ConcepTest 19.3 Magnetic Field
description
Transcript of ConcepTest 19.3 Magnetic Field
ConcepTest 19.3 ConcepTest 19.3 Magnetic FieldMagnetic Field
xx
yy
A proton beam enters into a A proton beam enters into a
magnetic field region as shown magnetic field region as shown
below. What is the direction below. What is the direction
of the magnetic field of the magnetic field BB? ?
1) + 1) + yy
2) 2) –– yy
3) +3) + x x
4) + 4) + zz (out of page) (out of page)
5) 5) –– zz (into page) (into page)
The picture shows the force acting
in the ++yy direction direction. Applying the
right-hand rule leads to a B field
that points into the pageinto the page. The B
field must be out of the planeout of the plane
because B B v v and B B F F.
ConcepTest 19.3 ConcepTest 19.3 Magnetic FieldMagnetic Field
xx
yy
A proton beam enters into a A proton beam enters into a
magnetic field region as shown magnetic field region as shown
below. What is the direction below. What is the direction
of the magnetic field of the magnetic field BB? ?
1) + 1) + yy
2) 2) –– yy
3) + 3) + xx
4) + 4) + zz (out of page) (out of page)
5) 5) –– zz (into page) (into page)
Follow-up:Follow-up: What would happen to a beam of atoms? What would happen to a beam of atoms?
ConcepTest 19.4a ConcepTest 19.4a Mass Spectrometer IMass Spectrometer Ix x x x x x x x x x x
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1 2
Two particles of the Two particles of the same masssame mass
enter a magnetic field with the enter a magnetic field with the
same speedsame speed and follow the paths and follow the paths
shown. Which particle has the shown. Which particle has the
bigger chargebigger charge? ?
3) both charges are equal
4) impossible to tell from the picture
The relevant equation for us is:
According to this equation, the
bigger the charge, the smaller the radius.
ConcepTest 19.4a ConcepTest 19.4a Mass Spectrometer IMass Spectrometer Ix x x x x x x x x x x
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1 2
qB
mvR
Two particles of the Two particles of the same masssame mass
enter a magnetic field with the enter a magnetic field with the
same speedsame speed and follow the paths and follow the paths
shown. Which particle has the shown. Which particle has the
bigger chargebigger charge? ?
3) both charges are equal
4) impossible to tell from the picture
Follow-up:Follow-up: What is the sign of the charges in the picture? What is the sign of the charges in the picture?
1) it increases1) it increases
2) it decreases2) it decreases
3) it stays the same3) it stays the same
4) depends on the velocity direction4) depends on the velocity direction
5) depends on the 5) depends on the BB field direction field direction
A proton enters a uniform A proton enters a uniform
magnetic field that is magnetic field that is
perpendicular to the perpendicular to the
proton’s velocity. What proton’s velocity. What
happens to the happens to the kinetic kinetic
energyenergy of the proton? of the proton?
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ConcepTest 19.4b ConcepTest 19.4b Mass Spectrometer IIMass Spectrometer II
The velocity of the proton
changes directiondirection but the
magnitudemagnitude (speed) doesn’t
change. Thus the kinetic kinetic
energy stays the sameenergy stays the same.
1) it increases1) it increases
2) it decreases2) it decreases
3) it stays the same3) it stays the same
4) depends on the velocity direction4) depends on the velocity direction
5) depends on the 5) depends on the BB field direction field direction
A proton enters a uniform A proton enters a uniform
magnetic field that is magnetic field that is
perpendicular to the perpendicular to the
proton’s velocity. What proton’s velocity. What
happens to the happens to the kinetic kinetic
energyenergy of the proton? of the proton?
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ConcepTest 19.4b ConcepTest 19.4b Mass Spectrometer IIMass Spectrometer II
ConcepTest 19.6a ConcepTest 19.6a Magnetic Force on a Wire IMagnetic Force on a Wire I
A horizontal wire carries a current A horizontal wire carries a current
and is in a vertical magnetic field. and is in a vertical magnetic field.
What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force
on the wire? on the wire?
1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page
B
I
Using the right-hand rule, we
see that the magnetic force
must point out of the pageout of the page.
