Computer Applications Basics - alikhreis.comProf. Hussein CHIBLE Computer Applications Basics...

Prof. Hussein CHIBLE Computer Applications Basics 2015-2016

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LEBANESE UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF TOURISM & HOSPITALITY

MANAGEMENT

Computer Applications Basics Windows & Office Programs

PROF. HUSSEIN CHIBLE

Nine Edition – Academic Year 2015-2016- All Rights Reserved


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PREFACE

This book is a help reference for students who are taking computer (1)

course - first year – first semester - all departments - at the faculty of

Tourism and Hospitality Management – Lebanese University.

This book includes the following topics: Introduction to computer’s

hardware and software; Windows operating system, Word processing

program, and PowerPoint presentation program; Excel spreadsheet program.

Questions and exams are also included.

This book need a computer lab with one computer for each student.

The lab must have the following hardware and the software:

Hardware: 1) Computers; 2) Printers for obtaining hardcopy; 3)

Speakers & Microphone for multimedia applications; and 4)

Internet connection devices.

Software: 1) Microsoft Windows XP or Vista; 2) Microsoft

Office 2003 or 2007 or 2010.

I would like to dedicate this work to my Lina, Ali, Dan, Lyn, and Parents.

Prof. Dr. Hussein CHIBLE

Head of Travel & Tourism Department

Faculty of Tourism & Hospitality Management

Lebanese University

Email: [email protected]

Tuesday, October 30, 2015

mailto:[email protected]


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................................ 2

TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS ........................................................................................................ 9

WHAT IS A COMPUTER? ............................................................................................................................................ 9 THREE BASIC STEPS .............................................................................................................................................. 9

WHAT IS THE HARDWARE?...................................................................................................................................... 10 THE CASE ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES .................................................................................................................................... 13 ACCESSORIES ...................................................................................................................................................... 14

WHAT IS SOFTWARE? .............................................................................................................................................. 17 OPERATING SYSTEMS SOFTWARE ...................................................................................................................... 17 APPLICATIONS/PROGRAMS SOFTWARE ............................................................................................................. 18

COMPUTER SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................................... 21 DECIMAL SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................................... 21 BINARY SYSTEM .................................................................................................................................................. 22 SYSTEM OF BASE N ............................................................................................................................................. 22 CONVERSION BETWEEN SYSTEMS...................................................................................................................... 23 OPERATIONS IN BINARY SYSTEM ....................................................................................................................... 24 QUESTIONS ......................................................................................................................................................... 25

CHAPTER 2: WINDOWS 2000, XP, VISTA .............................................................................................................. 28

WHAT IS WINDOWS ................................................................................................................................................ 28 MOUSE AND KEYBOARD.......................................................................................................................................... 28

MOUSE ............................................................................................................................................................... 28 KEYBOARD .......................................................................................................................................................... 31

WINDOWS EXPLORER ................................................................................................................................................... 33 General ............................................................................................................................................................... 34 Window management........................................................................................................................................ 35 Taskbar ............................................................................................................................................................... 35 Aero .................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Jump Lists ........................................................................................................................................................... 37 Personalization ................................................................................................................................................... 38 Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................................... 38 Gadgets .............................................................................................................................................................. 39 HomeGroup ........................................................................................................................................................ 39

FILE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................................................ 39 WINDOWS ACCESSORIES ........................................................................................................................................ 44

WORDPAD .......................................................................................................................................................... 44 NOTEPAD ............................................................................................................................................................ 44 CALCULATOR ...................................................................................................................................................... 45 PAINT .................................................................................................................................................................. 46

QUESTIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 48

CHAPTER 3: WORD PROGRAM ............................................................................................................................. 52

WORD SCREEN ............................................................................................................................................................ 52 FUNDAMENTAL COMMANDS .......................................................................................................................................... 53 WORD TERMS DEFINITION ............................................................................................................................................. 53


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GENERAL COMMANDS .................................................................................................................................................. 54 NAVIGATION COMMANDS BY KEYBOARD .......................................................................................................................... 54

Navigation the word screen with the Mouse ..................................................................................................... 54 EDITING COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................................... 55 FORMATTING COMMANDS ............................................................................................................................................ 56 SELECTING COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................................ 57

Ways to select text by Mouse ............................................................................................................................ 58 Ways to select text by Keyboard ........................................................................................................................ 58

STYLES ....................................................................................................................................................................... 59 DRAWING COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................................. 60 TABLES COMMANDS ..................................................................................................................................................... 61 ALT + NUMBERS KEYBOARD COMMANDS ........................................................................................................................ 61 TYPING SYMBOLS BY USING THE KEYBOARD........................................................................................................................ 61 OTHER WORD COMMANDS BY USING THE KEYBOARD ......................................................................................................... 62 QUESTIONS................................................................................................................................................................. 63

