Conservation of Moisture The Moisture Equation. Equation of State 1 st Law of Thermodynamics...
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Transcript of Conservation of Moisture The Moisture Equation. Equation of State 1 st Law of Thermodynamics...
Conservation of Moisture
The Moisture Equation
• Equation of State• 1st Law of Thermodynamics (Conservation of
Energy)• Moisture Equation (Conservation of
Moisture)• Continuity Equation (Conservation of Mass)• Equations of Motion (Conservation of
Momentum)– Coming to an ATMS 251 lab near you on March 22
Hydrologic Cycle – What can happen to moisture?
Moisture Equation
• Mathematical representation of what can happen to water in a column of the atmosphere
POEIdt
dS
Moisture Inflow fromatmosphere
Evapotranspirationfrom ground
Moisture Outflow from column
PrecipitationChange of moisturestorage in the column
Precipitable Water
• The vertical integral of the specific humidity for a column of atmosphere
• Represents the upper limit to the total precipitation that may fall
• Units: m (mm)
N
iii pq
gPW
1
1
Sum up the number of levels
Average Specific Humidityfor the layer
Pressure Interval
This will yield the precipitable water in units of kg/m2. To get PW inunits of meters, divide by the density of water (ρw=1000 kg/m3)
w
mkgPWmPW
)/(
)(2
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/IMAGES/images/amsua_tpw_des.gif
Moisture Advection
• Of course, moisture can be transported horizontally and vertically in the atmosphere– Moisture Advection
z
qw
y
qv
x
quqV
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/guides/mtr/af/adv/gifs/madv1.gif