459.06
180.002080.0012975669872820311942.2158.12
190.002170.00137973639860921213541.2957.19
200.002750.00136971519847426813440.3856.26
210.003290.0015968849834031914839.4955.34
220.003760.00147965659819236314438.6254.42
230.004360.00145962019804741914237.7753.5
240.004930.0014957829790547213736.9352.58
250.005730.0014953109776754613736.1151.65
260.006010.00142947649763056913835.3150.73
270.006440.00141941959749260713834.5249.8
280.006920.00137935899735464813433.7448.87
290.007160.00132929419722166512832.9847.93
300.008210.00137922769709375713332.2147
310.007880.00142915189695972213831.4746.06
320.008110.00149907979682173614530.7245.12
330.008250.0015900619667774314529.9744.19
340.008380.00161893189653274815529.2143.26
350.009630.00162885709637785315628.4542.33
360.009520.00169877179622183516227.7341.39
370.009990.00191868819605886818326.9940.46
380.010710.00205860139587592219726.2539.54
390.011360.00221850919567996721225.5338.62
400.013680.002428412495467115123124.8237.7
410.013130.002618297395236109024824.1636.79
420.013820.002968188494988113228123.4735.89
430.014770.003168075294706119229922.834.99
440.015460.003477955994407123032822.1334.1
450.01780.003727832994079139435021.4733.22
460.018040.004037693593729138837720.8532.34
470.019080.004397554793352144240920.2231.47
480.020080.004787410592943148844419.6130.61
490.021490.00531726179249815604921929.75
500.02630.005677105792007186952118.428.91
510.025120.006076918891485173855517.8928.07
520.025740.006826745090930173662017.3427.24
530.027350.007166571490310179764716.7826.42
540.028370.007626391789663181368316.2425.61
550.031780.008086210488980197471915.724.8
560.034250.008486013088261205974815.224
570.031070.009125807187512180479814.7223.2
580.038280.010275626786714215489014.1722.41
590.035020.010325411385824189588613.7221.64
600.043870.0118652218849382291100713.220.86
610.043830.0125849927839312188105612.7820.1
620.039860.0144647739828751903119812.3419.35
630.050590.0151145835816772319123411.8418.63
640.047290.0165343517804432058132911.4417.91
650.051530.0175941459791132137139210.9817.2
660.056450.0188439322777222220146410.5516.5
670.055220.0208637103762572049159110.1515.8
680.060360.022243505474666211616619.7215.13
690.064440.024283293873006212317739.3114.46
700.071010.026913081571233218819178.9213.81
710.071140.029032862769316203720128.5613.18
720.076080.032162659167304202321648.1812.56
730.08250.03562456865139202723197.8111.96
740.085810.037922254162820193423827.4711.38
750.093420.041332060760438192524987.1210.81
760.100470.044681868257940187725896.810.26
770.107970.050451680555351181427926.519.71
780.110840.054951499052559166228886.249.2
790.115120.060361332949671153429985.958.71
800.11590.065521179446673136730585.668.23
810.131430.072341042743615137031555.347.78
820.129320.07954905740460117132185.077.34
830.142880.08654788637242112732234.756.94
840.155020.09372675934019104831884.456.55
850.167190.105857113083095532624.186.17
860.196730.1110947562756993630633.925.84
870.194010.1240338212450674130393.755.51
880.192240.1345530792146759228883.545.22
890.226390.1381124871857856325663.264.95
900.245010.1421819241601247122773.074.67
910.268920.1565114531373639121502.94.36
920.275050.1727810621158629220022.784.07
930.284940.19012770958421918222.653.82
940.30530.20796551776216816142.513.6
950.318460.21762382614812213382.393.41
960.334780.2322926148108711172.273.22
970.35110.247391733693619142.163.04
980.367340.262891132779417312.062.87
990.383410.27871712049275711.972.72
1000.399250.29479441478184361.892.58
Sheet3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
log(q(x))
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
d(x)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
e(x)
-
Life table number of dying, d(x), for men in Russia and USA. 2005
Chart3
1248757
12152
7935
6725
6220
5017
5117
4414
4915
4215
4414
4217
4818
5424
6833
9246
11965
15390
203119
212135
268134
319148
363144
419142
472137
546137
569138
607138
648134
665128
757133
722138
736145
743145
748155
853156
835162
868183
922197
967212
1151231
1090248
1132281
1192299
1230328
1394350
1388377
1442409
1488444
1560492
1869521
1738555
1736620
1797647
1813683
1974719
2059748
1804798
2154890
1895886
22911007
21881056
19031198
23191234
20581329
21371392
22201464
20491591
21161661
21231773
21881917
20372012
20232164
20272319
19342382
19252498
18772589
18142792
16622888
15342998
13673058
13703155
11713218
11273223
10483188
9553262
9363063
7413039
5922888
5632566
4712277
3912150
2922002
2191822
1681614
1221338
871117
61914
41731
27571
18436
Russia
USA
Age
d(x)
Sheet1
USA Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.007620.007570.0710000075799293752063575.21
200510.000520.000520.5992435299218742134274.78
200520.000360.000360.5991923599174732212573.82
200530.000250.000250.5991562599144722295172.84
200540.00020.00020.5991312099121712380771.86
200550.000170.000170.5991111799103702468670.88
200560.000170.000170.5990951799086692558369.89
200570.000150.000150.5990781499071682649668.9
200580.000150.000150.5990641599056672742567.91
200590.000150.000150.5990491599042662836966.92
2005100.000140.000140.5990341499027652932765.93
2005110.000170.000170.5990211799012643030064.94
2005120.000180.000180.5990041898995633128863.95
2005130.000240.000240.5989862498974623229362.96
2005140.000340.000340.5989623398945613331961.98
2005150.000460.000460.5989294698906603437361
2005160.000660.000660.5988836598851593546760.03
2005170.000910.000910.5988189098773583661759.06
2005180.00120.00120.59872811998669573784458.12
2005190.001370.001370.59860913598542563917557.19
2005200.001360.001360.59847413498407554063456.26
2005210.001510.00150.59834014898266544222755.34
2005220.001470.001470.59819214498119534396154.42
2005230.001450.001450.59804714297976524584253.5
2005240.00140.00140.59790513797836514786652.58
2005250.00140.00140.59776713797699505003051.65
2005260.001420.001420.59763013897561495233150.73
2005270.001410.001410.59749213897423485476949.8
2005280.001380.001370.59735413497288475734648.87
2005290.001320.001320.59722112897157466005947.93
2005300.001370.001370.59709313397026456290247
2005310.001430.001420.59695913896890446587646.06
2005320.001490.001490.59682114596749436898645.12
2005330.00150.00150.59667714596604427223744.19
2005340.001610.001610.59653215596454417563343.26
2005350.001620.001620.59637715696299407917942.33
2005360.001690.001690.59622116296140398288041.39
2005370.001910.001910.59605818395967388674140.46
2005380.002050.002050.59587519795777379077439.54
2005390.002210.002210.59567921295573369499738.62
2005400.002430.002420.59546723195352359942437.7
2005410.002610.002610.59523624895112350407236.79
2005420.002970.002960.59498828194847340896035.89
2005430.003170.003160.59470629994557331411434.99
2005440.003480.003470.59440732894243321955734.1
2005450.003730.003720.59407935093904312531433.22
2005460.004040.004030.59372937793541303141032.34
2005470.00440.004390.59335240993147293786931.47
2005480.004790.004780.59294344492720284472230.61
2005490.005330.005310.59249849292253275200129.75
2005500.005680.005670.59200752191746265974928.91