Define the Role of Each of the Following Important Items ................................................................................ 63 True/False .......................................................................................................................................................... 63 What & Define .................................................................................................................................................... 64 Fill the following tables ...................................................................................................................................... 64 Matching Question ............................................................................................................................................. 65 Fill in the blank Question .................................................................................................................................... 65 Fill the following table about the methods of cut-paste (Move) and copy-paste (Copy): .................................. 65 Mail Merge ......................................................................................................................................................... 66

CHAPTER 4: POWERPOINT PROGRAM ................................................................................................................. 67

POWERPOINT SCREEN .................................................................................................................................................. 67 GENERAL COMMANDS .................................................................................................................................................. 68 EDITING COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................................... 69 NAVIGATION COMMANDS ............................................................................................................................................. 69 SLIDE SHOW COMMANDS .............................................................................................................................................. 70 FORMATTING COMMANDS ............................................................................................................................................ 71 OUTLINE PANE COMMANDS .......................................................................................................................................... 72 IMAGES, MULTIMEDIA, OBJECTS ..................................................................................................................................... 73 TRANSITIONS AND ANIMATION EFFECT ............................................................................................................................. 74 VIEWS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 75 QUESTIONS................................................................................................................................................................. 76

Briefly Answers Questions .................................................................................................................................. 76 Organizational Chart Slides ................................................................................................................................ 77 Presentations ..................................................................................................................................................... 77

CHAPTER 5: EXCEL PROGRAM ............................................................................................................................. 80

DEFINITION ................................................................................................................................................................. 80 WHAT IS EXCEL GOOD FOR? .......................................................................................................................................... 80 EXCEL SCREEN ............................................................................................................................................................. 81

Navigation Commands ....................................................................................................................................... 82 Editing Commands ............................................................................................................................................. 83 Formatting Commands ...................................................................................................................................... 84 Functions and Formulas ..................................................................................................................................... 85 Charts ................................................................................................................................................................. 85 Workbook Management .................................................................................................................................... 86

UNDERSTANDING WORKBOOKS AND WORKSHEETS ............................................................................................................ 87 EXCEL’S WORKSHEET MOVEMENT KEYS ........................................................................................................................... 87 ENTERING DATA VALUES AND USING AUTOCOMPLETE ........................................................................................................ 87


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CONDITIONAL FORMATTING ........................................................................................................................................... 88 ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE CELL REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................... 88 RANGE NAMES ............................................................................................................................................................ 89 AUTO CALCULATE ........................................................................................................................................................ 89 CHARTS...................................................................................................................................................................... 89 LISTS OR DATABASES .................................................................................................................................................... 89 EXCEL AND THE INTERNET .............................................................................................................................................. 90 DATA ANALYSIS AND PIVOT TABLES ................................................................................................................................. 90 SCENARIO - DATA TABLES - GOAL SEEK - SOLVER ............................................................................................................... 90 FORMULAS ................................................................................................................................................................. 91 FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................................................................. 91 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 92

IF ......................................................................................................................................................................... 92 AND .................................................................................................................................................................... 93 OR ....................................................................................................................................................................... 94 NOT .................................................................................................................................................................... 94 FALSE .................................................................................................................................................................. 95 TRUE ................................................................................................................................................................... 95

MATH FUNCTIONS........................................................................................................................................................ 95 ABS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 95 CEILING ............................................................................................................................................................... 96 COUNTIF ............................................................................................................................................................. 96 EVEN ................................................................................................................................................................... 97 FLOOR ................................................................................................................................................................. 97 INT ...................................................................................................................................................................... 98 MOD ................................................................................................................................................................... 98 ODD .................................................................................................................................................................... 99 RAND .................................................................................................................................................................. 99 ROMAN .............................................................................................................................................................. 99 ROUND ............................................................................................................................................................. 100 ROUNDDOWN & ROUNDUP ............................................................................................................................. 100 SUBTOTAL......................................................................................................................................................... 101 SUM .................................................................................................................................................................. 102 SUMIF ............................................................................................................................................................... 102 SUMPRODUCT .................................................................................................................................................. 103 SUMSQ ............................................................................................................................................................. 103 TRUNC .............................................................................................................................................................. 103

DATE &TIME FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 104 DATE ................................................................................................................................................................. 104 DAY ................................................................................................................................................................... 104 TODAY .............................................................................................................................................................. 105

STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 105 AVERAGE .......................................................................................................................................................... 105 COUNT .............................................................................................................................................................. 106 COUNTA ........................................................................................................................................................... 106 COUNTBLANK ................................................................................................................................................... 107 COUNTIF ........................................................................................................................................................... 107 MAX .................................................................................................................................................................. 108 MIN .................................................................................................................................................................. 108 MEDIAN ............................................................................................................................................................ 108 STDEV ............................................................................................................................................................... 109 STDEVP ............................................................................................................................................................. 110

