Name : N Gopinath

Pin : 10161-CM-010

Branch : DCME

Semister : V

College : Singareni Colleries Polytechnic

STUDENT DETAILS

Contents

HISTORY OF DIGITAL COMPUTER

InventionDevelopmentLanguagesNetworkingTypesPeripherals

George Stibitz is internationallyrecognized as a father of the modern digital computer. 

The first electronic digital computers were developed between 1940 and 1945 in the United Kingdom and United States

First generation computers – (1940-1956)- Vaccum Tubes

Second Generation Computers – (1956-1963)

- Transistors

Third Generation Computers – (1964-1971)- Integrated Circuits

Fourth Generation Computers – (1971- Present)- Micro Processors

Fifth generation Computers - ( Present and Beyond)- Artificial Intelligence

Languages

Two Types of Languages : - Low level Languages- High Level Languages

Low Level Languages

- Machine Language- Assembly Language

High Level Languages

- FORTRAN- COBOL- BASIC- PASCAL- ADA- LISP- C- C++

NET WORKINGNetwork is an inter connected of system is called network

TYPES OF NETWORKS

Three types of networks are given below:

LAN (Local Area Network)WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)WAN (World area network)MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)SAN (Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network)CAN (Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, Cluster Area Network)PAN (Personal Area Network)DAN (Desk Area Network)

Types of Computers

Analog ComputersAnalog Computer is a computing device that works on continuous range of values. The results given by the analog computers will only be approximate since they deal with quantities that vary continuously. It generally deals with physical variables such as voltage, pressure, temperature, speed, etc.

Super ComputersWhen we talk about types of computers, the first type that comes to our mind would be Super computers. They are the best in terms of processing capacity and also the most expensive ones. These computers can process billions of instructions per second. Normally, they will be used for applications which require intensive numerical computations such as stock analysis, weather forecasting etc.Mainframe ComputersMainframe computers can also process data at very high speeds vi.e., hundreds of million instructions per second and they are also quite expensive. Normally, they are used in banking, airlines and railways etc for their applications.

Micro ComputersThe invention of microprocessor (single chip CPU) gave birth to the much cheaper micro computers. They are further classified into

Desktop ComputersLaptop ComputersHandheld Computers(PDAs)

Desktop Computers

Today the Desktop computers are the most popular computer systems.These desktop computers are also known as personal computers or simply PCs. They are usually easier to use and more affordable. They are normally intended for individual users for their word processing and other small application requirements.

Handheld Computers

Handheld computers or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) are pen-based and also battery-powered. They are small and can be carried anywhere. They use a pen like stylus and accept handwritten input directly on the screen. They are not as powerful as desktops or laptops but they are used for scheduling appointments,storing addresses and playing games. They have touch screens which we use with a finger or a stylus.

Laptop Computers

Laptop computers are portable computers. They are lightweight computers with a thin screen. They are also called as notebook computers because of their small size. They can operate on batteries and hence are very popular with travellers. The screen folds down onto the keyboard when not in use.

Peripherals :

Buses

Internal type of slots PCI PCI Express PCMCIA AGP Type of Cards - Video Cars - Sound Card - Network card

External Type of Connections - USB - Firewire - PS/2

Devices - Removable Storage - Non-Removable Storage

Input - Mouse - Key Board - Scanner

Output - Moniter - Printer

TYPES OF SENSORS & PROGRAMING BOARDS

TYPES OF PORTS

TYPES OF PRINTER GEARS