2005510.006090.006070.59148555591208256800328.07
2005520.006840.006820.59093062090620247679527.24
2005530.007190.007160.59031064789987238617526.42
2005540.007650.007620.58966368389322229618825.61
2005550.008120.008080.58898071988620220686724.8
2005560.008510.008480.58826174887887211824624
2005570.009160.009120.58751279887113203036023.2
2005580.010320.010270.58671489086269194324622.41
2005590.010370.010320.58582488685381185697721.64
2005600.011930.011860.584938100784435177159620.86
2005610.012660.012580.583931105683403168716220.1
2005620.014570.014460.582875119882276160375919.35
2005630.015220.015110.581677123481060152148218.63
2005640.016660.016530.580443132979778144042317.91
2005650.017750.017590.579113139278418136064417.2
2005660.019020.018840.577722146476989128222716.5
2005670.021080.020860.576257159175462120523715.8
2005680.022490.022240.574666166173836112977615.13
2005690.024580.024280.573006177372119105594014.46
2005700.027270.026910.57123319177027498382013.81
2005710.029460.029030.56931620126831091354613.18
2005720.032690.032160.56730421646622184523612.56
2005730.036250.03560.56513923196398077901511.96
2005740.038650.037920.56282023826162971503511.38
2005750.04220.041330.56043824985918965340610.81
2005760.04570.044680.55794025895664659421710.26
2005770.051760.050450.5553512792539555375719.71
2005780.05650.054950.5525592888511154836169.2
2005790.062230.060360.5496712998481724325018.71
2005800.067740.065520.5466733058451443843298.23
2005810.075060.072340.5436153155420373391857.78
2005820.082840.079540.5404603218388512971487.34
2005830.090460.086540.5372423223356302582976.94
2005840.098330.093720.5340193188324252226676.55
2005850.111710.10580.5308303262292001902426.17
2005860.117620.111090.5275693063260371610435.84
2005870.132230.124030.5245063039229861350055.51
2005880.144260.134550.5214672888200231120195.22
2005890.148360.138110.518578256617295919964.95
2005900.153060.142180.516012227714874747014.67
2005910.169790.156510.513736215012661598264.36
2005920.189110.172780.511586200210585471654.07
2005930.210090.190120.5958418228673365803.82
2005940.232090.207960.5776216146955279073.6
2005950.244190.217620.5614813385479209523.41
2005960.262810.232290.5481011174251154733.22
2005970.282310.247390.536939143236112213.04
2005980.302670.262890.52779731241479852.87
2005990.323840.278710.52049571176355722.72
20051000.345750.294790.51478436126038082.58
20051010.368340.311050.5104232488025492.45
20051020.391520.327420.571823560016692.32
20051030.41520.343820.548316640010682.21
20051040.439270.360170.53171142606692.11
20051050.463640.376390.5203761654092.02
20051060.488180.39240.5126501022441.93
20051070.512780.408140.57731611431.86
20051080.537320.423530.5451936811.79
20051090.561680.438520.5261120461.74
2005110+0.5857411.71151525251.71
Sheet2
Russia Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.012630.012480.08100000124898850588618158.86
200510.001220.001220.59875212198691578733158.6
200520.00080.00080.5986317998592568864057.68
200530.000680.000680.5985526798519559004856.72
200540.000630.000630.5984856298454549152955.76
200550.00050.00050.5984235098398539307654.8
200560.000520.000520.5983735198347529467853.82
200570.000450.000450.5983224498300519633052.85
200580.00050.00050.5982774998253509803151.87
200590.000430.000430.5982284298207499977850.9
2005100.000450.000450.5981864498164490157149.92
2005110.000430.000430.5981424298121480340748.94
2005120.000490.000490.5981004898076470528647.96
2005130.000550.000550.5980525498025460721046.99
