CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

B.E.A.T Consultancy Sdn. Bhd.

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View of construction activities in progress

SCOPE• Definition and Legislative needs• Construction base activities• Tools & Machinery that usually use• Construction site hazard• Types of accident• Safety & health management for

construction

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DEFINITIONFACTORY & MACHINERY ACTS

1967(Building Operations and works of

Engineering Construction) (Safety Regulations 1986)

Define the Building Operation:• construction, structure renovation,

recovery for building (renovation, external clearance for the building) and building demolition. 4

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Legislation Needs

1) OSHA 1994 • Employer general duty

– Employ Safety & Health Officer– Duty to formulate Safety and Health Policy

(section 16) – Form a Safety & health Committee (section

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OSH Act (Safety & Health Officer) Regulations, 1996

– Registered with DOSH

Legislation Needs

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Legislation Needs

Safety and Health officer Order 1997

– S&H Officer if the project value exceeded RM20 million whether fro:

a) Building operationb) Construction Engineering

2) FMA 1967• General provision involving machinery

qualification, Installation and occupational (under FMA 1967);

• FMA regulation ( Building operation and Works of Engineering Construction (Safety) Regulations, 1986

– Safety & Health provision for activities, tools and employer.

Legislation Needs

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Activity in Construction Site

• Piling• Concrete work• Demolition• Bricks absorbing

• wire installation/ electric cable, tube

• welding• handling/

transportation for construction substance

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• Installation

• form work• painting

• raw materials transportation

• cleaning• machine operation

Activity in Construction Site (Cont)

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Machinery/tools on construction SiteMACHINERY USES

Crane (Moving/tower) / Skip hoist

Lifting objects

Passenger hoist Lifting employee

Bending machineCutting machine

cut iron, wood and plywood

Excavator Burrow ground (hole/pit)Piling machine & frame planting column / construction structure

Lifting Lorry Lifting Construction substance Cement lorry (Batching plant)

Cement transportation

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Equipment in Construction Site

• hand apparatus easy authority tools (hammer, chisel)

• stairs• scaffold (stay & move)• Air Compressor• Hammer /Drill • Generator set• welding tools

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Scaffold – 65m tall

Construction Hazard• heat• noise• Mineral dust• mechanical• electric• radiation• chemical substance

• ergonomic problem• biological• work at height• work in narrow space• lightning• Suffocation

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Types of Accidents in Construction Site• fall from height• fall from same level• structure collapse• electric shock• wedged between object• Suffocation • Collide/hit with falling object

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Fall from Height

• Stairs• Work Platform • roof (top)

• through aperture floor

• open edge

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Causes Factor • No fences

• no equipment checking

• equipment installing is not competent

• no safety harness

• Stair design failure

• Stair in wrong position

Fall from Height

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Fall on the same Level

• wire on the floor

• slippery floor

Causes Factor:• no cleanliness at workplace

• no equipment storage

• No cleanliness performing

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Structure Collapse• Accident during working /formworkCauses Factor :• No ground adherent installation• no guidelines and job procedure • excess load• structure failure

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Electric shock

Causes Factor:• touching electric

current through damage cable

• damage equipment• no prevention

equipment for electric tool

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Suffocation • narrow spaces (tank, small room, etc..)

• shortage of oxygen

• water pondCauses :• no adequate ventilation

• no exhaust vacuum

• no guidelines for safe working system

• no training and lack of knowledge

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Collide with Vehicles

Causes :• No special passage for employee• No fences• No regulation or traffic enforcement in the

area• No vehicle checking• Driver are not trained

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Safety & Health Management in Construction

Strategy:• form a safety & health Committee

• Recognize the hazard in work are

• define the risk

• Plan & arrange Safety & Health Steps

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Employer control :• legislate safety & health policy

• hire Safety & Health Officer (depends to cost appraisal project)

• hire site base Safety Supervisor

• Re-enforce the safety rules in work

Safety & Health Management in Construction

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• Supervise high risk activities • Provide safety & health training to all employees• Provide PPE to employees• Provide a safety procedure for all activities• Provide right & safe equipment• Investigate any accident that happen• Checks work area • Create a communication system• Warning sign

Safety & Health Management in Construction

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Construction safetySummary• Variety activities on construction site

are potential to cause hazard and accident

• There are Safety & health Legislative under FMA 1967 & OSHA 1994

• Employer should manage all the safety and health to ensure employee safety and obey the need of legislation

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Maintained good housekeeping

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Identify 10 hazards in this slide

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Identify 10 hazards on this slide

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Questions

• What is the related regulation associated with safety in the construction industry?

• What are the three legal requirements stipulated in the BOWEC?

• Who are the workers covered under the OSHA 1994?• Who are not covered under OSHA 1994 and why?• What is the requirement of SHO as stipulated in OSHA

1994?• What is the composition of Safety and Health committee

as stipulated in the OSHA 1994?• What are the functions of the safety and health policy as

stipulated in OSHA 1994?

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Questions

• What is the roles and responsibilities as stipulated in the safety and health committee regulations 1996?

• Under which section of the OSHA 1994 that employer must formulate the safety and health policy?

• What are the hazards that workers may encounter while working in the confined space?

• What are the safety requirements as stipulated in the BOWEC?