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S . N E E B A R
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
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SYSTEM SOFTWARE
System software controls the
hardware and how it works. System
software includes:
Operating systems
Translators
utilities programs
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OPERATING SYSTEM
The operating system is the core
program of a computer. It controls the
hardware and the running of
application programs. All application
programs runs on top of the operating
system
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OPERATING SYSTEM
When you start up your computer, you are booting it.
The booting instructions are contained in the ROM
chip. During booting the computer looks for the
operating system. Here are some examples of
operating systems:
• Windows, which has different versions such as XP,
Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10 etc.
• Mac OS X (Apple)
• Linux
• Unix
• Dos
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TRANSLATORS
These are system software that convert a
programming language into code that the
computer can understand and process.
An interpreter is a translator program that
converts a program to machine language
line by line.
A compiler translates all program lines in one
go to create a stand alone program
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UTILITIES
Utilities programs are usually bundled with an
operating system. They maintain and protect
the operating system. Here are some tasks
performed by utility programs :
• Manages files
• Perform disk formatting which include
clearing a hard disk and reprogramming it
form scratch
• Scans and defragments a hard disk
• Scan for viruses on a hard disk
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APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application programs or
application software are programs
that allow the computer to perform
specific tasks but they are not
essential for the computer to work.
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APPLICATION SOFTWARE CONTINUED
Application software can be
classified under three main
categories:
General purpose software
Special purpose software
Custom written or Tailor made
software
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GENERAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE
A general purpose application, sometimes
known as 'off-the-shelf' is the sort of software
that you use at home and school. Examples
include word processors, spreadsheets,
databases, desktop publishing packages,
graphics packages etc.
This type of software tries to be a “jack of all
trades”. It provides many features that the
majority of users may want e.g. formatting
text, creating charts, organising tables.
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REASONS FOR USING GENERAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE
• It is relatively cheap
• It is easily available
• It will have been thoroughly tested so
there won’t be any serious problems or
bugs
• There will be lots of user support i.e.
books, user guides, online help and
discussion forums on the internet
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GENERAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE
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SPECIAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE Special purpose application software is a
type of software created to execute one
specific task. Special purpose software is
more limited in what it will do in and handles
the specific needs of a particular profession
or business. For example, TurboTax (a tax
preparation package) is a special purpose
application. It adds and substracts numbers
like a spreadsheet but it can't be used for
other purposes apart from preparing taxes
returns.(Special purpose application software
is a type of software created to execute one
specific task.)
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CUSTOM WRITTEN SOFTWARE
Custom written Software or tailor made software is a computer program or Web
site written specifically for your
company, according to your
company's way of doing business. The
opposite of custom software is off-the-
shelf software.
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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF CUSTOM WRITTEN SOFTWARE
Advantages : 1. They are just what the company required. 2. They are made according to the demand of the company so it is easier to process the data and user-friendly.
Disadvantages: 1. They are very expensive as hiring a programmer to create software is very costly. 2. Users need to be trained before using the new software.
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INTEGRATED SOFTWARE
Integrated software is a collection of software
bundled together and are sold in a package. A
good example of integrated software package is
Microsoft Office, which contains programs used in an
office environment.
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INTEGRATED SOFTWARE
Integrated software is a very cost effective
way of buying applications because you can
get several applications for one good price.
These applications are usually similar in their
layout and design so that once you can use
one the others should be easy to use.
It is also very easy to transfer data between
applications because they are designed to
be used in conjunction with each other.
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THE END