2005140.000690.000690.5979986897965450918446.01
2005150.000940.000940.5979319297885441122045.04
2005160.001220.001210.59783811997779431333544.09
2005170.001570.001570.59772015397643421555643.14
2005180.002080.002080.59756620397465411791442.21
2005190.002180.002170.59736321297257402044941.29
2005200.002760.002750.59715126897018392319240.38
2005210.00330.003290.59688431996724382617439.49
2005220.003770.003760.59656536396383372945038.62
2005230.004360.004360.59620141995992363306737.77
2005240.004940.004930.59578247295546353707536.93
2005250.005740.005730.59531054695037344152836.11
2005260.006030.006010.59476456994480334649135.31
2005270.006460.006440.59419560793892325201134.52
2005280.006940.006920.59358964893265315811933.74
2005290.007190.007160.59294166592608306485432.98
2005300.008240.008210.59227675791897297224632.21
2005310.007920.007880.59151872291157288034931.47
2005320.008140.008110.59079773690429278919230.72
2005330.008280.008250.59006174389689269876329.97
2005340.008410.008380.58931874888944260907429.21
2005350.009680.009630.58857085388143252013028.45
2005360.009570.009520.58771783587299243198727.73
2005370.010040.009990.58688186886447234468926.99
2005380.010770.010710.58601392285552225824226.25
2005390.011430.011360.58509196784608217268925.53
2005400.013780.013680.584124115183549208808124.82
2005410.013220.013130.582973109082429200453224.16
2005420.013920.013820.581884113281318192210423.47
2005430.014880.014770.580752119280155184078622.8
2005440.015580.015460.579559123078944176063122.13
2005450.017960.01780.578329139477632168168721.47
2005460.018210.018040.576935138876241160405520.85
2005470.019270.019080.575547144274826152781420.22
2005480.020280.020080.574105148873361145298819.61
2005490.021720.021490.572617156071837137962619
2005500.026660.02630.571057186970122130778918.4
2005510.025440.025120.569188173868319123766717.89
2005520.026070.025740.567450173666582116934817.34
2005530.027730.027350.565714179764815110276616.78
2005540.028780.028370.563917181363010103795116.24
2005550.03230.031780.56210419746111797494015.7
2005560.034840.034250.56013020595910091382415.2
2005570.031560.031070.55807118045716985472314.72
2005580.039030.038280.55626721545519079755514.17
2005590.035640.035020.55411318955316574236513.72
2005600.044850.043870.55221822915107268920013.2
2005610.044820.043830.54992721884883363812812.78
2005620.040680.039860.54773919034678758929512.34
2005630.05190.050590.54583523194467654250811.84
2005640.048430.047290.54351720584248849783211.44
2005650.05290.051530.54145921374039145534410.98
2005660.058090.056450.53932222203821241495410.55
2005670.056780.055220.53710320493607837674110.15
2005680.062240.060360.5350542116339963406639.72
2005690.066590.064440.5329382123318773066679.31
2005700.073620.071010.5308152188297212747908.92
2005710.073770.071140.5286272037276092450698.56
2005720.079080.076080.5265912023255792174608.18
2005730.086040.08250.5245682027235541918807.81
2005740.089660.085810.5225411934215741683267.47
2005750.097990.093420.5206071925196441467527.12
2005760.105790.100470.5186821877177431271086.8
2005770.114130.107970.5168051814158971093656.51
2005780.117350.110840.514990166214159934676.24
2005790.122150.115120.513329153412562793085.95
2005800.123030.11590.511794136711111667465.66
2005810.140670.131430.51042713709742556355.34
2005820.138260.129320.5905711718471458935.07
2005830.153870.142880.5788611277322374224.75
2005840.168050.155020.5675910486235301004.45
2005850.182440.167190.557119555234238644.18
2005860.218190.196730.547569364289186313.92
