Conflict_BOA v CA

7/25/2019 Conflict_BOA v CA

1/13

G.R. No. 120135 March 31, 2003

BANK OF AMERICA NT & SA, BANK OF AMERICA INTERNATIONAL, LTD., p!"!"o#r$,

%$.

CORT OF A''EALS, (ON. MANEL 'ADOLINA, EDARDO LITON)A, SR., a#* ARELIO K.

LITON)A, )R.,r$po#*#!$.

ASTRIA+MARTINE, ).-

Facts:

O# Ma 10, 1//3, E*ar*o K. L"!o#a, Sr. a#* Ar"o ). L"!o#a L"!o#a$, 4or r%"!6 7*

a Co8pa"#!2 4or !h R9"o#a Tr"a Cor! o4 'a$"9 a9a"#$! !h Ba#: o4 A8r"ca NT&SA

a#* Ba#: o4 A8r"ca I#!r#a!"o#a, L!*. *4#*a#! a#:$ 4or r%"!6 a9"#9 !ha!- !h

;r #9a9* "# !h $h"pp"#9 $"#$$< !h o;#* !;o %$$$- Do# Ar"o a#* E

Cha8p"o#, !hro9h !h"r ;ho+o;#* corpora!"o#$< !h *po$"!* !h"r r%#$ 4ro8

$a"* $"#$$ !o9!hr ;"!h o!hr 4#*$ ;"!h !h ra#ch$ o4 $a"* a#:$ "# !h #"!*

K"#9*o8 a#* (o#9:o#9 p !o 1/=/< ;"!h !h"r $"#$$ *o"#9 ;, !h *4#*a#! a#:$

"#*c* !h8 !o "#cra$ !h #8r o4 !h"r $h"p$ "# opra!"o#, o>r"#9 !h8 a$ oa#$ !o

ac?"r $a"* %$$$


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D4#*a#! a#:$ 7* a Motion to Dismiss on grounds of forum non conveniens and

lack of cause of action against them.13

O# Dc8r 3, 1//3, !h !r"acourt issued an Order denying the Motion to Dismiss

I#$!a* o4 7"#9 a# a#$;r !h *4#*a#! a#:$ ;#! !o !h Cor! o4 Appa$ o# a Hetition

for !eview on "ertiorari#15 ;h"ch ;a$ ap! !ra!* !h appa! cor! a$ a p!"!"o#

4or cr!"orar". Th a$$a"* !h ao%+?o!* or*r a$ ; a$ !h $$?#! *#"a o4 !h"r

Mo!"o# 4or Rco#$"*ra!"o#.1 $he appellate court dismissed the petition and denied

petitioners% Motion for !econsideration.1=

&ssues:

h!hr !h co8pa"#! $ho* *"$8"$$* o# !h 9ro#* o4 4or8 #o#+co#%#"#$J

'eld:

(o.

Th *oc!r"# o4 4or8 #o#+co#%#"#$ "!ra 8a#"#9 @!h 4or8 "$ "#co#%#"#!@, 8r9*

"# pr"%a! "#!r#a!"o#a a; !o deter the practice of global forum

shopping,2 !ha! "$ !o pr%#! #o#+r$"*#! "!"9a#!$ 4ro8 choo$"#9 !h 4or8 or pac;hr"# !o r"#9 !h"r $"! 4or 8a"c"o$ ra$o#$, $ch a$ !o $cr proc*ra a*%a#!a9$,

!o a##o a#* hara$$ !h *4#*a#!, !o a%o"* o%rcro;** *oc:!$, or !o $c! a 8or

4r"#* %#. #*r !h"$ *oc!r"#, a cor!, "# co#"c!$ o4 a; ca$$, 8a r4$ "8po$"!"o#$

o# "!$ r"$*"c!"o# ;hr "! "$ #o! !h 8o$! Hco#%#"#!H or a%a"a 4or8 a#* !h par!"$

ar #o! prc** 4ro8 $:"#9 r8*"$ $;hr.3

)hether a suit should be entertained or dismissed on the basis of

said doctrine depends largely upon the facts of the particular case

and is addressed to the sound discretion of the trial court* I# !hca$ o4 Co88#"ca!"o# Ma!r"a$ a#* D$"9#, I#c. %$. Cor! o4 Appa$,5 !h"$ Cor! h*

!ha! H +a hilippine "ourt may assume ,urisdiction over the

case if it chooses to do so; provided- that the followingrequisites are met: .1/ that the hilippine "ourt is one to

which the parties may conveniently resort to; .0/ that the

hilippine "ourt is in a position to make an intelligent

decision as to the law and the facts; and- ./ that the


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hilippine "ourt has or is likely to have power to enforce

its decision*H E%"*#!, a !h$ r?"$"!$ ar pr$#! "# !h "#$!a#! ca$.

