Construction IndustryTop 10 Most Frequently Cited

Serious Hazards in FY 2009

Objectives

Reveal the Top Ten most-frequently cited serious Construction Industry Standards FY- 2009.

The Top Ten List includes data about the citations/violations issued from October 1, 2008, through September 30, 2009.

N.C. Department of Labor

OSHDivision

East andWest

Compliance Bureaus

Agricultural Safety

and Health Bureau

Education,Training

and Technical

AssistanceBureau

Consultative Services Bureau

Planning,Statistics

andInformation

ManagementBureau

Most fatalities on construction sites can be categorized into four groups by cause: Falls

Struck by object

Crushed by object/equipment

Electrocution

The Big Four

Occupational Fatality Investigation Review (OFIR) Fatal Events (October 1, 2008 – September 30, 2009) FY 2009 (41 Fatalities)

Frequent InspectionsNumber 1: Accident prevention responsibilities

Provide for frequent and regular inspections of the job sites, materials, and equipment to be made by competent persons designated by the employers.

1926.20(b)(2)

Competent person One who is capable of identifying

existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

Frequent Inspections 1926.20(b)(2)

Frequent Inspections

Nails

1926.20(b)(2)

Would you question the frequency of inspections at this location?

Frequent Inspections 1926.20(b)(2)

Would you question the frequency of inspections at this location?

Fall Protection

Number 2: Residential construction Provide employee fall protection when 6 feet

or more above lower levels.

1926.501(b)(13)

Fall Protection

Does he have fall protection?

1926.501(b)(13)

Examples of Fall Protection

Guardrail System

Safety NetPersonal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)

1926.501(b)(13)

Personal Protective Equipment

Number 3: Eye and face protection Provide employees with eye and face protection when

machines or operations present potential eye or face injury from physical, chemical, or radiation agents.

1926.102(a)(1)

Eye and Face Protection 1926.102(a)(1)

Examples of Eye and Face Protection

Welding Helmet

Safety Glasses

Face Shield

Use of Portable Ladders

Number 4: Portable ladders When portable ladders are used for access to an

upper landing surface, they must extend 3 feet above landing or be properly secured to access upper landing surface.

1926.1053(b)(1)

Portable ladder not extended at least 3 feet above/secured to upper landing surface.

1926.1053(b)(1)Use of Portable Ladders

Use of Portable LaddersPortable ladder not extended 3 feet

above/secured to upper landing surface.

1926.1053(b)(1)

Fall Protection

Number 5: Unprotected sides and edges Employees shall be protected where

walking/working surfaces are 6 feet or more above lower level.

1926.501(b)(1)

Unprotected Sides and EdgesAny side or edge (except at entrances to points

of access) of a walking/working surface, e.g., floor, roof, ramp, or runway where there is no wall or guardrail system at least 39 inches high. 1926.500(b)(2)

1926.501(b)(1)

Lack of fall protection on unprotected sides and edges

Unprotected Sides and Edges 1926.501(b)(1)

Fall Protection – Steep Roofs

Number 6: Steep roofs Each employee on a steep roof with unprotected

sides and edges 6 feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems with toe-boards, safety net systems, or PFAS.

Steep roof means a roof having a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal).

1926.501(b)(11)

No fall protection

1926.501(b)(11)Fall Protection – Steep Roofs

Fall Protection – Steep Roofs 1926.501(b)(11)

Personal Protective Equipment

Number 7: Head injury protection Employees working in areas where there is a

possible danger of head injury from impact, or from falling or flying objects, or from electrical shock and burns, shall be protected by protective helmets.

» Protective helmets must comply with ANSI Z89.1-1969.

1926.100(a)

Lack of head protection for workers with potential head injury hazards.

1926.100(a)Head Injury Protection

Head Injury Protection 1926.100(a)

Number 8: Training Employer shall provide a training program for each

employee who might be exposed to fall hazards.

Fall Protection - Training 1926.503(a)(1)

1926.503(a)(1)

Workers should know how to properly wear equipment.

Workers should know where to tie off.

Fall Protection - Training

Is equipment inspected?

Is equipment properly maintained?

1926.503(a)(1)Fall Protection - Training

Scaffolding - Platform AccessNumber 9: Platform access

When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access

» Use portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist or similar surface for access.

» Note: Cross braces shall not be used as a means of access.

1926.451(e)(1)

Improper scaffold platform access

1926.451(e)(1)Scaffolding - Platform Access

Portable ladder used to access scaffold platform

1926.451(e)(1)Scaffolding - Platform Access

Scaffolding with inner stairway for climbing

1926.451(e)(1)Scaffolding - Platform Access

Scaffolding with attached ladder on side

1926.451(e)(1)Scaffolding - Platform Access

Scaffolding - Fall ProtectionNumber 10: Guardrail systems

Guardrail systems shall be installed along open sides and ends of platforms.

1926.451(g)(4)(i)

Mobile scaffolding showing employee protected by a guardrail.

1926.451(g)(4)(i)Scaffolding - Fall Protection

Scaffolding with unprotected workers.

1926.451(g)(4)(i)Scaffolding - Fall Protection

Summary

In this course, we discussed the Top Ten most-frequently cited serious standards for the construction industry in FY 2009.

You should now understand and be able to identify hazards associated with the Top Ten most cited serious OSH violations in the

construction industry.

Summary

Number 1: 1926.20(b)(2) - Frequent inspections; provide frequent and regular inspections of the job sites, materials, and equipment by competent persons designated by the employers.

Number 2: 1926.501(b)(13) - Fall protection; employee protected 6 feet or more above lower level in residential construction.

Number 3: 1926.102(a)(1) - Eye and face protection; general requirement for eye and face protection when machines or operations present eye or face injury.

Summary

Number 4: 1926.1053(b)(1) - Use of portable ladders; must extend 3 feet above landing or be property secured to access upper landing surface.

Number 5: 1926.501(b)(1) - Fall protection; employees on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet or more above lower levels shall have fall protection.

Number 6: 1926.501(b)(11) - Fall protection; employees on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet or more above lower levels shall have fall protection.

Summary

Number 7: 1926.100(a) - PPE; employees working in areas where there is a possible danger of head injury shall be protected by protective helmets.

Number 8: 1926.503(a)(1) - Fall protection training; employer shall provide a training program for each employee who might be exposed to fall hazards.

Number 9: 1926.451(e)(1) - Scaffolding; proper access provided to scaffold platforms that are more than 2 feet above or below access point.

Summary

Number 10: 1926.451(g)(4)(i) - Guardrail systems shall be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms.

Construction Industry

Injuries

Fatalities

Thank You For Attending!

Final Questions?