LOOKUP FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 110


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LOOKUP ............................................................................................................................................................ 110 HLOOKUP ......................................................................................................................................................... 112 VLOOKUP .......................................................................................................................................................... 113

TEXT FUNCTIONS ....................................................................................................................................................... 113 CONCATENATE ................................................................................................................................................. 114 EXACT ............................................................................................................................................................... 114 LEFT .................................................................................................................................................................. 114 LEN ................................................................................................................................................................... 115 LOWER.............................................................................................................................................................. 115 MID ................................................................................................................................................................... 115 REPLACE ........................................................................................................................................................... 116 RIGHT ............................................................................................................................................................... 116 UPPER ............................................................................................................................................................... 117

FINANCIAL FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................................................ 117 PMT .................................................................................................................................................................. 117 PPMT ................................................................................................................................................................ 118

CHAPTER 6: EXERCISES & EXAMS ....................................................................................................................... 120

EXERCISES ................................................................................................................................................................ 120 Auto fill Feature, Sum, and Average Functions ................................................................................................ 120 Percentages Values - Comments - Rename - Copy data .................................................................................. 121 Functions (IF, Lookup, Medium, Standard Deviation) ...................................................................................... 122 Charts ............................................................................................................................................................... 122 Tourism Application ......................................................................................................................................... 125 Travel Agency Application ................................................................................................................................ 126 Restaurant Application ..................................................................................................................................... 127 General Exercise ............................................................................................................................................... 128 Excel Projects .................................................................................................................................................... 131

EXAMS ................................................................................................................................................................... 132 Windows Exam ................................................................................................................................................. 132 Word Exam ....................................................................................................................................................... 135 Excel Exam ........................................................................................................................................................ 139 Full Exam1 ........................................................................................................................................................ 148 Full Exam2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 157

REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................... 162

INDEX ................................................................................................................................................................ 163

AUTHOR’S INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................. 165


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Table of Figures Figure 1: The computer hardware. ............................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 2: Tower Case. ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 3: Desktop Case. ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 4: Motherboard. ................................................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 5: CPU. ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Figure 6: Keyboard. ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 7: Mouse. .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 8: Monitor (Screen). ......................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 9: Printer. .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 10: speakers & microphone and headphones. .................................................................................................. 15 Figure 11: UPS. ........................................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 12: Scanner. ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 13: Modem. ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 14: Windows Screen......................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 15: Word Program. ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 16: Excel Program. ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 17: Internet Explorer. ....................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 18: Mouse. ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 Figure 19: Keyboard Keys. .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 20: Windows Explorer. .................................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 21: General Commands. ................................................................................................................................... 34 Figure 22: Window Management. ............................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 23: Taskbar Commands. ................................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 24: Aero Commands......................................................................................................................................... 36 Figure 25: Jump Lists. ................................................................................................................................................. 37 Figure 26: Personalization. .......................................................................................................................................... 38 Figure 27: Maintenance. .............................................................................................................................................. 38 Figure 28: Gadgets....................................................................................................................................................... 39 Figure 29: Home Group. .............................................................................................................................................. 39 Figure 30: Save As Command. .................................................................................................................................... 42 Figure 31: Printing Options. ........................................................................................................................................ 43 Figure 32: WordPad. .................................................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 33: NotePad. ..................................................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 34: Calculator. .................................................................................................................................................. 46 Figure 35: Paint. .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 Figure 36: Word Screen. .............................................................................................................................................. 52 Figure 37: Fundamental Commands. ........................................................................................................................... 53 Figure 38: General Commands. ................................................................................................................................... 54 Figure 40: Editing Commands. .................................................................................................................................... 56 Figure 41: Formatting Commands. .............................................................................................................................. 56 Figure 42: Selection Commands. ................................................................................................................................. 57 Figure 43: Styles Commands. ...................................................................................................................................... 59 Figure 44: Drawing Commands. .................................................................................................................................. 60 Figure 45: Tables Commands. ..................................................................................................................................... 61 Figure 46: PowerPoint 2010 Screen. ........................................................................................................................... 67 Figure 47: Fundamentals Commands. ......................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 48: General Commands. ................................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 49: Editing Commands. .................................................................................................................................... 69 Figure 50: Navigation Commands. .............................................................................................................................. 69 Figure 51: Slide Show Delivery Commands. .............................................................................................................. 70 Figure 52: Formatting Commands. .............................................................................................................................. 71 Figure 53: Outline Pane. .............................................................................................................................................. 72 Figure 54: Images, Multimedia, Objects. .................................................................................................................... 73 Figure 55: Transitions and Animation effect. .............................................................................................................. 74


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Figure 56: Views. ........................................................................................................................................................ 75 Figure 57: Excel 2010 Screen. ..................................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 58: General Commands. ................................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 59: Navigation Commands. .............................................................................................................................. 82 Figure 60: Editing Commands. .................................................................................................................................... 83 Figure 61: Formatting Commands. .............................................................................................................................. 84 Figure 62: Formulas & Functions. ............................................................................................................................... 85 Figure 63: Charts. ........................................................................................................................................................ 85


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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

WHAT IS A COMPUTER?