Moro%r, !h"$ Cor! ##c"a!* "# 'h"$c. I#%$!8#! Corpora!"o# %$. Cor! o4

Appa$,= !ha! the doctrine of forum non conveniens should not be

used as a ground for a motion to dismiss because 2ec* 1- !ule 13 of

the !ules of "ourt does not include said doctrine as a ground . Th"$

Cor! 4r!hr r* !ha! ;h""! "$ ;"!h"# !h *"$cr!"o# o4 !h !r"a cor! !o a$!a"#

4ro8 a$$8"#9 r"$*"c!"o# o# !h"$ 9ro#*, "! $ho* *o $o o# a4!r %"!a

4ac!$ ar $!a"$h*, !o *!r8"# ;h!hr $pc"a c"rc8$!a#c$ r?"r

!h cor!@$ *$"$!a#c< a#* !ha! !h propr"! o4 *"$8"$$"#9 a ca$ a$* o#

!h"$ pr"#c"p o4 4or8 #o# co#%#"#$ r?"r$ a 4ac!a *!r8"#a!"o#,

h#c "! "$ 8or propr co#$"*r* a 8a!!r o4 *4#$.

O!hr "$$$-

D"* !h !r"a cor! co88"! 9ra% a$ o4 *"$cr!"o# "# r4$"#9 !o *"$8"$$ !h co8pa"#! o#

!h 9ro#* !ha! pa"#!">$ ha% #o ca$ o4 ac!"o# a9a"#$! *4#*a#!$ $"#c pa"#!">$ ar

8r $!oc:ho*r$ o4 !h corpora!"o#$ ;h"ch ar !h r9"$!r* o;#r$ o4 !h %$$$ a#*

!h orro;r$ o4 p!"!"o#r$J

(o. A ca$ "$ *"$8"$$" 4or ac: o4 pr$o#a"! !o $ po# proo4 !ha! !h pa"#!"> "$ #o! !h

ra par!+"#+"#!r$!. Lac: o4 pr$o#a"! !o $ ca# $* a$ a 9ro#* 4or a Mo!"o# !o

D"$8"$$ a$* o# !h 4ac! !ha! !h co8pa"#!, o# !h 4ac !hro4, %"*#! $!a!$ #o ca$

o4 ac!"o#. I# !h ca$ a! ar, !h co8pa"#! co#!a"#$ !h !hr 8#!$ o4 a ca$ o4 ac!"o#.I! a9$ !ha!- 16 pa"#!">$, hr"# pr"%a! r$po#*#!$, ha% !h r"9h! !o *8a#* 4or a#

acco#!"#9 4ro8 *4#*a#!$ hr"# p!"!"o#r$6, a$ !r$!$ ra$o# o4 !h 7*c"ar

ra!"o#$h"p !ha! ;a$ cra!* !;# !h par!"$ "#%o%"#9 !h %$$$ "# ?$!"o#< 26

p!"!"o#r$ ha% !h o"9a!"o#, a$ !r$!$, !o r#*r $ch a# acco#!"#9< a#* 36

p!"!"o#r$ 4a"* !o *o !h $a8. !h corpora!"o#$ ar ;ho o;#* pr"%a! r$po#*#!$

a#* pr"or !o !h "#corpora!"o# o4 $ch #!"!"$, !h ;r c"#!$ o4 p!"!"o#r$ ;h"ch "#*c*

!h8 !o ac?"r oa#$ 4ro8 $a"* p!"!"o#r$ !o "#%$! o# !h a**"!"o#a $h"p$.

