Connective Tissue Overview
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Transcript of Connective Tissue Overview
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Connective Tissue Overview
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Name 2 types of epithelial tissue and their function.
Bell Ringer: 9.4.2013
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Connective Tissue· Found everywhere in the body· Includes the most abundant and widely
distributed tissues· Functions
· Binds body tissues together· Supports the body· Provides protection· Insulates to maintain body temperature· Transportation of other molecules
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1. common origin- all arise from embryonic tissue (mesenchyme)
2. Degrees of vascularity- cartilage is avascular while other types have rich blood supply
3. Extracellular matrix- connective tissue more able to bear weight, withstand tension, and endure abuses because unlike other tissues it is not made up mostly of cells.
Most abundant tissue in body
Special Characteristics
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3 Main ElementsStructural Characteristics
Ground Substance: unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains the fibers. This is consists mostly of fluid and proteins. Fibers: provide support. • 3 types: collagen, elastic and
reticular fibers. • Collagen fibers: protein. Extremely tough
and provide high tensile strength. (white)• Elastic fibers: long and thin that form
branches. Elastin protein. Moves like a rubber band. (yellow) Found in skin, lungs, blood vessels.
• Reticular Fibers: very fine fibers that branch extensively. Surround small blood vessels and support tissue of organs.
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Cells- composed of many types1. Blast Cells: undifferentiated cells
-fibroblast- chondroblast-osteoblast-hematopoietic stem cells
2. Fat Cells- nutrient storage3. Blood cells- defense4. Plasma Cells-produce antibodies5. Macrophages- dispose of dead tissue cells
and act in immune response
Structural Characteristics Cont.
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Types of Connective Tissue
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Types of Connective Tissue
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Types of Connective TissueConnective Tissue Proper
Loose (Areolar) Connective TissueAdipose Tissue Dense Connective Tissue
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Loose Connective TissueFibers not abundantExtensive blood supply Examples of locations
Between skin and musclesAround digestive tractAround blood vessels
“Packing material” of body
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Adipose TissueStill loose connective tissueMost of the volume is adipocytesProvides padding, slows heat loss, food
reserveLocations
Common under skin of sides, gluteal, and mammary regions
Wherever there is loose connective tissue
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Adipose Tissue
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Dense Connective TissueLots of collagen fibersExamples
Tendons (muscle bone)Ligaments (bone bone)
Some has elastic fibers
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Supportive Connective Tissue:Cartilage & Bone
CartilageDense network of collagenous fibers & elastic
fibers in a gel-like substanceAvascular…repair capabilities limitedCells –
chondrocytes in lacunaechondroblasts
Perichondrium – surrounds surface of cartilage
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Hyaline CartilageMost commonProvides flexibility and supportLocations
Ends of bones larynxTrachea, embryonic skeletonConnecting ribs to sternum
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FibrocartilageVisible collagenous fibers with scattered
chondrocytesProvides strength and rigidityLocations
Intervertebral discsSymphysis pubis
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Elastic CartilageResilient and flexible
External ear(pinna)EpiglottisAuditory tube
Tolerates distortion without damage
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Supportive Connective Tissue:Cartilage & Bone
Bone (aka osseous tissue)Solid matrix (solid Ca cpds)Cells –
Osteocytes in lacunaeOsteoblasts
Periosteum surrounds surface of bone
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Bone
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Table 4.3
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Fluid Connective Tissue: BloodFunctions
Transport mediumRegulation Protection
CompositionPlasma – fluid Formed elements – cells & cell fragments
Red blood cellWhite blood cellPlatelets (important in clotting)
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Red Blood Cells
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A White Blood Cell