2005870.214860.194010.538217413450143423.75
2005880.212680.192240.530795922783108923.54
2005890.255280.226390.52487563220681093.26
2005900.279220.245010.51924471168959033.07
2005910.31070.268920.51453391125742142.9
2005920.318910.275050.5106229291629572.78
2005930.332280.284940.577021966020412.65
2005940.36030.30530.555116846713802.51
2005950.378770.318460.53821223229142.39
2005960.402090.334780.5261872175922.27
2005970.425870.35110.5173611433752.16
2005980.449990.367340.511341922322.06
2005990.474350.383410.57127581401.97
20051000.498830.399250.5441835831.89
20051010.523310.414780.5261121481.81
20051020.547690.429950.515712271.74
20051030.571840.444690.5947151.67
20051040.595650.458960.552481.61
20051050.619020.472710.531241.56
20051060.641850.485910.511121.51
20051070.664060.498530.510111.47
20051080.685560.510550.500011.43
20051090.706290.521960.500001.4
2005110+0.7262111.3800001.38
Sheet3
MenRussiaUSA
qxlxdxex
00.012480.00757100000100000124875758.8675.21
10.001220.0005298752992431215258.674.78
20.00080.000369863199192793557.6873.82
30.000680.000259855299156672556.7272.84
40.000630.00029848599131622055.7671.86
50.00050.000179842399111501754.870.88
60.000520.000179837399095511753.8269.89
70.000450.000159832299078441452.8568.9
80.00050.000159827799064491551.8767.91
90.000430.000159822899049421550.966.92
100.000450.000149818699034441449.9265.93
110.000430.000179814299021421748.9464.94
120.000490.000189810099004481847.9663.95
130.000550.000249805298986542446.9962.96
140.000690.000349799898962683346.0161.98
150.000940.000469793198929924645.0461
160.001210.0006697838988831196544.0960.03
170.001570.0009197720988181539043.1459.06
180.002080.0012975669872820311942.2158.12
190.002170.00137973639860921213541.2957.19
200.002750.00136971519847426813440.3856.26
210.003290.0015968849834031914839.4955.34
220.003760.00147965659819236314438.6254.42
230.004360.00145962019804741914237.7753.5
240.004930.0014957829790547213736.9352.58
250.005730.0014953109776754613736.1151.65
260.006010.00142947649763056913835.3150.73
270.006440.00141941959749260713834.5249.8
280.006920.00137935899735464813433.7448.87
290.007160.00132929419722166512832.9847.93
300.008210.00137922769709375713332.2147
310.007880.00142915189695972213831.4746.06
320.008110.00149907979682173614530.7245.12
330.008250.0015900619667774314529.9744.19
340.008380.00161893189653274815529.2143.26
350.009630.00162885709637785315628.4542.33
360.009520.00169877179622183516227.7341.39
370.009990.00191868819605886818326.9940.46
380.010710.00205860139587592219726.2539.54
390.011360.00221850919567996721225.5338.62
400.013680.002428412495467115123124.8237.7
410.013130.002618297395236109024824.1636.79
420.013820.002968188494988113228123.4735.89
430.014770.003168075294706119229922.834.99
440.015460.003477955994407123032822.1334.1
450.01780.003727832994079139435021.4733.22
460.018040.004037693593729138837720.8532.34
470.019080.004397554793352144240920.2231.47
480.020080.004787410592943148844419.6130.61
490.021490.00531726179249815604921929.75
500.02630.005677105792007186952118.428.91
510.025120.006076918891485173855517.8928.07
520.025740.006826745090930173662017.3427.24
530.027350.007166571490310179764716.7826.42
540.028370.007626391789663181368316.2425.61
550.031780.008086210488980197471915.724.8
560.034250.008486013088261205974815.224
570.031070.009125807187512180479814.7223.2
580.038280.010275626786714215489014.1722.41
590.035020.010325411385824189588613.7221.64
600.043870.0118652218849382291100713.220.86
610.043830.0125849927839312188105612.7820.1