Ar pr"%a! r$po#*#!$ 9"! o4 4or8 $hopp"#9 ca$ o4 !h p#*#c o4 4or"9# ac!"o#J

(o. For8 $hopp"#9 "$!$ ;hr !h 8#!$ o4 "!"$ p#*#!"a ar pr$#! a#* ;hr a7#a *98#! "# o# ca$ ;" a8o#! !o r$ *"ca!a "# !h o!hr./ 'ar#!h!"ca, 4or "!"$

p#*#!"a !o a 9ro#* 4or !h *"$8"$$a o4 a# ac!"o# !hr 8$! - a6 "*#!"! o4 !h

par!"$ or a! a$! $ch a$ !o rpr$#! !h $a8 "#!r$! "# o!h ac!"o#$< 6 "*#!"! o4

r"9h!$ a$$r!* a#* r"4 pra* 4or, !h r"4 "#9 4o#** o# !h $a8 ac!$< a#* c6 !h

"*#!"! "# !h !;o ca$$ $ho* $ch !ha! !h *98#! ;h"ch 8a r#*r* "# o#

;o*, r9ar*$$ o4 ;h"ch par! "$ $cc$$4, a8o#! !o r$ *"ca!a "# !h o!hr.


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I# ca$ a! ar, #o! a !h r?"r8#!$ 4or "!"$ p#*#!"a ar pr$#!. h" !hr 8a

"*#!"! o4 par!"$, #o!;"!h$!a#*"#9 !h pr$#c o4 o!hr r$po#*#!$,51 a$ ; a$ !h

r%r$a "# po$"!"o#$ o4 pa"#!">$ a#* *4#*a#!$52, $!" !h o!hr r?"r8#!$ #c$$ar

4or "!"$ p#*#!"a ;r #o! $ho;# p!"!"o#r. I! 8r 8#!"o#* !ha! c"%" ca$$ ;r

7* "# (o#9:o#9 a#* E#9a#* ;"!ho! ho;%r $ho;"#9 !h "*#!"! o4 r"9h!$ a$$r!* a#*

!h r"4$ $o9h! 4or a$ ; a$ !h pr$#c o4 !h 8#!$ o4 r$ *"ca!a $ho* o# o4

!h ca$$ a**9*.

G.R. No. 120135 March 31, 2003

BANK OF AMERICA NT & SA, BANK OF AMERICA INTERNATIONAL, LTD., p!"!"o#r$,

%$.

CORT OF A''EALS, (ON. MANEL 'ADOLINA, EDARDO LITON)A, SR., a#* ARELIO K.

LITON)A, )R.,r$po#*#!$.

ASTRIA+MARTINE, ).-

Th"$ "$ a p!"!"o# 4or r%"; o# cr!"orar" #*r R 5 o4 !h R$ o4 Cor! a$$a""#9 !h

No%8r 2/, 1// *c"$"o# o4 !h Cor! o4 Appa$1 a#* !h Apr" 2, 1//5 r$o!"o#*#"#9 p!"!"o#r$@ 8o!"o# 4or rco#$"*ra!"o#.

Th 4ac!a ac:9ro#* o4 !h ca$ "$ a$ 4oo;$-

O# Ma 10, 1//3, E*ar*o K. L"!o#a, Sr. a#* Ar"o ). L"!o#a L"!o#a$, 4or r%"!6 7*

a Co8pa"#!2 4or !h R9"o#a Tr"a Cor! o4 'a$"9 a9a"#$! !h Ba#: o4 A8r"ca NT&SA

a#* Ba#: o4 A8r"ca I#!r#a!"o#a, L!*. *4#*a#! a#:$ 4or r%"!6 a9"#9 !ha!- !h

;r #9a9* "# !h $h"pp"#9 $"#$$< !h o;#* !;o %$$$- Do# Ar"o a#* E

Cha8p"o#, !hro9h !h"r ;ho+o;#* corpora!"o#$< !h *po$"!* !h"r r%#$ 4ro8$a"* $"#$$ !o9!hr ;"!h o!hr 4#*$ ;"!h !h ra#ch$ o4 $a"* a#:$ "# !h #"!*

K"#9*o8 a#* (o#9:o#9 p !o 1/=/< ;"!h !h"r $"#$$ *o"#9 ;, !h *4#*a#! a#:$

"#*c* !h8 !o "#cra$ !h #8r o4 !h"r $h"p$ "# opra!"o#, o>r"#9 !h8 a$ oa#$ !o

ac?"r $a"* %$$$


5/13

*"$po$"!"o# o4 !h p!"!"o#r$


6/13

H1. RES'ONDENT CORT OF A''EALS FAILED TO CONSIDER T(E FACT T(AT T(E SE'ARATE

'ERSONALITIES OF T(E 'RIATE RES'ONDENTS MERE STOCK(OLDERS6 AND T(E FOREIGN

COR'ORATIONS T(E REAL BORROERS6 CLEARL S''ORT, BEOND AN DOBT, T(E

'RO'OSITION T(AT T(E 'RIATE RES'ONDENTS (AE NO 'ERSONALITIES TO SE.

