Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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PowerPoint presentation

Construction Drawings

1.1 1.2 1.4

Unit 101/501: Principles of Building Construction, Information and Communication

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Objectives

To be able to:

1.1 Identify information sources used in construction

1.2 Identify the scale to use with drawings in relation to BS1192

1.4 State the purpose of datums in construction

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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In the construction industry there are numerous different types of documents used, ranging from drawings to specifications to delivery notes and invoices.

ALL documentation should be stored safely so that it can be referred to later, if needed: for example, if a dispute arises about payment of goods, or if a similar job needs pricing.

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Scaled Drawings

It is impractical to draw buildings and plots of land to their full size. They would not fit on the paper!

Instead, they are SCALED: they are drawn to a smaller, reduced size.

The size they are reduced will be a RATIO of the real item:

Half size is a 1:2 ratio

Ten times smaller = 1:10

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Block Plan / Location Plan

Block plans identify the site in relation to the surrounding district, including adjoining roads and boundary lines.

Block plans are taken from local authority’s Ordnance Survey map records.

Block plans are usually produced to a scale of 1:2500 or 1:1250.

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Site Plan

Site plans are usually produced to a scale of 1:100 and 1:500 and show the position of the building and general layout of drainage and sewers, services, site footpaths, access/driveways etc.

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Floor Plans,

Elevations and

Sections

These drawings are usually produced to a scale of 1:200, 1:100 or 1:50.

They show how the building is constructed, locating the principal elements and components (walls, floors, stairs, windows, roof etc).

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Floor Plans

Building plans are a bird’s eye view of the building, showing:

• Overall dimensions

• Position of internal walls, room sizes, door and window openings

• Position of fitments, baths, sinks

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Elevations

Elevations show:

• External finish to walls and roof

• Position of window and door openings

• DPC

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Sections• Show the building ‘cut’

through on an imaginary line

• Provide vertical dimensions

• Provide details of the whole fabric of the building and how it is constructed: the foundations, walls, roof, damp proof membranes and ground levels.

• Shows the heights of floors and doorways

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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Detail Drawings

Detail drawings show all the information that is required to manufacture a particular component (door, window stairs, etc).

The scales most commonly used are 1:10, 1:5, 1:1.

If not full size, then joiners will produce a 1:1 rod from these drawings in order to manufacture the component.

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

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DatumsA datum is a fixed point from which all measurements are taken.

On a construction site, the datum will be a permanent Ordnance Bench Mark (OBM).

Carpenters will be expected to strike their own Temporary Bench Marks (TBMs). This datum line will be a horizontal base line (normally 1 metre) from which all other heights are then measured (for example, down from the datum line to mark out for kitchen worktops and up to mark up for wall cabinets).

A datum is used to reduce errors when marking out and measuring.