620.039860.0144647739828751903119812.3419.35
630.050590.0151145835816772319123411.8418.63
640.047290.0165343517804432058132911.4417.91
650.051530.0175941459791132137139210.9817.2
660.056450.0188439322777222220146410.5516.5
670.055220.0208637103762572049159110.1515.8
680.060360.022243505474666211616619.7215.13
690.064440.024283293873006212317739.3114.46
700.071010.026913081571233218819178.9213.81
710.071140.029032862769316203720128.5613.18
720.076080.032162659167304202321648.1812.56
730.08250.03562456865139202723197.8111.96
740.085810.037922254162820193423827.4711.38
750.093420.041332060760438192524987.1210.81
760.100470.044681868257940187725896.810.26
770.107970.050451680555351181427926.519.71
780.110840.054951499052559166228886.249.2
790.115120.060361332949671153429985.958.71
800.11590.065521179446673136730585.668.23
810.131430.072341042743615137031555.347.78
820.129320.07954905740460117132185.077.34
830.142880.08654788637242112732234.756.94
840.155020.09372675934019104831884.456.55
850.167190.105857113083095532624.186.17
860.196730.1110947562756993630633.925.84
870.194010.1240338212450674130393.755.51
880.192240.1345530792146759228883.545.22
890.226390.1381124871857856325663.264.95
900.245010.1421819241601247122773.074.67
910.268920.1565114531373639121502.94.36
920.275050.1727810621158629220022.784.07
930.284940.19012770958421918222.653.82
940.30530.20796551776216816142.513.6
950.318460.21762382614812213382.393.41
960.334780.2322926148108711172.273.22
970.35110.247391733693619142.163.04
980.367340.262891132779417312.062.87
990.383410.27871712049275711.972.72
1000.399250.29479441478184361.892.58
Sheet3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
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00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
log(q(x))
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
d(x)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Russia
USA
Age
e(x)
-
Life expectancy, e(x), for men in Russia and USA. 2005
Chart4
58.8675.21
58.674.78
57.6873.82
56.7272.84
55.7671.86
54.870.88
53.8269.89
52.8568.9
51.8767.91
50.966.92
49.9265.93
48.9464.94
47.9663.95
46.9962.96
46.0161.98
45.0461
44.0960.03
43.1459.06
42.2158.12
41.2957.19
40.3856.26
39.4955.34
38.6254.42
37.7753.5
36.9352.58
36.1151.65
35.3150.73
34.5249.8
33.7448.87
32.9847.93
32.2147
31.4746.06
30.7245.12
29.9744.19
29.2143.26
28.4542.33
27.7341.39
26.9940.46
26.2539.54
25.5338.62
24.8237.7
24.1636.79
23.4735.89
22.834.99
22.1334.1
21.4733.22
20.8532.34
20.2231.47
19.6130.61
1929.75
18.428.91
17.8928.07
17.3427.24
16.7826.42
16.2425.61
15.724.8
15.224
14.7223.2
14.1722.41
13.7221.64
13.220.86
12.7820.1
12.3419.35
11.8418.63
11.4417.91
10.9817.2
10.5516.5
10.1515.8
9.7215.13
9.3114.46
8.9213.81
8.5613.18
8.1812.56
7.8111.96
7.4711.38
7.1210.81
6.810.26
6.519.71
6.249.2
5.958.71
5.668.23
5.347.78
5.077.34
4.756.94
4.456.55
4.186.17
3.925.84
3.755.51
3.545.22
3.264.95
3.074.67
2.94.36
2.784.07
2.653.82
2.513.6
2.393.41
2.273.22
2.163.04
2.062.87
1.972.72
1.892.58
Russia
USA
Age
e(x)
Sheet1
USA Magemxqxaxlxdxllxtxex
200500.007620.007570.0710000075799293752063575.21
200510.000520.000520.5992435299218742134274.78
200520.000360.000360.5991923599174732212573.82
200530.000250.000250.5991562599144722295172.84
200540.00020.00020.5991312099121712380771.86
200550.000170.000170.5991111799103702468670.88
200560.000170.000170.5990951799086692558369.89
200570.000150.000150.5990781499071682649668.9
200580.000150.000150.5990641599056672742567.91