Computers have infiltrated every aspect of our society. Today computers do:

o Computing in any company;

o Computing in travel agencies, airlines, airports in tourism sector.

Computers do much more than simply compute:

o supermarket scanners calculate our grocery bill while keeping store inventory;

o computerized telephone switching centers play traffic cop to millions of calls and

keep lines of communication untangled;

o Automatic teller machines let us conduct banking transactions from virtually

anywhere in the world.

The Computer is an electrical appliance.

o Electrical appliances are built to perform certain functions.

o When you switch an appliance on or off, you control when the appliance performs

its functions.

o The main difference between a Computer and what you might consider other

household appliances is its flexibility.

A Computer can be programmed to run a host of applications, such as:

o Word processing to create letters, books, reports, for example Word

o Spreadsheets to work with formulas and tables, for example Excel

o Databases to save and store and mange information, for example Access

o Accounting can be done by many programs, for example Excel.

o Designing websites can be done by many programs, for example FrontPage &

Expression Web.

o Browsing the internet can be done by many programs, for example Internet

Explorer.

o Building CD can be done by many programs, for example Multimedia Builder.

o …..

THREE BASIC STEPS

A computer can be described as any machine that performs three basic steps:

o Input is the step of getting the information or data into the computer from an

external source. This involves using a structured input device, such as a keyboard,

a mouse, or a scanner.


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o Process is the actual work; the computer performs to produce output. It modifies

the data in a program. It runs the data through an application designed to

specifically alter the data.

o Output is the result; the computer produces after a program's execution. Monitor

and printer are examples of output devices.

For example:

o If you want to create a letter using a computer, you input, or type the actual words

into a word-processing program.

o You then process the document by spell checking it.

o While you are working, the computer displays what you are typing and the

changes you make on the monitor, allowing you to view the output.

If you decide you want a printout, then the input, process, output steps are repeated.

Selecting the printing commands is input, the computer executing the command is the

process, and the printer producing the hard copy is the output.

WHAT IS THE HARDWARE?

Hardware is all the physical components of a computer system (see Figure 1 and the next

table), such as:

o The case and the monitor (screen).

o Any part of the computer that you can see or touch is considered hardware.

o Hardware also includes any accessories attracted to a computer, also called

“peripherals".

o Some common peripherals are printers, modem, external hard drives and scanners.

Figure 1: The computer hardware.


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THE CASE

The Case houses all the major components of the computer. It contains of:

1. The motherboard;

2. One or more Hard disk drives;

3. Storage devices;

There are two main types of computer cases: desktop or tower (See Figure 2 & Figure 3).

You can choose the case depending on your convenience area and how can be expanded

in the future.

Figure 2: Tower Case.

Figure 3: Desktop Case.

(1) The Motherboard

Most of the basic components of the computer are built into the motherboard (see Figure

4):

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU), which is the "brain" and the heart of each

computer; it is also known as a microprocessor.

2. Electronic memory RAM (Random Access Memory), which reads and writes to

what happens actually on the screen. When the power's turned off, RAM erases

itself.

3. ROM (Read Only Memory), which cannot be written to - only read from.

4. Expansion Cards such as Enhanced graphics, Networking, Fax, Modem, CD

quality sound, and many other functions.

Figure 4: Motherboard.


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Computer Speed

Speed directly affects the performance of a CPU (See Figure 5), the faster the speed, the

faster information is processed (the better the performance).

CPU speed is measured in Megahertz (MHz). The speed (MHz) is the frequency of the

CPU clock “fc" (fc=1/Tc), where Tc is the period of the clock.

For example, a CPU with 300MHz means that the CPU does 300 millions operations per

second, or, it means that each operation will take Tc second to be done. Tc in this case is

equal to 3.3ns.

Figure 5: CPU.

(2) Hard disk drive

It stores programs and data permanently "Unlike the electronic memory RAM". Most

computers are equipped with at least one hard drive. Normally they installed inside the

computer case. External hard drives are also available. Data is magnetically stored inside

the hard disk drive on rotating disks. Now, their capacity reaches up until 1000GB.

(3) Storage devices drives

o USB (1GB -…).

o CD drives (650MB).

o DVD drives (4.7GB).

o Floppy disk drives (1.44MB) – not used today.

