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Group: HUB

GENERATION OF

COMPUTER

What We will Discuss

Introduction First Generation Computers Second Generation Computers Third Generation Computers Fourth Generation Computers Fifth Generation Computers

C.O.M.P.U.T.E.R Stands For

C- Common O- Operating M- Machine P- Particularly U- Used T- Technical E- Education R- Research

Definition of Computer

Computer is a advance electronic device that manipulate information/data. It has the ability to retrieve and process data.

It can perform Arithmetic and Logical calculation.

1st Generation Of Computer

1st Generation Computer

The first generation computers were from 1940-1956. It was made up of Vacuum Tubes which were used for circuitry

and for memory. It was expensive to operate. It consumed lots of electricity. It was bigger in size , it occupied a room space. Due to vacuum tubes it generate lot of heat. UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation

computing. It was developed by two scientists Mauchly and Echert.

Limitation Of 1st Generation Computer

It was large in size. It consumed large amount of electricity. Operating of computers were costly. It’s maintenance was costly. It was not portable.

2nd Generation:

The period of second generation was 1959-1963.The transition from first generation to second generation of computers was not abrupt. 

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Smaller in size compared to the first generation of computerThe second generations computers were more reliable

Constant maintenance was requireCooling system was required.

3rd Generation Computers :

The period of third generation  was 1965-1971.

Integrated Circuit :

The computers of third generation used integratedcircuits.A single IC has many transistors, resistors and capacitors.

The IC was invented by Jack Kilby .

Operating system and languages:

In this generation remote processing, time-sharing, multiprogramming operating system were used.

High-level languagesFORTRAN ,COBOL, PASCALPL/1, BASIC, ALGOL - 68etc,IITOIV.were used during this generation

Main features of third generation: IC used Smaller size Generated less heat Faster Lesser maintenance Still costly A.C needed Consumed lesser electricity Supported high-level language

Some computers of this generation: 

IBM-360 series Honeywell-6000 series PDP Personal Data Processor IBM-370/168 TDC-316

4th Generation Computers :

The period of fourth generation was 1971-1980.

Microprocessor :

The fourth generation computers were designed by using microprocessor, as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.

Main features of fourth generation:

Some computers of this generation:

Concept of internet was introducedGreat developments in the fields of networks

PDP 11

CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)

5th Generation Computers :

The period of Fifth generation was Present (1980)-Till date.

Operating system:

Windows LinuxUbuntu FedoraMac OS Unix

Languages:Cobol C++CC sharp JavaPascal PrologFortran

ULSI Circuit :

In the fifth generation of computers Ultra Large Scale Integration circuit (ULSIs ) began to be used

Main features of Fifth generation: ULSI used Smaller size Artificial Intelligence (AI) Some computers of this generation:  Desktop Laptop Note Book Ultra Book Chrome Book

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