Consonants and Singing

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CONSONANTS

description

A presentation on the conson

Transcript of Consonants and Singing

Page 1: Consonants and Singing

CONSONANTS

Page 2: Consonants and Singing

CONSONANTS DEFINED

A sound that stops or interferes with the flow of breath.

Well sung consonants are precise, quick, energetic, and provide definition of the vocal line

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CLASSIFICATION OF CONSONANTS

1. Voicing: Are they voiced or unvoiced?

2. Place of Articulation

3. Manner of articulation

{Think of consonants as having three names – first, middle, last}

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VOICED OR NOT?

Either voiced or unvoiced – if it has pitch or not

[feel your throat to know the difference]

z vs. s

b vs. p

d vs. t

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PLACE OF ARTICULATION

Labial or Bi-labial: LIPS

Labio-dental: top teeth touching bottom lip (v)

Dental: teeth – Italian D or Italian T

Alveolar: gum ridge

Palatal: Hard palate

Velar: soft palate

Glottis: Space between vocal folds

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MANNER OF ARTICULATION

Manner of articulation – what happens to the structures that are involved.

PLOSIVES

FRICATIVES

NASALS

LATERALSGLIDES

AFFRICATIVES

See text book on page 130

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PLOSIVES

The airflow is prevented from passing through the mouth or nose and is suddenly released

Pairs of consonants that are only differentiated by their voicing:

[p] and [b]

[t] and [d]

[k] and [g]

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PLOSIVES

[p] and [b]

WHERE?????

[t] and [d]

WHERE?????

[k] and [g]

WHERE?????

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PLOSIVES

[p] and [b]

BI-LABIAL

[t] and [d]

ALVEOLAR

[k] and [g]

VELAR

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LOOK AT PAGE 133 IN BOOK

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[b]

Sound in context: back, about, web

Spellings: best

1. But who may abide the day of his coming

2. We are climbing Jacob’s ladder

3. Brett burned Brian’s buttered breakfast biscuits

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[p]

Sound in context: push, depend, stop

Spellings: pest

1. The everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace

2. Oh the deep, deep love of Jesus

3. Perky Patty picks pretty pink posies

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[d]

Sound in context: deaf, widow, sad

Spellings: done

1. And the ears of the deaf unstopped

2. O Sacred Head, now wounded

3. Doleful David disavows dapper Dan’s disclaimer

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[t]

Sound in context: took, seated, bright

Spellings: ton, kissed

1. O thou that tellest good tidings to Zion

2. Comfort, comfort ye my people

3. Tiny tots attain terribly tattered mittens

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[g]

Sound in context: give, begun, big

Spellings: ghost, got

1. Glory to God in the highest

2. God of grace and God of glory

3. Good girls get great gag gifts

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[k]

Sound in context: cost, become, walk

Spellings: cot, chorus, sick, keep, unique

1. Speak ye comfortably to Jerusalem, and cry unto her

2. Come, all Christians, be committeed

3. Ken’s calm cow comforted Kathie’s kicking, crying calves

Common problem: substitution of unvoiced [k] for voiced [g]. “Vigor” should now sound like “vicar”

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FRICATIVES (WALL, 161)

A fricative consonant is one in which the air flow is partially interrupted as it passes through the vocal tract, thus producing a noisy sound. Because they can be sustained, they are called continuants. There are four pairs of cognates plus [h].

[v] vs. [f]

[ð] vs [ɵ]

[z] vs [s]

[ʒ] vs [ʃ]

[h]

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REMEMBERING THE MIDDLE NAME

[v] vs. [f] voiced or unvoiced labio-dental fricative

[ð] vs [ɵ] voiced or unvoiced dental fricative

[z] vs [s] voiced or unvoiced alveolar ridge fricative

[ʒ] vs [ʃ] voiced or unvoiced palatal fricative

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[h]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation:

Manner of articulation

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[h]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation: ɡlottis

Manner of articulation: fricative

Common problems: over aspiration; pushing too much air through the glottis, resulting in breathiness.

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NASALS

Three nasal consonants:

[m]

[n]

[ŋ]

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[m]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation:

Manner of articulation

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[m]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation: Bilabial

Manner of articulation: Nasal

Common Problems: Insufficient nasal resonance. The [m] sound should be well hummed up through the nose in speech and singing. Also – inadequate duration. (causes muffledness)

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[n]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation:

Manner of articulation

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[n]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation: alveolar

Manner of articulation: nasal

Common problems: insufficient nasal resonance; inadequate duration

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[ŋ]

It has a name: [ɛŋ]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation:

Manner of articulation

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[ŋ]

Voiced or Unvoiced?

Place of articulation: back of tonɡue and soft palate (VELAR)

Manner of articulation: Nasal

Common problems: insufficient nasal resonance; inadequate duration; substitution of [n] for [ŋ]

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Words with [ŋ]

(see Wall, p. 157)

Hanging [hæŋ ɪŋ]

Singing [sɪŋ ɪŋ]

Long [lɔŋ]

Finger [fɪŋ ɡər]

Single [sɪŋ ɡəl]

Bank [bæŋk]

Drunk [drʌŋk]