Graduation Research

Admn – 490

Level 8

)STEP – 2(

Consumer Experience Tourism and

Improve the Island of the Knights as a

Tourist Destination

Prepared by

Abeer Ebrahim znoom Maran Ali Dhubaya

Wedad Ahmed Bahi Hajar Mohmmed Mahdi

Ashjah Ali omar

College of Business Administration

Jazan University, Jizan, K. S. A.

1

Table of Contents:

page

Chapter I

1. Introduction 3

2. Assay Objectives 3

Chapter II

1. Review of literature 4

2. Etymology 5

3. History 6

4. Leisure travel 6

Chapter III

1. Factors Tourism 7

2. Types of Tourism 9

Chapter IV

1. Tourism in Saudi Arabia 10

2. Tourism in Jizan 11

3. Tourism on the island of the Furasan

12

Chapter V

1. How we can improve tourism in Farasan?

2

17

2. Marketing of Farsan Islands

18

References

19

GIFTGIFTDedicate to my family, my relatives and my friends

And girls to a promising future

BB particular to the

D / Marwa

D / Amal

D / Nazleda

Thanks and appreciation to all who contributed to the completion of our project

We thank the University of Jazan for all the assistance provided for us

The project to …………………….

3

Chapter I

1.Introduction

Islands of Farasanis ne of many islands of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

it is a Populated islands contain many tourism places and opportunities,

4

but the attention to the tourism industry with still a little, and here came

the problem of the study lies in the knowledge of tourist services and

facilities needed by tourists in the islands, so the study aimed to analyze

the characteristics of tourists, and their assessment of the services

available, to by identifying the services they need; to reach to the role of

public and private sector in the development of tourist services and

facilities to be FarasanIslands and favorite tourist destination for

tourists in the future, Results of the study to the conceptual plan for the

comprehensive services which they can convert to the FarasanIslands as

a tourist destination known at the local, regional and international

levels.

2.Assay Objectives

1 .To reviews the obstacles facing the development of tourism to the

island of Knights

2 .Providing a vision for the sector are interested in Tourism to work on

finding appropriate solutions.

3 .Highlight the patterns of tourism that can be developed tourist island

of the Farasan.

3 .Helps the integrity of the tourist attractions in the region and Put

some recommendations that can contribute to advancing the

development of tourism on the island of the Farasan.

5

Chapter II

1.Review of literature

Tourism :

6

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.

The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to

and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than

one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.

Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. In 2010, there

were over 940 million international tourist arrivals worldwide,

representing a growth of 6.6% when compared to 2009.[2] International

tourism receipts grew to US$919 billion (€693 billion) in 2010,

corresponding to an increase in real terms of 4.7%.[2] As a result of

the late-2000s recession, international travel demand suffered a strong

slowdown from the second half of 2008 through the end of 2009. After

a 5% increase in the first half of 2008, growth in international tourist

arrivals moved into negative territory in the second half of 2008, and

ended up only 2% for the year, compared to a 7% increase in 2007.

[3] This negative trend intensified during 2009, exacerbated in some

countries due to the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus, resulting in a

worldwide decline of 4.2% in 2009 to 880 million international tourists

arrivals, and a 5.7% decline in international tourism receipts.[4[

Tourism is important and in some cases vital for many countries, such

as France, Egypt, Greece, Lebanon, Israel, the United States, theUnited

Kingdom, Spain, Italy, and Thailand, and many island nations, such

as Mauritius, The Bahamas, Fiji, Maldives, Philippines and

theSeychelles. It brings in large amounts of income in payment

for goods and services available, contributing an estimated 5% to the

worldwidegross domestic product (GDP), and it creates opportunities

for employment in the service industries associated with tourism.

[2] These service industries include transportation services, such

7

as airlines, cruise ships and taxicabs; hospitality services, such

as accommodations, including hotels and resorts; and entertainment

venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music

venues and theatres.