H2. T(E RES'ONDENT CORT OF A''EALS FAILED TO REALIE T(AT (ILE T(E 'RINCI'LE

OF FORM NON CONENIENS IS NOT MANDATOR, T(ERE ARE, (OEER, SOME

GIDELINES TO FOLLO IN DETERMINING (ET(ER T(E C(OICE OF FORM S(OLD BE

DISTRBED. NDER T(E CIRCMSTANCES SRRONDING T(E INSTANT CASE, DISMISSAL OF

T(E COM'LAINT ON T(E GROND OF FORM NON+CONENIENS IS MORE A''RO'RIATE AND

'RO'ER.

H3. T(E 'RINCI'LE OF RES )DICATA IS NOT LIMITED TO FINAL )DGMENT IN T(E

'(ILI''INES. IN FACT, T(E 'ENDENC OF FOREIGN ACTION MA BE T(E LEGAL BASIS FOR

T(E DISMISSAL OF T(E COM'LAINT FILED B T(E 'RIATE RES'ONDENT. COROLLAR TO

T(IS, T(E RES'ONDENT CORT OF A''EALS FAILED TO CONSIDER T(E FACT T(AT 'RIATE

RES'ONDENTS ARE GILT OF FORM S(O''ING.H 1

A$ !o !h 7r$! a$$"9#* rror- '!"!"o#r$ ar9 !ha! !h orro;r$ a#* !h r9"$!r* o;#r$

o4 !h %$$$ ar !h 4or"9# corpora!"o#$ a#* #o! pr"%a! r$po#*#!$ L"!o#a$ ;ho ar

8r $!oc:ho*r$< a#* !ha! !h r%#$ *r"%* 4ro8 !h opra!"o#$ o4 a !h %$$$ ar

*po$"!* "# !h acco#!$ o4 !h corpora!"o#$. (#c, p!"!"o#r$ 8a"#!a"# !ha! !h$ 4or"9#

corpora!"o#$ ar !h 9a #!"!"$ !ha! ha% !h pr$o#a"!"$ !o $ a#* #o! hr"# pr"%a!

r$po#*#!$< !ha! pr"%a! r$po#*#!$, "#9 8r $harho*r$, ha% #o ca"8 o# !h

%$$$ a$ o;#r$ $"#c !h 8r ha% a# "#choa! r"9h! !o ;ha!%r 8a r8a"# po#

!h *"$$o!"o# o4 !h $a"* 4or"9# corpora!"o#$ a#* a4!r a cr*"!or$ ha% # 4 pa"*a#* $a!"$7*$@ cho"c o4 4or8 $ho* *"$!r*, a$ c"*a!* "#G4 O" Corp. %$.

G"r!21 a#* '"pr A"rcra4! Co. %$. R#o,22 !o ;"!-

H'r"%a! "#!r$! 4ac!or$ "#c*- a6 !h ra!"% a$ o4 acc$$ !o $orc$ o4 proo4< 6 !h

a%a"a""! o4 co8p$or proc$$ 4or !h a!!#*a#c o4 #;""#9 ;"!#$$$< c6 !h co$! o4

o!a"#"#9 a!!#*a#c o4 ;""#9 ;"!#$$$< or *6 a o!hr prac!"ca pro8$ !ha! 8a: !r"a

o4 a ca$ a$, p*"!"o$ a#* "#p#$"%. '"c "#!r$! 4ac!or$ "#c*- a6 !h

a*8"#"$!ra!"% *"c!"$ o;"#9 4ro8 cor! co#9$!"o#< 6 !h oca "#!r$! "# ha%"#9

oca"* co#!ro%r$"$ *c"** a! ho8< c6 !h a%o"*a#c o4 ##c$$ar pro8$ "#


7/13

co#"c! o4 a;$ or "# !h app"ca!"o# o4 4or"9# a;< or *6 !h #4a"r#$$ o4 r*#"#9 c"!"#$

