Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8 th edition Unit A: Computer and Internet Basics.
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Transcript of Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8 th edition Unit A: Computer and Internet Basics.
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th edition
Unit A: Computer and Internet BasicsUnit A: Computer and Internet Basics
Objectives
Define computers
Explore how computers work
Categorize computers
Examine personal computers
Introduce software
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 2
Objectives (continued)
Introduce the Internet and the Web
Understand email basics
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 3
Defining Computers
Computer An electronic device that:
• Accepts input• Processes data• Stores data• Produces output
Uses instructions in stored programs
Personal computer (PC)
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 4
Defining Computers (continued)
Computer system includes: Hardware
• Electronic and mechanical parts of the computer
Peripheral devices• Hardware that can be added to a computer
system to expand what a computer can do Software
• Computer program that tells the computer how to perform tasks
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 5
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 6
Figure A-1: A basic computer system
Defining Computers (continued)
Input devices: keyboard, mouse, etc.
Output devices: monitor, printer, speakers, etc.
Digitization Converting text, numbers, sound, photos,
and video into data that can be processed by digital devices
Digital convergence Blending several technologies into a single
product
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 7
Exploring How Computers Work
Turning on a computer May need to enter user ID and password
Computer program, or program Instructions that tell a computer how to carry
out processing tasks
Central processing unit (CPU) Main processor in a computer
Memory: temporarily holds data
Storage: holds data on a permanent basis
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 8
Exploring How Computers Work (continued)
File: named collection of data that exists on a storage medium
Storage medium: hard disk, CD, DVD, flash drive, etc.
Turning off a computer Microsoft Windows computer: use Start
button Apple Macintosh computer: use Apple icon
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 9
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 10
Figure A-4: Start button in different versions of Windows
Categorizing Computers
Personal computers include: Desktop computers Portable computers
• Notebook computers (sometimes called laptop computers)
• Netbooks• Tablet computers
Handheld computer A personal digital assistant (PDA) with
enhanced features
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 11
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 12
Figure A-5: Examples of personal desktop computers
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 13
Figure A-6: Examples of portable personal computers
Categorizing Computers (continued)
Workstations Powerful desktop computers designed for
specialized tasks
Mainframe computer Large, expensive computer which can
process data for thousands of users
Supercomputer
The term server has several meanings Can refer to hardware, software, or a
combination of hardware and software
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 14
Examining Personal Computers
Basic parts of a desktop personal computer system System unit Display device: monitor Keyboard Mouse Storage devices
• Hard disk drive• USB flash drive• Optical drives
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 15
Examining Personal Computers (continued)
Basic parts of a desktop personal computer system (continued) Sound system Printer Network and Internet access
• Modem Web cam
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 16
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 17
Figure A-9: Typical desktop computer system with examples of peripherals
Examining Personal Computers (continued)
Portable computers Come with built-in flat-panel monitor,
keyboard, and speakers Other devices can be connected
Computer network Two or more computers and other devices
connected for sharing data and programs LAN (local area network)
Internet: the largest network in the world
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 18
Introducing Software
Operating system (OS) Master controller for all activities that take
place within a computer system Classified as system software
Computer platform PC platform (also called Windows platform)
• Windows operating system Mac platform
• Macintosh OS Linux OS
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 19
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 20
Figure A-10: Popular operating systems
Introducing Software (continued)
Graphical user interface (GUI) Displays on-screen graphical controls
Application software Computer programs that help you use the
computer to carry out tasks Examples: Adobe Reader, Microsoft Word,
or Corel Paint Shop Pro Photo X2
Sharing files depends on system compatibility
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 21
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 22
Figure A-11: Popular elements of a GUI
Introducing the Internet andthe Web
Use the Internet to communicate with others Electronic mail (also called email) Chat group Instant messaging (IM) Internet telephony
• Also called Voice Over IP (VoIP) Blog
Web (short for World Wide Web) Collection of Web pages, interconnected
through the use of hypertext or links
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 23
Introducing the Internet andthe Web (continued)
A browser is used to view Web pages
Web site: a group of Web pages Home page
Search site: to find information on the Web Search engine
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Every Web page has a unique address
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Communications standard used to transport
Web pages over the InternetComputer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 24
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 25
Figure A-14: Viewing a Web page
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 26
Figure A-15: Parts of a URL
Understanding Email Basics
Email account Need an email provider
• Such as Internet service provider, university, Gmail, Hotmail, etc.
Email address
An email message has several parts Recipient’s email address Address of additional recipients Message subject and body File attachments
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 27
Understanding Email Basics (continued)
Email is based on store-and-forward technology
Email attachment Any file that travels with an email message
Netiquette (Internet etiquette) Guidelines for maintaining civilized, effective
communications online and in emails
Emoticons Symbols that can be added to a message to
help convey an emotion
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 28
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 29
Figure A-16: Parts of an email address
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 30
Figure A-17: Parts of an email message
Talking Points: Who Is Reading Your E-Mail?
Think of your email as a postcard rather than a letter FBI has e-mail scanning technology Many U.S. businesses monitor employee
email Your email may be forwarded to others E-mail providers store backups of your
email and can gather data from them Court decisions seem to state that email
messages on an organization’s system are the property of the organization
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 31
Summary
This chapter introduced: Computer terms and concepts Basic parts of a computer system Different kinds of personal computers Various types of software The Internet, the World Wide Web, and e-
mail Ways to preserve your privacy when using
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 8th Edition 32