2. Etymology

Theobald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is

derived from the Latin, 'tornare' and the Greek, 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe

or circle; the movement around a central point or axis'. This meaning

changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix –ism is

defined as 'an action or process; typical behaviour or quality', while the

suffix, –ist denotes 'one that performs a given action'. When the

word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist are combined, they suggest the

action of movement around a circle. One can argue that a circle

represents a starting point, which ultimately returns back to its

beginning. Therefore, like a circle, a tour represents a journey in that it

is a round-trip, i.e., the act of leaving and then returning to the original

starting point, and therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called

a tourist."[5[

In 1941, Hunziker and Krapf defined tourism as people who travel "the

sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay

of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and

are not connected with any earning activity."[6] [7] In 1976, the Tourism

Society of England's definition was: "Tourism is the temporary, short-

term movement of people to destination outside the places where they

normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each

destination. It includes movements for all purposes."[8]In 1981, the

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International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism defined

tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and

undertaken outside the home.[9[

In 1994, the United Nations classified three forms of tourism in

its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics:[10[

Domestic tourism, involving residents of the given country traveling

only within this country. Inbound tourism, involving non-residents

traveling in the given country. Outbound tourism, involving residents

traveling in another country.

3. History

Wealthy people have always travelled to distant parts of the world,

to see great buildings, works of art, learn new languages, experience

new cultures and to taste different cuisines. Long ago, at the time of

the Roman Republic, places such as Baiae were popular coastal resorts

for the rich. The word tourist was used by 1772[20] and tourism by

1811.[21] In 1936, theLeague of Nations defined foreign tourist as

"someone traveling abroad for at least twenty-four hours". Its successor,

the United Nations, amended this definition in 1945, by including a

maximum stay of six months.[5[

4. Leisure travel

Leisure travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in

the United Kingdom – the first European country to promote leisure

time to the increasing industrial population.[22] Initially, this applied to

the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the

9

factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class.

[22] Cox & Kings was the first official travel company to be formed in

1758.[23[

The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place

names. In Nice, France, one of the first and best-established holiday

resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade along the seafront is

known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic

resorts in continental Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have

names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic –

reflecting the dominance of English customers.

Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer

and winter. Places of such nature often visited are:

Bali in Indonesia, Colombia, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic

, Malaysia, Mexico the various Polynesian tropical islands, Queensland

in Australia, Thailand, Saint Tropez and Cannes in

France, Florida, Hawaii and Puerto Rico in the United States,

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Farasan, Trinidad and Tobago,

Jamaica, St.Lucia Saint Maarten, Saint Kitts and Nevis, The

Bahamas, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Turks and Caicos

Islands and Bermuda.

10

Chapter3

1. Factors Tourism

1.1 . Political Aspects

Security concerns over travel have had a serious impact on the travel

and tourism industry, leading to:

11

•Increased business failures

•Demise of certain destinations

•Loss of expected growth in other destinations

1.2 . Security and Safety Issues

Challenge is to protect travellers as they move across this huge industry

using:

•Rail

•Airports

•Hotels and restaurants

•Cruise ships

•Buses

•Airport security seen as priority, so attracts investment

•But this may leave traveller exposed to risks at other points in

their journey

•Expense of technological solutions to detect terrorists

•

1.3 . Health Aspects

•New epidemics have power to severely affect travel and tourism

industry:

•Impact of SARS in South Asia and Australasia

12

•Effect of Foot and Mouth Disease on tourism in UK

1.4 . Technological Change

• New transportation methods:

•Super ferries and cruise ships

•New land bridges

•Space tourism

•Continued growth of e-commerce:

•Only 5% of global population online currently

2. Types of Tourism

Adjectival tourism

Adjectival tourism refers to the numerous niche or specialty travel

forms of tourism that have emerged over the years, each with its own

adjective. Many of these have come into common use by the tourism

industry and academics.[26] Others are emerging concepts that may or

may not gain popular usage. Examples of the more common niche

tourism markets include:

•Agritourism

•Birth tourism

•Culinary tourism

•Cultural tourism

•Extreme tourism

•Medical tourism

•Nautical tourism

•Pop-culture tourism

•Religious tourism

•Slum tourism

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•Geotourism

•Heritage tourism

•LGBT tourism

•Space tourism

•War tourism

•

•Wildlife tourism :

Wildlife tourism can be an eco and animal friendly tourism, usually

showing animals in their natural habitat. Wildlife tourism, in its

simplest sense, is watching wild animals in their natural habitat.