"# a# #ra!* 4or8 ;"!h r *!.H23

I# $ppor! o4 !h"r ca"8 !ha! !h oca cor! "$ #o! !h propr 4or8, p!"!"o#r$ a9 !h

4oo;"#9-

H"6 Th Ba#: o4 A8r"ca Bra#ch$ "#%o%*, a$ car 8#!"o#* "# !h Co8pa"#!, ar a$*

"# (o#9:o#9 a#* E#9a#*. A$ $ch, !h %"*#c a#* !h ;"!#$$$ ar #o! ra*" a%a"a

"# !h 'h""pp"#$@$

a$$$ ac!"o# a#* co8p"#9 !h *4#*a#! #*$$ !o 9o !hro9h a pro!rac!* !r"a

a#* co99"#9 !h cor! *oc:!$ a#o!hr 4!" ca$.H3

Rcor*$ $ho; !ha! !h !r"a cor! ac!* ;"!h"# "!$ r"$*"c!"o# ;h# "! "$$* !h a$$a"*

Or*r *#"#9 p!"!"o#r$@ 8o!"o# !o *"$8"$$. Do$ !h *#"a o4 !h 8o!"o# !o *"$8"$$

co#$!"!! a pa!#! 9ra% a$ o4 *"$cr!"o#J o* appa, #*r !h c"rc8$!a#c$, #o!

pro% !o a $p* a#* a*?a! r8*J ;" r$o% $a"* ?$!"o#$ "# co##c!"o#

;"!h !h "$$$ ra"$* !h par!"$.

F"r$! "$$. D"* !h !r"a cor! co88"! 9ra% a$ o4 *"$cr!"o# "# r4$"#9 !o *"$8"$$ !h

co8pa"#! o# !h 9ro#* !ha! pa"#!">$ ha% #o ca$ o4 ac!"o# a9a"#$! *4#*a#!$ $"#c

pa"#!">$ ar 8r $!oc:ho*r$ o4 !h corpora!"o#$ ;h"ch ar !h r9"$!r* o;#r$ o4 !h

%$$$ a#* !h orro;r$ o4 p!"!"o#r$J


10/13

No. '!"!"o#r$@ ar98#! !ha! pr"%a! r$po#*#!$, "#9 8r $!oc:ho*r$ o4 !h 4or"9#

corpora!"o#$, ha% #o pr$o#a"!"$ !o $, a#* !hr4or, !h co8pa"#! $ho*

*"$8"$$*, "$ #!#a. A ca$ "$ *"$8"$$" 4or ac: o4 pr$o#a"! !o $ po# proo4 !ha!

!h pa"#!"> "$ #o! !h ra par!+"#+"#!r$!. Lac: o4 pr$o#a"! !o $ ca# $* a$ a

9ro#* 4or a Mo!"o# !o D"$8"$$ a$* o# !h 4ac! !ha! !h co8pa"#!, o# !h 4ac !hro4,

%"*#! $!a!$ #o ca$ o4 ac!"o#.35 I# Sa# Lor#o "a9 A$$oc"a!"o#, I#c. %$. Cor! o4

Appa$,3 !h"$ Cor! car"7* !ha! a co8pa"#! $!a!$ a ca$ o4 ac!"o# ;hr "! co#!a"#$

!hr $$#!"a 8#!$ o4 a ca$ o4 ac!"o#, #a8- 16 !h 9a r"9h! o4 !h pa"#!">, 26

!h corra!"% o"9a!"o# o4 !h *4#*a#!, a#* 36 !h ac! or o8"$$"o# o4 !h *4#*a#! "#

%"oa!"o# o4 $a"* 9a r"9h!. I4 !h$ 8#!$ ar a$#!, !h co8pa"#! co8$ %#ra

!o a 8o!"o# !o *"$8"$$ o# !h 9ro#* o4 4a"r !o $!a! a ca$ o4 ac!"o#.3= To 8pha$", "!

"$ #o! !h ac: or a$#c o4 ca$ o4 ac!"o# !ha! "$ a 9ro#* 4or *"$8"$$a o4 !h co8pa"#!