Summary:

TYPE LABEL SIZE

Floppy DISK A,B 1.44MB

HARD DISK C & above 4.3GB – 300 GB

CD-ROM D & above 600-750 MB

CD-W D & above 600-750 MB

USB D & above 0.25- 4GB

DVD D & above 4.7GB


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INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES

They are the relation between the user and the computer. The input devices convert our

commands and language to computer codes. The output devices do the vice versa. Keyboard,

Monitor and Mouse are examples of input/output devices.

(1) Keyboard

The Keyboard is considered an input device. It is used to enter commands, information to

the computer. It is the relation between the user and the computer. It converts our

commands to computer codes to be understood by the CPU.

In the following the keyboard buttons are explained:

o Letters and Numbers buttons: They are used to type text and write numbers.

o Function Buttons are [F1, F2, F3, F4…F12]. For example F1 is used to ask help.

o Numeric Keypad buttons (See Figure 6).

o You have to press a key called Num Lock, otherwise they are cursor control keys

[Home, PgUp….].

o Cursor-Control buttons are [up, down, left and right arrows]. They are used to

move the cursor on-screen.

o Home, Page Up, Page Down, End buttons are used for word processing program.

o Shift button: It must be used with other button to perform a command. For

example, it is used to create uppercase letter by pressing on the Shift plus the

letter.

o Ctrl button is like Shift button.

o Other buttons: ESC is for escape. DELETE to delete right. BACK SPACE to

delete left. Tab is equal to a specified distance. ALT stands for Alternate. …..

Figure 6: Keyboard.

(2) Mouse

Many programs sold today are designed to work with a mouse. The mouse is essential for

windows. It is used to replace hard-to-learn key combinations with easier “point & click”

actions. The mouse can be left-handed or right-handed and this depends on each human.

The left button is used normally to execute commands, while the right button is used to

obtain a shortcut menu of commands.


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Figure 7: Mouse.

(3) Monitor

The Monitor is considered an output device. It is the relation between the computer and

the user.

Computer information is displayed visually with a Video Adapter & Monitor. The Video

Adapter converts information from the format used by the CPU into a format used by the

Monitor. It converts the computer codes to understood information. The Monitor displays

information sent to it by the video adapter much as a television displays information sent

to it by a cable service.

Figure 8: Monitor (Screen).

ACCESSORIES

They are not necessary to run the computer. But one needs them to accomplish his work.

For example, to get a hard copy of your work you need a printer and so on. UPS, Printer,

and scanner are examples of Accessories devices.

(1) Printers

The printer is used to obtain a hard copy of the work you do by the computer. After a

document is created on the computer, you can send it to a printer for a « hardcopy »

(Printout). The speed of the printer is measured by (pages/minutes: PPM) or character per

second (CPS). The quality of a printout is measured in « dots per inch » (or DPI).

Generally 300DPI is acceptable for office application.


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Figure 9: Printer.

(2) Speakers & Microphone

It allows a computer to output (speakers) and input (microphones) high-quality sound &

music.

Figure 10: speakers & microphone and headphones.

(3) Joystick

It is a pointing device commonly used in games. It provides more realistic control for

many games than keyboard or mouse.

(4) UPS

UPS is used to give an electrical power to the computer when the main electrical power is

turned off by some reasons. The UPS characteristics can be measured by its power and

working time. Greater power means longer working time. For example, if we have 400W

UPS gives 12min, and then 450W will give more than 12min.

Figure 11: UPS.

(5) Scanner

It is a peripheral used for input. Under the control of computer software, a scanner

translates what it « sees » on a page into a format the computer can use. This process is

known as « digitizing » or « scanning ». A scanner is like an office copier, except it

creates a file instead of a paper copy.


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Figure 12: Scanner.

(6) Modem

A modem enables your computer to talk on the phone with another computer, if each has

a compatible modem. To send data, a modem translates the format a computer uses to a

format the telephone line transmits; while to receive data, a modem translates the data

from the telephone line back to a format the computer understands. There are two types:

external modem and internal modem that can be inside the case. A modem is like a

telephone. The telephone is used to translate the human speech into electrical signal

(microphone) & vice versa (Speakers). The modem is used to translate the computer

codes in electrical signal & vice versa.

Figure 13: Modem.


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WHAT IS SOFTWARE?

Software is a set of electronic instructions for the computer that helps you do something useful.

Without Software, Computer hardware is like an airplane without a pilot. You can not actually

see or touch software, although you can see the packages they come in. Two Kinds of software

exist:

1) Operating system software;

2) Application software.

OPERATING SYSTEMS SOFTWARE

Operating system software is the office manager of the computer, directing all system

operations and functions.

It also acts as a translator, allowing the user and computer to communicate with each

other.

This software sets the rules for how the computer, its peripherals (e.g. printer, and

application program) work together.

MS-DOS, Windows, UNIX, LINUX are operating systems.

MS-DOS was used in the previous generation of computers, and still be accessed from

inside Windows operating system.

Windows is the famous and from the most popular operating system.

Figure 14: Windows Screen.


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APPLICATIONS/PROGRAMS SOFTWARE

It enables you to write letters, sort files, and draw pictures and even play games. Some popular

applications include:

1. Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983

under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems

Figure 15: Word Program.

2. Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS

X, and iOS. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming

language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet

for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the

industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of Microsoft Office.

Figure 16: Excel Program.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_processor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenix

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreadsheet


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivot_table

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_(computer_science)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office


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3. Microsoft PowerPoint is a slide show presentation program currently developed by

Microsoft. PowerPoint's predecessor, "Presenter", was created by Forethought Inc., and

PowerPoint was officially launched on May 22, 1990, as a part of the Microsoft Office suite.

PowerPoint is well known for helping develop the slide based presentation format, and is

currently one of the most commonly-used presentation programs available.

4. Microsoft Outlook is a personal information manager from Microsoft, available as a part

of the Microsoft Office suite. Although often used mainly as an email application, it also

includes a calendar, task manager, contact manager, note taking, journal, and web browsing.

5. Microsoft InfoPath is a software application for designing, distributing, filling and

submitting electronic forms containing structured data. Microsoft initially released InfoPath

as part of Microsoft Office 2003 family. The product features a WYSIWYG form designer in

which the various controls (e.g. textbox, radio Button, checkbox) are bound to data,

represented separately as a hierarchical tree view of folders and data fields. On January 31,

2014, Microsoft announced that InfoPath was discontinued and will be replaced by a more

cross-platform solution currently under development. The client application is supported

until April 2023.

6. Microsoft OneNote is a computer program for free-form information gathering and multi-

user collaboration. It gathers users' notes (handwritten or typed), drawings, screen clippings

and audio commentaries. Notes can be shared with other OneNote users over the Internet or a

network. OneNote is available as a part of the Microsoft Office suite. It is also available as a

free stand-alone application for Windows, Mac, Windows RT, Windows Phone, iOS,

Android and Symbian.[4] A web-based version of OneNote is provided as part of OneDrive

or Office Online and enables users to edit notes via a web browser.

7. Microsoft Project is a project management software program, developed and sold by

Microsoft, that is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning

resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads.

Microsoft Project was the company's third Microsoft Windows-based application, and within

a couple of years of its introduction it became the dominant PC-based project management

software.

8. Microsoft Access is a DBMS (also known as Database Management System) from

Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user

interface and software-development tools. It is a member of the Microsoft Office suite of

applications, included in the Professional and higher editions or sold separately. Microsoft

Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine. It can also

import or link directly to data stored in other applications and databases.

9. SharePoint is a web application platform in the Microsoft Office server suite. Launched in

2001,[3] SharePoint combines various functions which are traditionally separate applications:

intranet, extranet, content management, document management, personal cloud, enterprise

social networking, enterprise search, business intelligence, workflow management, web

content management, and an enterprise application store.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_show

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation_program


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forethought_Inc.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_information_manager



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendaring_software

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_management#Software_applications

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_manager

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Note_taking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_(computing)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_application

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Form_(document)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_2003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WYSIWYG

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textbox

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Button

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkbox

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discontinued

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_RT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phone

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_OneNote#cite_note-onenote_for_free_everywhere-4

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OneDrive

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Online

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_management_software


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_manager

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(project_management)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBMS


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Jet_Database_Engine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SharePoint#cite_note-history-3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extranet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_management

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_management_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_cloud

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_social_networking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_social_networking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_search

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_intelligence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workflow_management

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_content_management

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_content_management


20

10. Microsoft Publisher is an entry-level desktop publishing application from Microsoft,

differing from Microsoft Word in that the emphasis is placed on page layout and design

rather than text composition and proofing.

11. Microsoft Visio (formerly Microsoft Office Visio) is a diagramming and vector graphics

application and is part of the Microsoft Office family. The product was first introduced in

1992, made by the Shapeware corporation. It was acquired by Microsoft in 2000.

12. Internet (Internet Explorer, Netscape, Outlook express, ftp, telnet ...).

Figure 17: Internet Explorer.

13. Games: Solitaire, Minesweeper…

14. Adobe Photoshop, Acrobat reader, Acrobat Writer, …

15. Tourism Applications such as Galileo, Amadeus, World span, Saber programs.

16. Hotel management application such as Fidelio, Omega, Gamma.

17. Etc…

It is important not to confuse operating system software with application software. The

computer uses Operating system software to communicate with the user, while application

software is designed to perform a set of interrelated tasks. For instance, you use word-processing

software to create and edit document. Those are interrelated tasks, and therefore part of the

program or the application. However, when you are ready to save your work, it is the operating

system that executes your commands, saving the file to the directory you specify. The operating

system by itself is incapable of performing the advance editing and formatting in a word-

processing document.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_publishing


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagramming_software

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphics




21

COMPUTER SYSTEM

The computer's world is very different with respect to our world. The computer can

understand only 0s and 1s. 0s and 1s can present each number, letter and picture. The computer

memory and microprocessor composed of thousands of electronic circuits. Each circuit

represents 0 if its output is 0 volt and 1 if its output is equal to the supply voltage (5V).

