Conservation and management of natural resources and sustainable environment

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Definition Natural Resources are all that exists

without the actions of humankind. This includes all natural characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, and electrical properties and forces. On earth we include sunlight, atmosphere, water, land (includes all minerals) along with all vegetation and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances.

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Environment refer to the physical

and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an organism or a group of organisms

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Definition

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1700-1800’s- a time of plenty

• In recent years, the depletion of natural resources has become a major focus of governments and organizations such as the United Nations (UN).

• The depletion of natural resources is considered to be a sustainable development issue.

• Depletion is of concern for sustainable development as it has the ability to degrade current environments and potential to impact the needs of future generations.

The conservation of natural resources is the fundamental problem. Unless we solve that problem, it will avail us little to solve all

others. Theodore Roosevelt

• Depletion of natural resources is associated with social inequity.

• Most biodiversity are located in developing countries, depletion of this resource could result in losses of ecosystem services for these countries

Conservation in the 19th Century

• Need for conservation of land and resources became evident:

– Trees disappeared

– Soils were eroded

List the various ways you depend on energy in a typical day

From global warming and climate change problems:

• Disaster

• Flood

• Landslide

• Drought

• Effects to human health

• etc.

Stop the problem!

Appropriate behavior in natural resource consumption

To reduce and solve the global warming

People will be done and have the appropriate behavior in the consumption of natural resources

1. Reduction of fossil fuel usage 2. Reduction of water usage 3. Reduction of electricity consumption 4. Reduction of other energy 5. Renewable energy 6. Waste minimization

1. Reduction of fossil fuel usage

How could your use of fossil fuel be reduced? • Fossil fuel is coal, oil and natural gas, all being

used in travel, industry, and to generate electricity, and all adding carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

• Countries can reduce fossil fuel use by moving to renewable energy (solar, wind, water, hydro, tidal and wave, geothermal, ocean thermal, biomass, biofuel and hydrogen).

You personally can reduce your fossil fuel use if you… 1. Reduce your use of electricity 2. Stop driving a car and use public transport 3. Turn off all lights and appliances at the wall when you leave the room 4. Walk short distances, Use a bicycle 5. Drive your vehicle in the economy range (70-80 km/hr) 6. Turn off the engine when parking a car, leave for 10 minutes, loss fuel about 200 cc.

2. Reduction of water usage

• Saving water at home does not require any significant cost outlay. Although there are water-saving appliances and water conservation systems.

• The average toilet uses 4 gallons per flush (gpf).

Water conservation in the home... 1. Check faucets and pipes for leaks 2. Don't use the toilet as wastebasket

Every time you flush a cigarette butt, facial tissue or other small bit of trash, five to

seven gallons of water is wasted.

3. Install water-saving shower heads and low-flow faucet aerators. 4. Take shorter showers.

One way to cut down on water use is to turn off the shower after soaping up, then

turn it back on to rinse. A four-minute shower uses approximately 20 to 40 gallons of water.

5. Turn off the water after you wet your toothbrush

3. Reduction of electricity consumption

• Turn your refrigerator down. • Make sure that its energy saver switch is turned on. Also,

check the gaskets around your refrigerator/freezer doors to make sure they are clean and sealed tightly.

Home appliances

15 cm

Air Conditioning 1. Setting Your Thermostat for Maximum Energy Savings 2. Keeping Your Home Cool Naturally

There are natural ways that you can keep your house cooler reducing the workload of your air conditioner and saving energy in the process.

3. Temperature 25-27 C

4. Reduction of other energy consumption

• Using less paper can also save you money. The indirect savings can be 10 times the cost of the paper alone.

• These include reducing the costs of technology like photocopy toner and printer ink.

• Paper is a valuable natural resource and using it carefully will make you feel better than being wasteful.

Printing • Think before you print. Do you really need to print it? • If you only need one page of a document, only print that. • Proofread your work carefully before printing it. • You can print on both sides of the paper with most

modern printers.

Home • Use cloth napkins. • Reusable plates are better than paper plates which are

better than plastic plates.

5. Renewable energy

Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are continually replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat

• Biomass is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. It most often refers to plants or plant-derived materials.

• As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms of biofuel.

(1) Biomass, ชีวมวล

oil palm rice husk

bagasse

(2) Biogas, แก๊สชีวภาพ • Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the breakdown of

organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It is a renewable energy source, like solar and wind energy. Furthermore, biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials such as recycled waste.

• Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic bacteria or fermentation of biodegradable materials

• such as manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops.[1] It is primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and moisture.

Manure Garbage

• Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity. • Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.

(3) Solar power, พลังงานสุริยะ

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electrical power, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships.

Shepherds Flat Wind Farm, Oregon, USA

(4) Wind power

Hydro-power or water power is power derived from the energy of falling water and running water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes.

(5) Hydro-power or Water power

6. Waste Minimization

• Waste minimization is the process and the policy of reducing the amount of waste produced by a person or a society.

• Waste minimization involves efforts to minimize resource and energy use during manufacture.

• In Thailand, 8Rs

8 Rs Reduce

Reject Repair

Refill Reuse

Recycle Rethink

Revalue

Highbury stadium; London, 2004

Clepham common; London, 2004

South Kensington Park, 2004

London, 2004

Exercise

How can water be conserved?

Answer the following questions: