TITLE:

Design and analysis of concrete road bridge

INTRODUCTION:

At final year of civil engineering,to enhance the practical engineering knowledge,we, the students of IOE have to complete a project on any of the selected topic so as to upgrade our theoretical understanding in practical basis. Our enthusiastic members has decided to analyse and design a concrete bridge for the part of their project. We will perform our project on basis of detailed engineering survey, soil investigation, hydrological analysis and structural design of concrete bridge for this project. We look forward to having us the best project Guide/Supervisor for the efficient and effective completion of our project work.

RATIONALE OF STUDY:

Roads are an integral part of the transport system.  A country’s road network should be efficient in order to maximize economic and social benefits. Nepal, as a hilly country that has the rift valley, a few mountains, streams, gorges, rivers and lakes passes across the road. So bridge acts as a connecting link for the sectional road. Since bridge has become the important part for the construction of road, its stability, durability and strength should be kept in an account .The soil and morphology of geological structures, the dynamic load due to traffic run-off over the bridge, the hydraulic pressure due to run-off river on foundation of the bridge and wind loads are the loads that counteracts the stability of bridge. So,for the conventional and efficient usage of bridge, it is very necessary to make appropriate design and analyse the stability and durability before construction of it.

OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of this project is to prepare a cost effective design of a durable bridge appropriate to the conditions prevailing at the site. The work involves topographical survey of area around the bridge site and its geo-morphological, geological, seismological, hydrological studies of the site, and detailed engineering design of the bridge, and approach roads.

SCOPE:

We aim to incorporate various studied things in our concrete bridge project with proper understanding. Following are the things to be included throughout our project work:

a) This study was mainly focused on collection of existing documents, concerning the bridge site and the area, relevant maps, the existing hydrological, climatological and geological data and other information pertinent for the selection of the bridge site.

b) Geological survey of existing site of bridge.c) Application of knowledge of stability of soil, reinforcement design, hydrological

survey and river training.

1

d) Use and application of limit state design method.

Limititions:

1. Architectural drawings were retrived from concerned parties.2. The material properties were not concerned.3. Aerodyamic and thermodynamic properties were excluded.

LITERATURE REVIEW:

Various reports and guidelines regarding construction of bridge are reviewed. The design work involved the design of a bridge and, approach roads on both sides based on the design parameters collected during the field work and the relevant standard documents. Design of bridge and approach roads is done as per NRS-2045 and the relevant IRC standards.

As per the emerging technology, analysis and design of structures can be performed by computer programmes and softwares like SAP and STAAD-Pro. SAP can analyse structures and perform model analysis whereas STAAD-Pro can even design structures according to our needs. Whereas designs of STAAD-Pro are slightly uneconomic in the context of Nepal.

Besides proper designing, proper project management is also needed for optimum use of time, resource and manpower. Project management involves, the following three phases:

a) Project planning,b) Project scheduling,c) Project controlling.

METHODOLOGY:

The bridge is located along the Village Road in Chitwan District/ Narayani Zone/ Center Development Region. It is about 1.9 km from Mahendra Highway. Village Road is passing through the Northern part from Parsa to Khairahani VDC and acting like a life line for the more densely populated and the productive area of the VDC. It provides the direct access for the villages of the area influenced to the Mahendra Highway. There is an urgent need of the construction of bridges lying about this road for all weather accessibility to isolated villages and for the continuation as well as growth of economic activities within the area.

This study was mainly focused on collection of existing documents, concerning the bridge site and the area, relevant maps, the existing hydrological, climatological and geological data and other information pertinent for the selection of the bridge site. The documents so collected were studied, course of action to be followed decided and plans were formulated to carry out the works involved.

Detail estimation of cost of the project will be done from the drawings and government approved schedule of rates provided by engineering department. Time schedule of the project can be prepared and represented by various tools and techniques like Gantt chart, Milestone chart, Linked bar chart, Network technique, Critical Path Method(CPM), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), etc. Any of the methods will be followed to plan and schedule the project.

2

Studying and review of different books, papers, websites, notes and previous reports to boost our knowledge will be given high importance. Instructions and guidance of teachers, lecturers, professors, expertise, and seniors will be given priority to make our work more imposing. We are self-assured that the department and the college provides their full support to carry on our project.

The series of work to be followed for this building project are:

a. Topic selectionb. Data Collectionc. Load assessmentd. Modellinge. Analysisf. Designg. Estimation and costingh. Detailingi. Final Report Preparation

Flowchart of work schedule

3

TOPIC SELECTION

DATA COLLECTION

(topographical survey, hydrological survey, soil exploration and other

research datas)

DETAILING

ESTIMATION AND COSTING

MANUAL DESIGN

SOFTWARE INPUT

LOAD ASSESSMENT

OUTPUT

MODEL ANALYSIS

REPORT

TIME SCHEDULE ESTIMITION :

W  

O  

R  

K  

S  

Report preparation

Detailing

Estimation and costing

Detail Design

model preparation and analysis

Data collection

Topic selection

7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91

TIME IN DAYS

Time schedule of project work

The project work will be finished within 90 days.During this time regular visit to site of building is to be done.For the clear understanding and perfect completion of our building project we require to consult various types of books, maps, and regular internet surfing within the duration of project.

4

BUDGET ESTIMATION

S.N. Discription of work Rate Quantity Amount1. Transportation Expenses Rs.500 10 Rs. 50002. Internet Surfing Rs. 500 1 Rs. 5003. SAP course Rs 3000 1 Rs. 30004. Printing Rs.3 400 Rs. 12005. Binding Rs.100 1 Rs. 1006. Maps Rs 100 10 Rs. 10007. Miscellanous Rs.1000 1 Rs. 1000

TOTAL Rs. 11800

Total expense per unit head: Rs 11800

No of members: 4

Total budgeting: Rs. 47200

EXPECTED RESULT:

On completion of the project, we hope we will gain skills to apply the knowledge we have acquired so far into real engineering problems. We hope to be capable in using the codes, using the latest engineering softwares, making cost estimation of the projects, planning and scheduling, etc. such that we will become efficient in most of things we will need in professional life later.

REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY:

5

1. A research article on “Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological Analysis, and Detailed Design work of Rural Road Bridge” by Dr. Ram Chandra Tiwari

2. “Concrete Bridge Practice - Analysis, Design and Economics”, Dr. V.K. Raina, Tata McGraw - Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 1994

3. Dutta, B.N. Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering. 25 th ed. New Delhi: UBS Publishers’ Dristibutors Pvt. Ltd.,2001.

4. Suwal, Rajan. Design of Reinfoced Concrete Structures. 1st edition, Kathmandu: Mark Line Publication. 2013.

5. “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete”, Indian Standards Institutions

TRIVUWAN UNIVERSITY

THAPATHALI CAMPUS

Thapathali, Kathmandu

6

A PROJECT PROPOSAL ON

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGE

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

Bishu Ram Thapa (068/BCE/60) DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINERING

Charchit Nagila (068/BCE/62) THAPATHALI CAMPUS

Shiva Pandey (068/BCE/91)

Ek Raj Gautam(068/BCE/98)

DATE: 2071-11-1

Table of content

Title 1

Introduction 1

Rationale of study 1

7

Objective 1

Scope 1

Literature review 2

Methodology 2

Time schedule estimation 4

Budget estimation 5

Expected result 5

Reference and bibliography

8