All inputs must be translated to 0s and 1s to be understood by the computer, and vice

versa all outputs to be displayed on the Monitor must be translated to our language to be

understood by us. Read the following states:

1. All decimal numbers must be written in binary numbers by converting the decimal

numbers into binary numbers and vice versa;

2. All letters, commands and symbols a, b, c, d…x, y, z, *, #, @… must be presented by a

combination of 0s and 1s code.

3. Natural pictures and other things can be presented by special software that transforms the

picture into format the computer can understand by 0s and 1s.

Example (9 + 5 = 14):

Input: You use the keyboard to type 9 then + then 5. The computer translates 9 to 1001, 5 to 101

and + to a special code of 0s and 1s.

Process: The computer operates in 0s and 1s mode by adding 1001 to 101 and gives 1110 as a

result.

Output: The computer translates the results 1110 to 14 and displays it on the monitor.

DECIMAL SYSTEM

What is the decimal system?

It is the system of numbers of base 10.

It consists of the following ten numbers: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.

It is used in our daily computation.

All other numbers must be a combination of the above ten numbers (ten digits).

A number larger than 9 is represented through a convention which assigns a significance to

the place or position occupied by a digit. Decimal numbers are presented in the following

table.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

…. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. ….

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109

110 111 112 …. …. …. …. …. …. ….

A decimal number such as 6903 is written by:

6*1000+ 9*100 + 0*10 + 3*1


22

or

6*103 + 9 *102+ 0*101 + 3*100

where 10 is called the radix or the base of the decimal system.

BINARY SYSTEM

What is the binary system?

It is the system of numbers of base 2.

It consists of the following two numbers: 0,1.

It is used in computer computation, and it can also be called digital system.

All other numbers must be a combination of the above two numbers (two digits).

A number larger than 1 is represented through a convention, which assigns significance to

the place or position, occupied by a digit as in Decimal system.

See the following table for binary numbers:

0 1 10 11 100 101 110 111

1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111

10000 …. …. …. …. …. …. ….

Which are equivalent in Decimal numbers to:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 …. …. …. …. …. …. ….

In the binary system the individual digits represent the coefficients of powers of two rather than

ten, as in decimal system. For example 1001 is written by:

1001 = 1*23 + 0 *22+ 0*21+ 1 *20 = 9.

Where 2 is called the radix or the base of the binary system.

SYSTEM OF BASE N

The number of digits in any base (radix) N is exactly the same number N. For example, in the

binary (N = 2) system there are two digits: 0 and 1; in the decimal (N = 10) there are ten:

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. If N>10, the missing digits come from the alphabet (usually disregarding the

case) thus A stands for the decimal 10 in any number system with base greater than 10. B stands

for the decimal 11 in any number system with base greater than 11, and so on.


23

CONVERSION BETWEEN SYSTEMS

1) Decimal - to - Binary Conversion:

Conversion of 19 is solved by:

Divided by 2 0 1 2 4 9 19 Decimal

Remainder 1 0 0 1 1 Binary

The binary number equivalent to 19 is 10011.

2) Binary -to - Decimal Conversion:

Conversion of 10011 is solved by:

10011=1*24+0*23 + 0 *22+ 1*21+ 1 *20

=16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 =19 decimal

Another simple method is given by:

1 0 0 1 1

X

16 8 4 2 1

______________________________

16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 19

3) Decimal -to -Binary Conversion for numbers less than 1:

Conversion of 0.8125 is solved by:

Multiplied by 2 0.8125*2 0.625*2 0.25*2

0.5*2

Result above - 1 1.625-1=0.625 1.25-1=0.25 0.5-1=-0.5 1-

1=0

If x>0 write 1 other -1 1 1 0 1

The binary number equivalent to 0.8125 is 0.1101.

4) Binary -to -Decimal Conversion for numbers less than 1:

Conversion of 0.1101 is solved by:

0.1101 =1*2-1+1*2-2 + 0 *2-3+ 1*2-4

=0.5 + 0.25 + 0 + 0.0625 = 0.8125 decimal

Another simple method is given by:

1 1 0 1

X

1/2 1/4 1/8 1/16

______________________________

1/2 + 1/4 + 0 + 1/16 = 0.8125


24

5) Binary -to -Decimal Conversion and vice versa for general numbers:

In decimal:

1.8125 is written as follows: 1*100 + 8 *10-1+ 1*10-2+ 2 *10-3 + 5 *10-4

In Binary:

100.001 = 1*22 + 0*21 + 0*20 + 0 *2-1+ 0*10-2 +1*2-3

= 4 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 +0.125 =4.125 (decimal)

A simple method is given by:

1 0 0 ,0 0 1

X

4 2 1 ,1/2 1/4 1/8

_____________________________________

4 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1/8 = 4.125

To do the contrary we use the following method:

Divided by 2 General Number Multiplied by 2

1 2 4 4.125 0.125 0.25 0.5 1

1 0 0 . 0 0 1

100.001

The binary number equivalent to 4.125 is 100.001.