200590.000150.000150.5990491599042662836966.92
2005100.000140.000140.5990341499027652932765.93
2005110.000170.000170.5990211799012643030064.94
2005120.000180.000180.5990041898995633128863.95
2005130.000240.000240.5989862498974623229362.96
2005140.000340.000340.5989623398945613331961.98
2005150.000460.000460.5989294698906603437361
2005160.000660.000660.5988836598851593546760.03
2005170.000910.000910.5988189098773583661759.06
2005180.00120.00120.59872811998669573784458.12
2005190.001370.001370.59860913598542563917557.19
2005200.001360.001360.59847413498407554063456.26
2005210.001510.00150.59834014898266544222755.34
2005220.001470.001470.59819214498119534396154.42
2005230.001450.001450.59804714297976524584253.5
2005240.00140.00140.59790513797836514786652.58
2005250.00140.00140.59776713797699505003051.65
2005260.001420.001420.59763013897561495233150.73
2005270.001410.001410.59749213897423485476949.8
2005280.001380.001370.59735413497288475734648.87
2005290.001320.001320.59722112897157466005947.93
2005300.001370.001370.59709313397026456290247
2005310.001430.001420.59695913896890446587646.06
2005320.001490.001490.59682114596749436898645.12
2005330.00150.00150.59667714596604427223744.19
2005340.001610.001610.59653215596454417563343.26
2005350.001620.001620.59637715696299407917942.33
2005360.001690.001690.59622116296140398288041.39
2005370.001910.001910.59605818395967388674140.46
2005380.002050.002050.59587519795777379077439.54
2005390.002210.002210.59567921295573369499738.62
2005400.002430.002420.59546723195352359942437.7
2005410.002610.002610.59523624895112350407236.79
2005420.002970.002960.59498828194847340896035.89
2005430.003170.003160.59470629994557331411434.99
2005440.003480.003470.59440732894243321955734.1
2005450.003730.003720.59407935093904312531433.22
2005460.004040.004030.59372937793541303141032.34
2005470.00440.004390.59335240993147293786931.47
2005480.004790.004780.59294344492720284472230.61
2005490.005330.005310.59249849292253275200129.75
2005500.005680.005670.59200752191746265974928.91
2005510.006090.006070.59148555591208256800328.07
2005520.006840.006820.59093062090620247679527.24
2005530.007190.007160.59031064789987238617526.42
2005540.007650.007620.58966368389322229618825.61
2005550.008120.008080.58898071988620220686724.8
2005560.008510.008480.58826174887887211824624
2005570.009160.009120.58751279887113203036023.2
2005580.010320.010270.58671489086269194324622.41
2005590.010370.010320.58582488685381185697721.64
2005600.011930.011860.584938100784435177159620.86
2005610.012660.012580.583931105683403168716220.1
2005620.014570.014460.582875119882276160375919.35
2005630.015220.015110.581677123481060152148218.63
2005640.016660.016530.580443132979778144042317.91
2005650.017750.017590.579113139278418136064417.2
2005660.019020.018840.577722146476989128222716.5
2005670.021080.020860.576257159175462120523715.8
2005680.022490.022240.574666166173836112977615.13
2005690.024580.024280.573006177372119105594014.46
2005700.027270.026910.57123319177027498382013.81
2005710.029460.029030.56931620126831091354613.18
2005720.032690.032160.56730421646622184523612.56
2005730.036250.03560.56513923196398077901511.96
2005740.038650.037920.56282023826162971503511.38
2005750.04220.041330.56043824985918965340610.81
2005760.04570.044680.55794025895664659421710.26
2005770.051760.050450.5553512792539555375719.71
2005780.05650.054950.5525592888511154836169.2
2005790.062230.060360.5496712998481724325018.71
2005800.067740.065520.5466733058451443843298.23
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