Since F must be perpendicular
to both I and B, you should
realize that FF cannot be in the cannot be in the
plane of the page at allplane of the page at all.
ConcepTest 19.6a ConcepTest 19.6a Magnetic Force on a Wire IMagnetic Force on a Wire I1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page
B
I
A horizontal wire carries a current A horizontal wire carries a current
and is in a vertical magnetic field. and is in a vertical magnetic field.
What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force
on the wire?on the wire?
B
I
1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page
ConcepTest 19.6b ConcepTest 19.6b Magnetic Force on a Wire IIMagnetic Force on a Wire II
A horizontal wire carries a current A horizontal wire carries a current
and is in a vertical magnetic field. and is in a vertical magnetic field.
What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force
on the wire? on the wire?
When the current is parallelparallel to
the magnetic field lines, the force
on the wire is zerozero. B
I
1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page
ConcepTest 19.6b ConcepTest 19.6b Magnetic Force on a Wire IIMagnetic Force on a Wire II
A horizontal wire carries a current A horizontal wire carries a current
and is in a vertical magnetic field. and is in a vertical magnetic field.
What is the direction of the force What is the direction of the force
on the wire?on the wire?
ConcepTest 19.7a ConcepTest 19.7a Magnetic Force on a Loop IMagnetic Force on a Loop I
BB
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zz
yy
A rectangular current loop is A rectangular current loop is
in a uniform magnetic field. in a uniform magnetic field.
What is the direction of the What is the direction of the
net force on the loop? net force on the loop?
1) + 1) + xx
2) + 2) + yy
3) zero3) zero
4) - 4) - xx
5) - 5) - yy
Using the right-hand rule, we find that
each of the four wire segments will
experience a force outwardoutward from the
center of the loop. Thus, the forces of
the opposing segments cancel, so the
net force is zerozero.
ConcepTest 19.7a ConcepTest 19.7a Magnetic Force on a Loop IMagnetic Force on a Loop I
BB
xx
zz
yy
A rectangular current loop is A rectangular current loop is
in a uniform magnetic field. in a uniform magnetic field.
What is the direction of the What is the direction of the
net force on the loop? net force on the loop?
1) + 1) + xx
2) + 2) + yy
3) zero3) zero
4) - 4) - xx
5) - 5) - yy
If there is a current in If there is a current in
the loop in the direction the loop in the direction
shown, the loop will:shown, the loop will:
1) move up1) move up
2) move down2) move down
3) rotate clockwise3) rotate clockwise
4) rotate counterclockwise4) rotate counterclockwise
5) both rotate and move5) both rotate and move
N S
NS
B field out of NorthB field out of NorthB field into SouthB field into South
ConcepTest 19.7b ConcepTest 19.7b Magnetic Force on a Loop IIMagnetic Force on a Loop II
Look at the North Pole: here the
magnetic field points to the rightright and
the current points out of the pageout of the page.
The right-hand rule says that the force
must point upup. At the south pole, the
same logic leads to a downwarddownward force.
Thus the loop rotates clockwiseclockwise.
N S
F
F
1) move up1) move up
2) move down2) move down
3) rotate clockwise3) rotate clockwise
4) rotate counterclockwise4) rotate counterclockwise
5) both rotate and move5) both rotate and move
If there is a current in If there is a current in
the loop in the direction the loop in the direction
shown, the loop will:shown, the loop will:
ConcepTest 19.7b ConcepTest 19.7b Magnetic Force on a Loop IIMagnetic Force on a Loop II
ConcepTest 19.8a ConcepTest 19.8a Magnetic Field of a Wire IMagnetic Field of a Wire I
P1
2
3
4
If the currents in these wires have
the same magnitude but opposite
directions, what is the direction of
the magnetic field at point P?
1) direction 11) direction 1
2) direction 22) direction 2
3) direction 33) direction 3
4) direction 44) direction 4
5) the 5) the BB field is zero field is zero
Using the right-hand rule, we
can sketch the B fields due
to the two currents. Adding Adding
them up as vectorsthem up as vectors gives a
total magnetic field pointing
downwarddownward.
P
1
2
3
4
ConcepTest 19.8a ConcepTest 19.8a Magnetic Field of a Wire IMagnetic Field of a Wire I
If the currents in these wires have
the same magnitude but opposite
directions, what is the direction of
the magnetic field at point P?
