Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science
description
Transcript of Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science
The Philosophers
Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-AttasDEWESTERNIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE
What do we know? (al-Attas) Dynamic Sensible realities: Material or
physical entities Existence ( Mawjud) = Khalq al-jadid
Static Intelligible realities (Ma’qulat): Conceptual entities
Essence (Mahiyyah) Particular reality (Mawjud)
Matter (Maddiyah) Form (Suriyah)
Universal concept (Wujud)
Absolute Being: Wajib al-Wujud
What do we know? (al-Attas) Non Manifested Existence
The Absolute Being The Divine Oneness
Manifested Conceptual Existence Divine Unity The Name & Atributes Permanent Archetypes
Mnifested Physical Existence Exterior Achetypes World of Empirical things
How do we know? (al-Attas) Senses
External senses: Internal senses:
Common sense Representation Estimation Imagination
Intellect Active intellect: practical reason Cognitive intellect: theoretical reason
Why do we know? (al-Attas) To attain happiness Happiness (sa’adah)
In this world (dunyawiyyah) Self (nafsiyah) Body (badaniyyah) External things (karijiyyah)
In Hereafter (ukhrawiyah)
Seyyed Hossein NasrISLAMIC SCIENCE
What do we know? (Nasr)
God: the Ultimate Self Reality The Eternal Order The Human Self-awareness The Ordered Nature
Sanatana Dharma Philosophia Priscorium Al-Hikmat al-Khalidah
How do we know?
work love knowledge karma marga bhakti marga
jnana marga al-makhafah al-mahabbah al-
ma’rifah
hylikoi psychoi pneumatikoi muslim mu’min muhsin
Why do we know?
To attain Material happiness:
Being in peace and harmony with nature as the manifestation of Divine Majesty and Beauty
Spiritual happiness: return to the Divine Origin
Conclusion
Naquib al-Attas wants to islamize science by changing the materialistic paradigm with the traditional integrated metaphysics of Islam
Hossein Nasr wants to integrate modern science into the traditional sacred science
Both philosophers return the traditional hierarchy into the modern concept of reality