! ra!hr !h 4ac! !ha! !h co8pa"#! $!a!$ #o ca$ o4 ac!"o#.3 HFa"r !o $!a! a ca$

o4 ac!"o#H r4r$ !o !h "#$c"#c o4 a9a!"o# "# !h pa*"#9, #": Hac: o4 ca$ o4

ac!"o#H ;h"ch r4r$ !o !h "#$c"#c o4 4ac!a a$"$ 4or !h ac!"o#. HFa"r !o $!a! a

ca$ o4 ac!"o#H 8a ra"$* a! !h ar"$! $!a9$ o4 a# ac!"o# !hro9h a 8o!"o# !o

*"$8"$$ !h co8pa"#!, ;h" Hac: o4 ca$ o4 ac!"o#H 8a ra"$* a# !"8 a4!r !h

?$!"o#$ o4 4ac! ha% # r$o%* o# !h a$"$ o4 $!"pa!"o#$, a*8"$$"o#$ or %"*#cpr$#!*.3/

I# !h ca$ a! ar, !h co8pa"#! co#!a"#$ !h !hr 8#!$ o4 a ca$ o4 ac!"o#. I! a9$

!ha!- 16 pa"#!">$, hr"# pr"%a! r$po#*#!$, ha% !h r"9h! !o *8a#* 4or a# acco#!"#9

4ro8 *4#*a#!$ hr"# p!"!"o#r$6, a$ !r$!$ ra$o# o4 !h 7*c"ar ra!"o#$h"p !ha!

;a$ cra!* !;# !h par!"$ "#%o%"#9 !h %$$$ "# ?$!"o#< 26 p!"!"o#r$ ha% !h

o"9a!"o#, a$ !r$!$, !o r#*r $ch a# acco#!"#9< a#* 36 p!"!"o#r$ 4a"* !o *o !h

$a8.

'!"!"o#r$ "#$"$! !ha! !h *o #o! ha% a# o"9a!"o# !o !h pr"%a! r$po#*#!$ a$ !h ar

8r $!oc:ho*r$ o4 !h corpora!"o#< !ha! !h corpora! #!"!"$ ha% r"*"ca pr$o#a"!"$

$para! a#* *"$!"#c! 4ro8 !ho$ o4 !h pr"%a! r$po#*#!$. 'r"%a! r$po#*#!$ 8a"#!a"#

!ha! !h corpora!"o#$ ar ;ho o;#* !h8 a#* pr"or !o !h "#corpora!"o# o4 $ch

#!"!"$, !h ;r c"#!$ o4 p!"!"o#r$ ;h"ch "#*c* !h8 !o ac?"r oa#$ 4ro8 $a"*

p!"!"o#r$ !o "#%$! o# !h a**"!"o#a $h"p$.

a9r ;"!h pr"%a! r$po#*#!$. A$ h* "# !h Sa# Lor#o ca$,0

H a$$8"#9 !ha! !h a9a!"o# o4 4ac!$ co#$!"!!"#9 pa"#!">$@ ca$ o4 ac!"o# "$ #o! a$

car a#* ca!9or"ca a$ ;o* o!hr;"$ *$"r*, a# #cr!a"#! !hr ar"$"#9 $ho*

$o r$o%* a$ !o #a a 4 "#?"r "#!o !h 8r"!$ o4 !h ac!"o#.H

A$ !h"$ Cor! ha$ pa"#* "# !h Sa# Lor#o ca$, $ch a cor$, ;o* prc*

8!"p"c"! o4 $"!$ ;h"ch !h a; ahor$, a#* co#*c !o !h *7#"!"% *!r8"#a!"o# a#*


11/13

!r8"#a!"o# o4 !h *"$p!. To *o o!hr;"$, !ha! "$, !o aor! !h ac!"o# o# acco#! o4 !h

a9* 4a!a a;$ o4 !h co8pa"#! ;o* o%"o$ "#*c"$"% a#* ;o* #o! #* !h

co#!ro%r$, $"#c !h "#$!"!!"o# o4 a#o!hr ac!"o# po# a r%"$* co8pa"#! ;o* #o!

4orco$*.1

Sco#* I$$. Sho* !h co8pa"#! *"$8"$$* o# !h 9ro#* o4 4or8 #o#+co#%#"#$J

No. Th *oc!r"# o4 4or8 #o#+co#%#"#$ "!ra 8a#"#9 @!h 4or8 "$ "#co#%#"#!@,

8r9* "# pr"%a! "#!r#a!"o#a a; !o *!r !h prac!"c o4 9oa 4or8 $hopp"#9,2 !ha!

