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Ramnish SinghIT AdvisorMicrosoft Corporation

Network & Storage Virtualization

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Storage Virtualization

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Storage virtualization: Process of abstracting logical storage from physical storage.

Key Concepts

Address space remapping

Meta-data

I/O redirection


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CapabilitiesReplication

Remote data replicationSynchronous MirroringAsynchronous Mirroring

Point-In-Time snapshots

Pooling

Disk ManagementThin ProvisioningDisk expansion and shrinking


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BenefitsNon-disruptive data migrationImproved utilizationFewer points of management

RisksBacking out a failed implementationInteroperability and vendor supportComplexityMeta-data managementPerformance and scalability


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Host-based

Storage device-based

Network-based

Implementation Approaches

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Use specific device driversEvery OS has its own logical volume manager

ProsNo additional hardware or infrastructure requirements Simple to design and code Supports any storage type Improves storage utilization without thin provisioning restrictions

ConsStorage utilization optimized only on a per host basis Replication and data migration only possible locally to that host Software is unique to each operating system No easy way of keeping host instances in sync with other instances

Host Based

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Storage controller provides the virtualization services Provide pooling and meta-data management services

ProsNo additional hardware or infrastructure requirements Provides most of the benefits of storage virtualization

ConsStorage utilization optimized only across the connected controllers Replication and data migration only possible across the connected controllers and same vendors device for long distance support Downstream controller attachment limited to vendors support matrix I/O Latency, non cache hits require the primary storage controller to issue a secondary downstream I/O request

Storage device-based

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Storage controller provides the virtualization services Provide pooling and meta-data management services

ProsTrue heterogeneous storage virtualization Caching of data (performance benefit) is possible when in-band Single management interface for all virtualized storage Replication services across heterogeneous devices

ConsComplex interoperability matrices - limited by vendors support Difficult to implement fast meta-data updates in switched devices Out-of-band requires specific host based software In-band may add latency to I/O In-band the most complication to design and code

Network-based

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Appliance based Dedicated hardware devices that provide SAN connectivity of one form or anotherSit between the hosts and storage I/O requests are targeted at the appliance itselfMost implementations provide some form of clustering of individual appliances

Switch basedReside in the physical switch hardware used to connect the SAN devicesSit between the hosts and storage Difficult to ensure atomic updates of meta-data in a switched environment and services requiring fast updates of data

Appliance-based vs. Switch-based

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In-bandIn-band, also known as symmetric, virtualization devices actually sit in the data path between the host and storageI/O requests and their data pass through the deviceHosts perform I/O to the device directly and never interact with the storage itself

Out-of-bandOut-of-band, also known as asymmetric, virtualization devices are sometimes called meta-data servers These devices only perform the meta-data mapping functionsNo caching possible as the data never passes through the device.

In-band vs. Out-of-band

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Network Virtualization

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Network virtualization: Process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single, software-based administrative entity.

Categories

External Network Virtualization

Internal Network Virtualization

Combined Internal and External Network Virtualization

Network Virtualization

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Network Hardware

Networks

Network Storage Devices

Network Media

Virtual Network Components

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One or more local networks are combined or subdivided into virtual networks, with the goal of improving the efficiency of a large corporate network or data center

Key Components

VLANNetwork Switch

External Network Virtualization

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Single system combined with hypervisor control programs or pseudo-interfaces such as the VNIC, to create a “network in a box.”Networks

Solution improves overall efficiency of a single system by isolating applications to separate containers and/or pseudo interfaces.

Internal Network Virtualization

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Single system offers both internal and external network virtualization

Base concept is to use Hypervisor to manage connectivity for both Host and well as Guest systems through implementation of a virtual switch.

Combined Internal & External Network Virtualization

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Hyper-V Networking

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Windows Server 2008

Windows Kernel

OS

Provided by:

Hyper-V ArchitectureISV / IHV / OEM

Microsoft Hyper-V

Ring -1Windows hypervisor

“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware

Kernel Mode

User Mode

Parent Partition

Applications

IHV Driver

s

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Windows Server 2008

Windows Kernel VSP

OS

Provided by:

Hyper-V Architecture

Applications

Non-Hypervisor Aware OS

Emulation

ISV / IHV / OEM

Microsoft Hyper-V

Microsoft / XenSource

Ring -1

Applications

Xen-Enabled Linux Kernel

Linux VSC

Hypercall Adapter

VMBus

Windows hypervisor


Kernel Mode

User Mode

Child PartitionsParent Partition

WMI Provider

VM Service

VM Worker Process

Applications

VMBus

Applications

Windows Server 2003,

2008

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

IHV Driver

s

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Two physical network adapters at minimum

One for management

One (or more) for VM networking

Dedicated NIC(s) for iSCSI

Connect parent to back-end management network

Only expose guests to internet traffic

Hyper-V Networking

Windows Server 2008

Windows Kernel VSP

Windows hypervisor


WMI Provider

VM Service

VM Worker Process

Applications

VMBus

Applications

Windows Server 2003, 2008

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

IHV Drivers

“Designed For Windows” Server Hardware

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Example 1:Physical Server has 4 network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNICs 2/3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networkingStorage is non-iSCSI such as:

Direct attachSAS or Fibre Channel

Hyper-V Network Configurations

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Hyper-V Setup & Networking 1

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Windows Server 2008

Each VM On Its Own Switch…

Applications

VM2

Ring -1

Applications

VM3

Windows hypervisor


Kernel Mode

User Mode


WMI Provider

VM Service

VM Worker Process

VMBus

Applications

VM1

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

Mgmt NIC 1

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

VMBus

Linux Kernel VSCVSP

VSwitch 1 NIC 2

VSwitch 2 NIC 3

VSwitch 3 NIC 4

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Example 2:Server has 4 physical network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNIC 2: Assigned to parent partition for iSCSINICs 3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networking

Hyper-V Network Configurations

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Hyper-V Setup, Networking & iSCSI

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Windows Server 2008

Now With iSCSI…

Applications

VM2

Ring -1

Applications

VM3

Windows hypervisor


Kernel Mode

User Mode


WMI Provider

VM Service

VM Worker Process

VMBus

Applications

VM1

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

Mgmt NIC 1

VMBus

Windows Kernel VSC

VMBus

Linux Kernel VSC

VSP

VSwitch 1 NIC 2

VSwitch 2 NIC 3

VSwitch 3 NIC 4

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Networking: Parent Partition

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Networking: Virtual Switches

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Online Resources

Microsoft Virtualization Home:http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization

Windows Server Virtualization Blog Site:http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/default.aspx

Windows Server Virtualization TechNet Site:http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx

System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Beta:http://connect.microsoft.com

http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization

http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/default.aspx

http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx

http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx

http://connect.microsoft.com/

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© 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market

conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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