Wildlife tourism is an important part of the tourism industries in many

countries including many African and South American countries,

Australia, India, Canada, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Malaysia and

Maldives among many. It has experienced a dramatic and rapid growth

in recent years world wide and is closely aligned to eco-tourism and

sustainable-tourism.Wildlife tourism is also a multi-million dollar

industry offering customized tour packages and safaris.

Geotourism is "best practice" tourism that sustains, or even

enhances, the geographical character of a place, such as

itsculture, environment, heritage, and the well-being of its residents.The

concept was introduced publicly in a 2002 report by the Travel Industry

Association of America (as of 2009 this organization adapted name to

U.S. Travel Association) and National Geographic Traveler magazine.

[1] National Geographic senior editor Jonathan B. Tourtellot and his

wife, Sally Bensusen, coined the term in 1997 in response to requests

14

for a term and concept more encompassing

than ecotourism and sustainable tourism.[2[

Cultural heritage tourism (or just heritage tourism or diaspora

tourism) is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of

the location where tourism is occurring. The National Trust for Historic

Preservation in the United States defines heritage tourism as “travelling

to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the

stories and people of the past," and cultural heritage tourism is defined

as “travelling to experience the places and activities that authentically

represent the stories and people of the past and present".

15

Chapter4

1.Tourism in Saudi Arabia

Tourism is a growing area of economic activity in the country which is

blessed with a wide range of climatic conditions, beautiful beaches,

16

public parks and gardens, recreational facilities, a state-of-the-art road

network and regular air flights. The most important tourist areas are

Shfa, Hada and Radf in the Taif area, as well as Asir and Al Bahah

regions, which are at elevations of up to 2500 meters above sea-level

and surrounded by Tihama and Al Sarat mountains. The Al Bahah area

also includes Raghdan and Wadi Almalad forests, Wadi Beeda and

Marzoog falls. The city of Jeddah at the Red Sea coast is another tourist

attraction with its beautiful beaches, coral reefs and marine life .

2. Tourism in Jizan

Jizan has grown from a rustic fishing town into one of Saudi Arabia's

major shipping ports. In spite of this growth, it still retains it's old world

coastal charm, with evocative forts, traditional boat-builders and souqs

specializing in local pottery. Jizan is the gateway to the Farasan Islands

- an aquatic wildlife reserve of outstanding clarity and beauty. Ferries

run from the fishing port and from the main harbor. Jizan Province is

located in the southwest of the Kingdom. There are more than 100

islands scattered along this section of coast, the most famous of which

is an archipelago called Farasan Islands. The province also stretches

inland through the rolling hills of the Tihama plain and into the foothills

of the Asir Mountains. The province features a range of different

landforms from coastal beaches to rolling, fertile hills, hot water springs

and forests.

As the seaport gateway to the south of the Kingdom, Jizan Province has

always been strategically important and is full of evidence of conquest

and valor. Forts and watch towers are dotted all over the province, as

well as examples of even earlier inhabitation with dozens of

archaeological sites from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, and early Islamic

17

periods to the present century.

The mineral rich province is a major source of saltpeter, cement and

plaster ores. There are several factories that produce foodstuffs,

building materials, chemicals, plastics, and metal works. The fecund

Tihama Plain and foothills of the Asir Mountains is also an important

producer of grain, vegetables, fruit, dates, and fodder. Animal produce

make Jizan an important. source of milk and honey.

Faifa Mountains are the highest point in the province with Al-Abseyah

being the highest town. Wadi Qa'a is a verdant oasis containing a

perennial waterfall There are three hot spas in the province. Ain Harrah

at Al Aridah and Ain Harrah at Harith, and a third hot spring in the

Damad area which has medicinal quality water.

3. Tourism on the island of the Furasan

farasan Islands, one of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Populated, numbering more than fifteen thousand.

