EDGAR DALE’SCONE OF

LEARNING EXPERIENCESubmitted by PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Josna ThomasVeenaManjula

Bijila Rejith

AdarshSr.Stella

Cone of Experienceo Is a visual model, a pictorial device that

presents bands of experience arranged according to degree of abstraction not degree of difficulty.

o Cone of experience starts from Concrete Experience going to Abstract Experience.

People generally remember• 10% of what they read – reading text• 20% of what they hear – hearing words• 30% of what they see – looking at pictures• 50% of what they see and hear – watching a

movie or demonstration• 70% of what they say and write – participating

in a discussion, giving a talk• 90% of what they say and do – doing a

presentation /teaching others.

Our sense organs are the gateways to acquire knowledge.

We learn 1% through taste

1.5% through touch

3.5% through smell

11.0% through hearing

83.0% through sight

A comparative Approach to effective teaching –

learning process Direct sensory experiences combined with purposeful interaction with stimuli sources.

Introduction to new material through an actual “ hands-on-experience or doing real thing”.

Progression of learning experience from direct purposeful experience to abstract verbal expression”.

Effectiveness of teaching increases from base to pinnacle.

The verbal symbol provides the lowest amount of learning and put as smallest band on the top.

Direct purposeful experience provides better learning and indicated by largest band at the base.

Dale’s Cone and Teaching

Direct Purposeful Experience

o This is the first hand experiences which serve as the foundation of our learning.

o It is learning by doing.

Contrived Experience It is an imitation of Reality. It is like a working model, which is like a

replica of reality and differs from the original in either size or in complexity.

Dramatic Participation Using dramatic entrance and catches

attention for the students to be interested, attracted and affected.

Various kinds includes : Formal plays, puppets, tableau.

Demonstration• It is a visual explanation of an important

fact, idea or process by use of photographs, drawings, films, displays, or guided motion.

• It is showing how things are done.

Field Trips• These are excursions and visits conducted to

observe an event that is unavailable within the classroom.

Exhibition/ MuseumsThese are displays to be seen by spectators.They may consists of working models

arranged meaningfully or photographs with models, charts and posters.

Television and Motion Pictures

• Using Television as an educational tool• Presents reality of past or present so

effectively that we are made to feel we are there.

Recordings, Radio and Still Pictures

o These are visual and auditory devices that may be used as Educational tool.

Visual Symbols Blackboards, charts, graphs, maps,

photographs , pictures are abstract substitutes of reality.

Communication is by means of visual symbols.

Promote keen interest and better understanding of concepts.

Verbal Symbols• Pinnacle of the cone.

• Most abstract in nature.

• These may be a work, an idea or a concept or a scientific principle, a formula, a philosophical aphorism.

Interpretation of Edgar Dale’s Cone of

Experience• Lower level of the cone involve the student as a participant and encourage active learning.

• Lower levels include more stimuli and are richer with regard to natural feedback – the consequences of an action.

• Higher levels compress information and provide data faster for those who are able to process it.

• Pictures are remembered better than verbal propositions.

• Pictures aid in recalling information that has been associated with them.

• Upper levels of the cone need more instructional support than lower levels.