Approx. 1000 – 1300 C.E.

Towns develop Learning increases Trade increases –

Guild’s develop Modern nations

develop

Very powerful institution

Competed for power with monarchs

Played a major role in the Crusades

1096 – 1270 Purpose: To

recapture the holy lands

Only one true victory – 1st Crusade

One truce – 3rd Crusade

The rest - failures

1000’s Christians begin to repopulate Spain

By 1490’s Reconquista was a policy that drove Muslims and Jews out of Spain using a court called the Inquisition

Lasted from 1347-1351 Spread through central

Asia and Europe Killed 30 million people Europeans thought it was

spread through God’s wrath

It was an infectious disease which spread through flea bites and bodily fluids

Helped bring an end to Feudalism in Europe

Lasted more than 100 years – did not consist of one long battle

Between France and England Began with the Battle of Hastings in 1066 Led to the development of the countries

of France and England Joan of Arc led the French to victory at

the Battle of Orleans

England emerges as one of the most powerful countries in Europe

1215 – King John forced to sign the Magna Carta – created a bill of rights for nobles (he was overspending and over taxing nobles)

Parliament is created several years later to keep the monarchy in check

The Church and the Monarchy compete for political power

Military struggles for land Disease changes the population Europe emerges as one of the strongest

political, cultural, and military powers