There are many ancient monuments such as the Castle farasan

Some of the mosques and old buildings.

3.1 . Why was it called Farasan ?

Varies widely around the name of the island where Farasan and

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Some of them said was: Farasan of the title of a tribe of Arabs,

including Of the said Order of the name of the mountain, and so on.

3.2. Farasan Island site

Farasan island is one of the islands belonging to our beloved Kingdom

In the south-west, away from the city of Jazan

About 50 km approximately. And includes a large group of islands

Other Islands has a population of up to 84 Islands, almost

The length of the beaches about 216 km. The (Order of the Great)

Is the largest island in terms of area and population density.

3,3. Tourist Journey to Farasan

Farasan represent the richest diversity of life can be seen in the

Kingdom, Where wandering where hundreds of deer Farsani human,and

swirling Above different types of birds to large marine species

Flamingo and punishment Alencari Abu spoon, pass Dolphins And sea

turtles in its waters the net. It is rich in fisheries Pearl fish, and diverse

life, reefs and Water mussels and snails, which is rich in substance

Amber Crude, which is a source of livelihood for Some residents of the

island of the Knights. And Farasan Island of the richest areas of

mangrove forests Coastal waters are found in a group of coral Reefs are

rare, as they are rich in algae populations And seagrass beds, and

nesting sea turtles and birds

Marine shores.Farasan islands most beautiful areas suitable for tourism

Natural in the winter, where wildlife can continue Photographed and

navigate through their neighborhoods rich mangrove forests Diverse

marine, and is suitable for diving tourism And see the coral reefs and

seagrass beds And dolphins, and provides a good opportunity for the

19

exercise of fishing And water sports, as well as educational and

recreational camps

3.4. Reaching Farasan

There are two ways to reach the island, through the «words»,

and the trip takes three hours, and can accommodate up to 30

cars, and a section for men and another for women, and start the

journey every day at seven in the morning, a free way, and how

to reach second is the «Filokp», a length of nine meters, and the

trip takes about an hour, can accommodate 15 passengers, and

is limited to passenger and baggage only, and must provide a

minimum of passengers, about seven people, and pay 50 riyals

each passenger.

3.5. Staying in Farasan

The Farasan Islands certainly offer this; at home, for example, the

shower works, the roof does not leak and very possibly you have a table

to eat off. If you want five star auto-flunkies pandering to your every

need, then the delights of the Farasan Islands are definitely not for you.

On the other hand, if you want to experience tourism as it probably was

when the Baptist minister Thomas Cook first stepped out to organize a

temperance tour in 1841, then they are the place.

Jizan Port, the embarkation point for transshipment to the islands is a

sorry sight. Rusting hulks in the harbour, aged tugs and trawlers

festooned with washing and pelicans plus long-abandoned tramp

steamers tell a tale of “those who go down to the sea in ships” and then

leave them there to rot when business drops off.

20

The tiny “passenger ferries” — a hyperbole for an eight-meter skiff

with a plywood cabin and two enormous outboard engines hanging off

the back — are the fastest way of covering the few kilometers between

the port in Jizan and the one in Farasan. Document inspection for the

trip is carried out by coastguard officials, languidly but politely

rummaging through identity papers, giving the impression that it is

more for something to do than for reasons of security. After much

handshaking and “welcomes to Jizan,” we embarked from a greasy

quayside onto the ferry, but not before one of the bystanders asked me

to take a parcel of clothes to a Mr. Bafi at the Farasan Hotel. Touching

trust in a total stranger, I thought; just as it used to be. I was glad to

oblige.

We got our first taste of the concept of “involved tourism” that

characterizes the islands when we were asked to sit at the back of the

boat. The smiling pilot explained apologetically that only then would

the engines reach into the water. Once we were moving and the craft

leveled out, we were assured, all would be well. He was right of course

as he makes the journey tens of times a week.