"$ !o pr%#! #o#+r$"*#! "!"9a#!$ 4ro8 choo$"#9 !h 4or8 or pac ;hr"# !o r"#9 !h"r

$"! 4or 8a"c"o$ ra$o#$, $ch a$ !o $cr proc*ra a*%a#!a9$, !o a##o a#* hara$$

!h *4#*a#!, !o a%o"* o%rcro;** *oc:!$, or !o $c! a 8or 4r"#* %#. #*r !h"$

*oc!r"#, a cor!, "# co#"c!$ o4 a; ca$$, 8a r4$ "8po$"!"o#$ o# "!$ r"$*"c!"o# ;hr "!

"$ #o! !h 8o$! Hco#%#"#!H or a%a"a 4or8 a#* !h par!"$ ar #o! prc** 4ro8

$:"#9 r8*"$ $;hr.3

h!hr a $"! $ho* #!r!a"#* or *"$8"$$* o# !h a$"$ o4 $a"* *oc!r"# *p#*$

ar9 po# !h 4ac!$ o4 !h par!"car ca$ a#* "$ a**r$$* !o !h $o#* *"$cr!"o# o4 !h

!r"a cor!. I# !h ca$ o4 Co88#"ca!"o# Ma!r"a$ a#* D$"9#, I#c. %$. Cor! o4

Appa$,5 !h"$ Cor! h* !ha! H Qa 'h""pp"# Cor! 8a a$$8 r"$*"c!"o# o%r !h

ca$ "4 "! choo$$ !o *o $o< pro%"**, !ha! !h 4oo;"#9 r?"$"!$ ar 8!- 16 !ha! !h

'h""pp"# Cor! "$ o# !o ;h"ch !h par!"$ 8a co#%#"#! r$or! !o< 26 !ha! !h

'h""pp"# Cor! "$ "# a po$"!"o# !o 8a: a# "#!"9#! *c"$"o# a$ !o !h a; a#* !h 4ac!$$ a#* *4#*a#!$52, $!" !h o!hr r?"r8#!$ #c$$ar

4or "!"$ p#*#!"a ;r #o! $ho;# p!"!"o#r. I! 8r 8#!"o#* !ha! c"%" ca$$ ;r

7* "# (o#9:o#9 a#* E#9a#* ;"!ho! ho;%r $ho;"#9 !h "*#!"! o4 r"9h!$ a$$r!* a#*

!h r"4$ $o9h! 4or a$ ; a$ !h pr$#c o4 !h 8#!$ o4 r$ *"ca!a $ho* o# o4

!h ca$$ a**9*.

A$ !h Cor! o4 Appa$ ap! o$r%*-

H QTh p!"!"o#r$, $"8p #8ra!"#9 !h c"%" ac!"o#$ "#$!"!!* aroa* "#%o%"#9

!h par!"$ hr"# , 4a"* !o pro%"* !h"$ Cor! ;"!h r%a#! a#* car $pc"7ca!"o#$ !ha!

;o* $ho; !h pr$#c o4 !h ao%+?o!* 8#!$ or r?"$"!$ 4or r$ *"ca!a. h"

"! "$ !r !ha! !h p!"!"o#r$ "# !h"r 8o!"o# 4or rco#$"*ra!"o# CA Roo, p. =26, a4!r

#8ra!"#9 !h %ar"o$ c"%" ac!"o#$ "#$!"!!* aroa*, *"* a%r !ha! HCop"$ o4 !h 4or"9#

*98#!$ ar hr!o a!!ach* a#* 8a* "#!9ra par!$ hro4 a$ A##$ @B@, @C@, @D@ a#*

@E@H, !h 4a"*, ;"!!"#9 or "#a*%r!#!, !o "#c* a $"#9 4or"9# *98#! "# !h"r

pa*"#9$ $8"!!* !o !h"$ Cor! a$ a##$ !o !h"r p!"!"o#. (o; !h# co* ha% #

pc!* !o r o# !h"$ "$$ %# "4 ;r !o ho* !ha! 4or"9# *98#!$ co* !h

a$"$ 4or !h app"ca!"o# o4 !h a4or8#!"o#* pr"#c"p o4 r$ *"ca!aJH53

Co#$?#!, o!h cor!$ corrc! *#"* !h *"$8"$$a o4 hr"# $c! co8pa"#!.

(EREFORE, !h p!"!"o# "$ DENIED 4or ac: o4 8r"!.

Co$!$ a9a"#$! p!"!"o#r$.

SO ORDERED.

Bo$"o, Cha"r8a#6, M#*oa, P"$8"#9 a#* Cao, Sr., ))., co#cr.


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Conflict_BOA v CA

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