Concept Mapping in Practice
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Transcript of Concept Mapping in Practice
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CONCEPT MAPPING IN PRACTICE
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CONTENTS
Definition and substance of Concept maps;
Significance and outspread;
Historical background, basing theoriesConcept maps in practice;
Basic method to create a concept map;
Software overview.
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DEFINITIONS AND SUBSTANCE OF C. MAPS
Concept maps diagrams that graphically represent
knowledge and that are comprised of concepts and the
relationships between them;
Concept mapping structured process, focused on a
topic or construct of interest, involving input from one
or more participants, that produces an interpretablepictorial view (concept map) of their ideas and
concepts and how these are interrelated.
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DEFINITIONS AND SUBSTANCE OF C. MAPS (2)
Concept mapping can be done for the following different
main purposes:
1. to generate ideas (brain storming, etc.);
2. to design a complex structure (long texts, hypermedia,
large web sites, etc.);
3. to communicate complex ideas;
4. to aid learning by explicitly integrating new and old
knowledge;5. to assess understanding or diagnose misunderstanding.
Concept maps externalize and make explicit the conceptual
knowledge that people hold in a knowledge domain.
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IMPORTANCE AND OUTSPREAD
C. Maps just another tool of graphical representation ofinformation.
However!
It's really profound and powerful tool when the technique is
understood properly and when concept maps are createdcarefully.
Outspread today in education and business because:
Concept maps have ability to display forms ofsuperordinate thinking => can communicate complex problems;
C. Maps stimulate the generation of ideas, and arebelieved to aid creativity;
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HISTORY
Late 1960-s mid 1970s.
A research group ofJoseph D. Novak,
PhD (Cornell University & Institute for
Human and Machine Cognition,
University of West Florida, USA);
Workon concept maps was based
on a theoryofknowledge and a
theoryof
lear
ning;
New way of thinking constructivist
epistemology;
Positivistic epistemology is accepted
as dying away.
Joseph Novak!
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HISTORY(2)
Learning does not occur by this model:
Simple
pouring
of information
into learners
head when rote
learning is
exercised
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HISTORY(3)
Rather learning occurs by this model:
Processing of
knowledge
through threedifferent
memory
systems when
meaningful
learning is
exercised
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CONCEPT MAPS IN PRACTICE: EDUCATION
Concept maps an effective tool for mapping
the conceptual human systems.
Visual specifications in the form of a concept
map can be used in learning systems (E-
learning) and in traditional classroom training.
Basically, concept mapping has its roots in
education, and education and learning probably
still constitutes the bulk of its use.
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CONCEPT MAPS IN PRACTICE: EDUCATION (2)
In teaching Concept maps can be used for:
Explanation of topics; when using concept maps
complex concepts can be clarified andpresented in a systematic manner;
Reinforcement of understanding; using conceptmaps can reinforce the understanding and
memorization of training material by thestudent;
Checking the knowledge and identifying wronglylearned material;
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CONCEPT MAPS IN PRACTICE: BUSINESS
Basic application areas in business and management:
Concept mapping as means to reveal expert-novice
differences;
Concept mapping as means to support the design of new
technologies;
Brainstorming techniques; Training and performance support.
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METHODS TO CREATE A CONCEPT MAP
Variety of methods. The particular method that is
employed depends on the purpose of map construction.
A standard concept map construction method defined byNovak & Gowin (1984) involves a series of steps:
1) to define the topic or focus question;
2) to identify and list the most important or general
concepts that are associated with that topic;
3) hierarchical arrangement or morphology;
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METHODS TO CREATE A CONCEPT MAP (2)
links are added to form a preliminary concept map;
linking phrases are added to describe the
relationships among concepts;
to look for cross-links which link together conceptsthat are in different areas or sub-domains on the
map. Cross-links help to elaborate how concepts
are interrelated;
finally, the map is reviewed and anynecessarychanges to structure or content are made.
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SOME SOFTWARE TOOLS
SMART Ideas (Smart Technologies)
This tool allows users to create multi-level
Concept Maps toorganize ideas, to link Concept
Maps to files and Web sites, to switch betweendiagram and outline views, and to publish
Concept Maps on the Web.
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SOME SOFTWARE TOOLS(2)
Inspiration
Inspiration uses a web as a basic graph structure,
and repositions the initially entered concept in
the middle of the screen. This tool does notenforce any particulargraph structure, and the
representation does not require linking phrases.
The software allows the user to switch from
graph tooutline view and back..
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SOME SOFTWARE TOOLS(3)
LifeMap
LifeMap provides the capability to make Vee
diagrams as described in Novak & Gowin (1984).
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Thankyou foryour attention!