Conditionals, Wish Clauses

First Conditional

➲ If/unless + Present Simple – Future/Modal/Present/Imperative

➲ If it rains today, I'll stay at home.

➲ We use the first conditional when the situation is true or possible.

Second Conditional

➲ If/unless + Past Simple – would/could/might + base forme

➲ If I won the lottery, I would travle around the world.

➲ We use the second conditional when the situation is hypothetical.

Third Conditional

➲ If + Present Perfect – would have/could/might have + past participle

➲ If Marka and Jim had visited us, we would have been delighted.

➲ We use the third conditional when the situation is hypothetical and past.

Wish Clauses

➲ Wish/If only + Past Simple

➲ Refers to a present situation that the speaker is unhappy about.

➲ He wishes his house were bigger.

Wish Clauses

➲ Wish/If only + Past Perfect

➲ Expresses regret about a past action or situation.

➲ If only Sarah had arrived earlier.

Wish Clauses

➲ Wish/If only + Could/Would + Base form

➲ Expresses a desire for something to happen in the future.

➲ I wish I could improve my marks.

FIN