Driven with consummate skill, born of long practice by a couple of

wiry Keralites, our ferry positively rocketed over slightly choppy sea

through a couple of rain-squalls. The journey took precisely an hour,

passing the ugly grey slab of the car ferry, looking much like a sea-

going breeze block going somewhere. Reception at Farasan port was as

fulsome as the departure from Jizan, Many hands assisted our

disembarkation, and the paper formalities were handled with

commendable dispatch. An assortment of vehicles from the general

“taxi” whipped us smartly along extremely well-maintained roads to the

Farasan Hotel.

21

We knew it was a hotel at once; it said so on the sign in large friendly

blue letters. It is also the only one and contrasts starkly with the rough

land it stands on by being almost completely covered with a rather

sudden shade of pink paint.

Although we had booked well in advance I perceived a sense of

delighted shock that we had actually turned up. Our group of ten filled

almost all the rooms available and seemed to have caught the amiable

Mr. Bafi on the front desk wrong-footed.

With impressive alacrity he had the paperwork and cash sorted out in

less time than it took us to lug — and I pondered that this was the

source of the word - the luggage through the doors.

Lunch was taken on the floor in a tent; the hotel does not run to a dining

room and this meal, like most other meals consisted of chicken, fresh

local fish and vegetables. None of the groaning buffets that go to waste

in glitzier establishments here, just plain “un-messed-about-with” food,

simply presented and fresh. The food at least had a table. Our own

personal one arrived the following morning.

In the middle of the night, we were awoken by dancing on the ceiling

accompanied by a tattoo of raindrops the size of golf balls and the

synchronized shouting of frenzied workers sweeping the water off the

roof of the single-story bedrooms.. Nodding in a sign of total

understanding and acceptance I asked him to arrange for the contents of

my suitcase to be dried and the bedclothes changed. “No problem, sir!”

It was said with such genuine goodwill and enthusiasm and an

assumption that I had not minded in the least being soaked and

entertained at 3.45 a.m. that on reflection, I actually hadn’t minded.

That’s what these people do to you: Get you involved.

The eponymous “desert island” is much overrated; it’s a scrap of desert

22

surrounded by water and it is also deserted. The Farasan Islands are

largely low, flat topped lumps of coral, peering cautiously a handful of

meters above the water. On the smaller islands, there are virtually no

beaches; the odd sandy cove is usually the best you will find. The long

tourist beach on the main island — and the one the guides

enthusiastically show as the tourist beach — is several kilometers of

clean white sand. A helpful picture on the coastguard shed near the

shore sends a confusing message. Perhaps the message is: “Divers;

please take all your corpses home with you.” You see what I mean?

Tourism is still a bit raw round the edges. But bless them, they are

trying very hard; the wordless notice is drawn with great effort and

good intent!

That said, to find another place like this, largely untouched by anything

more damaging than the odd fisherman and curious locals, you would

have to travel a long way. One glance at these bleak islands would

immediately send the sybarite scurrying 5-star hotel-wards in search of

some pampering.

To discover what the islands are about, you have to get involved; get

soaked in a bumpy boat ride on a bad day, scramble over wickedly

sharp un-weathered coral rocks and hear the silence. When the wind

drops, it is tangible. To wander on the larger beaches on sands with only

animal tracks and the occasional flock of flamingoes peering cautiously

at you from the shallows is to walk on the edge of the world. Otherwise

nervous sandpipers stroll casually away from your approach, disdaining

flight. It is simply magical - classic recherche de temps perdue.

The Farasan Islands are an archipelago of scores of islands, but few are

inhabited. The entire group has a population of only 16,000, most of

whom live on the main island. Any fame the islands have is for their

23

virtually untouched marine life — threatened now by visiting and

illegal scuba-equipped spear fishermen from Saudi Arabia — and

crystalline water. However, for even the casual or inexperienced

snorkeller, there is a treat in store. Shallow reefs cluster round the rocky

edges of the islands in water only a few meters depth. The abundance of

coral and the variety of marine creatures that live in symbiosis with the

reefs exceeds even the very good examples found off the Jeddah coast.

The clean water means that snorkelers can clearly see even the small

exotic creatures clearly. The scuba diver is in for a real treat. The local

boat drivers from the quay near the hotel know where the best spots are.