1) direction 11) direction 1
2) direction 22) direction 2
3) direction 33) direction 3
4) direction 44) direction 4
5) the 5) the BB field is zero field is zero
Each of the wires in the figures below carry the same current, either into or out of the page. In which case is the magnetic field at the center of the square greatest?
1) arrangement 11) arrangement 1
2) arrangement 22) arrangement 2
3) arrangement 33) arrangement 3
4) same for all4) same for all
1 2 3B=? B=?B=?
ConcepTest 19.8b ConcepTest 19.8b Magnetic Field of a Wire IIMagnetic Field of a Wire II
1 2 3
ConcepTest 19.8b ConcepTest 19.8b Magnetic Field of a Wire IIMagnetic Field of a Wire II
Each of the wires in the figures below carry the same current, either into or out of the page. In which case is the magnetic field at the center of the square greatest?
1) arrangement 11) arrangement 1
2) arrangement 22) arrangement 2
3) arrangement 33) arrangement 3
4) same for all4) same for all
ConcepTest 19.9a ConcepTest 19.9a Field and Force IField and Force I
z
y
x
I+q
A positive charge moves parallel A positive charge moves parallel
to a wire. If a current is suddenly to a wire. If a current is suddenly
turned on, in which direction will turned on, in which direction will
the force act?the force act?
1) + 1) + zz (out of page) (out of page)
2) - 2) - zz (into page) (into page)
3) + 3) + xx
4) - 4) - xx
5) - 5) - yy
Using the right-hand rule to determine the
magnetic field produced by the wire, we
find that at the position of the charge +q
(to the left of the wire) the B field points points
out of the pageout of the page. Applying the right-hand
rule again for the magnetic force on the
charge, we find that +q experiences a
force in the +x direction+x direction.
ConcepTest 19.9a ConcepTest 19.9a Field and Force IField and Force I
z
y
x
I+q
A positive charge moves parallel A positive charge moves parallel
to a wire. If a current is suddenly to a wire. If a current is suddenly
turned on, in which direction will turned on, in which direction will
the force act?the force act?
1) + 1) + zz (out of page) (out of page)
2) - 2) - zz (into page) (into page)
3) + 3) + xx
4) - 4) - xx
5) - 5) - yy
Two straight wires run parallel to Two straight wires run parallel to
each other, each carrying a each other, each carrying a
current in the direction shown current in the direction shown
below. The two wires experience below. The two wires experience
a force in which direction?a force in which direction?
1) toward each other1) toward each other
2) away from each other2) away from each other
3) there is no force3) there is no force
ConcepTest 19.9b ConcepTest 19.9b Field and Force IIField and Force II
The current in each wire produces a magnetic
field that is felt by the current of the other
wire. Using the right-hand rule, we find that
each wire experiences a force toward the
other wire (i.e., an attractive forceattractive force) when the
currents are parallelcurrents are parallel (as shown).
ConcepTest 19.9b ConcepTest 19.9b Field and Force IIField and Force II
Two straight wires run parallel to Two straight wires run parallel to
each other, each carrying a each other, each carrying a
current in the direction shown current in the direction shown
below. The two wires experience below. The two wires experience
a force in which direction?a force in which direction?
1) toward each other1) toward each other
2) away from each other2) away from each other
3) there is no force3) there is no force
Follow-up:Follow-up: What happens when What happens when one of the currents is turned off?one of the currents is turned off?
ConcepTest 19.10 ConcepTest 19.10 Current LoopCurrent Loop
P
I
What is the direction of the What is the direction of the
magnetic field at the center magnetic field at the center
(point P) of the square loop (point P) of the square loop
of current?of current?
1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page
Use the right-hand rule for each
wire segment to find that each
segment has its B field pointing
out of the pageout of the page at point P.
ConcepTest 19.10 ConcepTest 19.10 Current LoopCurrent Loop
P
I
What is the direction of the What is the direction of the
magnetic field at the center magnetic field at the center
(point P) of the square loop (point P) of the square loop
of current?of current?
1) left1) left
2) right2) right
3) zero3) zero
4) into the page4) into the page
5) out of the page5) out of the page