Bleak they may be to look at, but closer inspection reveals the history of

the archipelago. Located a few kilometers north of the Yemeni border

and near the main sea routes of the Red Sea, the islands’ strategic

potential has been obvious to generations of occupiers. Standing

slightly outside Farasan town on a rocky outcrop is a Turkish fort of

mid-nineteenth century vintage, constructed from locally mined coral

blocks.

In Farasan itself, the Turkish governor’s residence still stands, now

welcoming family who were delighted to show us the remarkably well-

preserved stuccowork and decoration.

Now it has been designated an architectural site by the Ministry of

Antiquities: living history at its best. On another of the islands is a fort

from a different era. Constructed during WWII, it was a German base

for monitoring activities in the Red Sea. Emulating the local traditional

architectural style, the fort is both camouflaged and in harmony with the

other, far older structures in the area. Returning to the mainland by the

same ferry in the failing evening light, the Farasans gave us a parting

glimpse of their “big skies.” For some reason, possibly because the

24

islands are so low and flat, the skies and their mackerel pattern clouds

seem that much bigger. The red ball of the sun quenching itself in a

glassy sea was a spectacular farewell to a destination mercifully

unattractive to the five-star traveler.

25

Chapter V

1. How we can improve tourism in

Farasan ?

1 .package tours - tours with quality and lower price

2 .publicize the country - build up an attractive and interesting website

exhibition booth

3 .advertisement - radios + tv + magazines + posters etc

4 .encourage internal tourism

5 .improved public facilities

2. Marketing of Farsan Islands

For the most part, the tourism industry involves the promotion of

services related to recreational and tourist activities. Some examples of

the services that are included in tourism marketing are transportation,

accommodations, food, beverage and entertainment. Generally, a

26

company using tourism marketing specializes in one aspect of tourism

rather than several aspects of marketing. For example, a tourism

company that offers water activities promotes its jet skis, surfboard and

kiteboard rentals, but it is unlikely that the same company is also

involved in and promoting food and beverage.

1. Do something about the state of the roads, you want tourists to come

here and spend lots of money hiring cars.

2. Erect proper sign posts to all the tourist attractions and beaches; there

is nothing worse than driving around aimlessly trying to find

somewhere. Do you think tourists find it fun to drive around lost trying

to find places?

3. Encourage and give incentives for people to start quality and

innovative tourist attractions, I personally feel there is a severe lack of

quality places to go and visit in Farasan. I read the other day that there

are more tourist attractions than the whole of the Caribbean put

together! Don’t get me wrong there are some amazing places to visit in

Farasan, such as Cave and the various historic sites, the many beaches,

however there needs to be more.

4. Improve customer service within the tourism sector all over the

island, in the hotels, bars, restaurants, tourist attractions etc, in fact

everywhere that serves or deals with people. I have heard numerous

people complain about the attitudes and bad manners of people working

in the service industry in Farasan.

5. Do something about the litter problem in Farasan, especially on the

beaches, rid the island of all those rusty cars that are all over the place.

27

Epilogue

Tourism is one of the most significant initiatives

of economic and administrative reformation that

was adopted by the government of the Kingdom

of Saudi Arabia within a planned intensive

reformation program. And an economic

restructure for overcoming development

obstacles. All of which included in the Saudi

Cabinet resolution No., (9) dated 17/04/2000 on

"considering tourism as productive sector aiming

28

at convincing the Saudi tourist to spend his

vacation inside the Kingdom". Besides increasing

investment opportunities, developing and

upgrading national human resources. Accordingly,

tourism development is considered a national

economic project.

To concern of Saudi tourism through organization,

development and promotion, to enhance the role

of tourism sector, overcoming growth obstacles as

this sector is considered an important tributary for

national economy. All of which must comply with

the noble position and values of the Kingdom.

The goal is also meant to concern on antiquities

and preserving them and to increase their

contribution in the cultural and economical

development process as well as concerning on

museums, and to uplift archeological works in the

Kingdom in general, while private sector is

assuming the major role by establishing tourism

29

investment facilities

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