OPERATIONS IN BINARY SYSTEM

Addition in Binary System:

0+0=0

0+1=1

1+0=1

1+1=0 Carry 1

Subtraction in Binary System:

0-0=0

0-1=1 Borrow 1

1-0=1

1-1=0 Multiplication in Binary System:

0*0=0

0*1=0

1*0=0

1*1=1 Division in Binary System:

0/1=0

1/1=1

Examples:


25

1) 101 + 100 (5+4).

1 (carry)

1 0 1

1 0 0

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 0 0 1

2) 101 - 11 (5-3).

0 (borrow)10

1 0 1

0 1 1

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0 1 0

3) 101 * 10 (5*2).

1 0 1

1 0

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0 0 0

1 0 1

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 0 1 0

4) 110 / 10 (6/2).

1 1 0 1 0

1 0 1 1

0 1 0

1 0

0 0

QUESTIONS

CIRCLE THE TRUE AND CROSS THE FALSE:

I- What is a computer:

1. A Computer can be programmed to run a host of applications, such as accounting,

communication, databases, spreadsheets, word processing, desktop publishing and graphic

arts.

X

X

+


26

2. A computer can be described as any machine that performs three basic steps: Input,

Process and Output.

3. Output is the step of getting the information or data into the computer from an external

source.

4. Input is the result; the computer produces after a program's execution.

II- Hardware

1. Hardware is all the physical components of a computer system, such as the case and the

monitor (screen).

2. Any part of the computer that you can see or touch is considered Software.

3. Hard disk stores programs and data permanently. Most computers are equipped with at

least one hard drive.

4. The Keyboard is considered an input device. It is used to enter commands, information to

the computer.

III- Hardware Accessories

1. The printer is used to obtain a hard copy of the work you do by the computer.

2. Speakers & Microphone allows a computer to output (speakers) and input (microphones)

high-quality sound & music.

3. UPS is used to give an electrical power to the computer when the main electrical power is

turned off by some reasons.

4. The speed of the printer is measured by DPI “Dot per Inch”.

IV- Software

1. Software is a set of electronic instructions for the computer that helps you do something

useful.

2. Three Kinds of software exist: 1) Operating system; 2) Application; 3) Windows.

3. Operating system software is the office manager of the computer, directing all system

operations and functions.

4. The operating system is also your computer’s platform, the foundation upon which all

other programs run.

V- Windows

1. Windows is the Microsoft operating system and Windows Vista is the latest version.

2. Double-click when you want to Open a file.


27

3. To switch between applications press the <Tab> key while you’re holding down the

<Alt> key.

4. The <F3> key is the help key, and pressing it displays helpful information about what

you’re doing.

5. Use the < Delete > key to fix your typing mistakes—it erases characters to the left of the

insertion point.

6. To Restore a Deleted File: Double-click the Recycle Bin to open it, then Find and right-

click the deleted file and select Restore from the shortcut menu.

7. To print a file: Press <Ctrl> + <X >.

8. In The dialog box, you can have radio or check buttons.

9. The Shutdown command is the same thing as Restart.

10. The keyboard shortcut to close a window is Alt+F4.

VI- Binary System

11. What are the difference among Decimal system, Binary System and System of Base N.

12. Convert the following Decimal numbers to Binary numbers:

11, 33, 41, 100, 1234567, 1000000000, 109.

13. Convert the following Binary numbers to Decimal numbers:

110011, 11101, 111,101010, 1010101010, 1111100000, 110110110.

14. Calculates the following numbers in decimal and then in Binary numbers:

5*3, 4*2, 4/2, 9/3, 5-3, 9-6, 5+4, 8+1.

15. Compute the following operations in binary, then verify your answers:

10101010 + 11110000

11110011 - 10100010

1110 * 101

1111 / 11

16. Use the calculator to solve the above questions. Verify your results.


28

CHAPTER 2: WINDOWS 2000, XP, VISTA

WHAT IS WINDOWS

Windows is the Microsoft operating system (See the previous section “What is Software?”).

The following version are organized as they are created in time:

Windows 95 and Windows 98 (1995 and 1998).

Windows 2000.

Windows XP.

Windows Vista is the latest version.

Windows 7.

Windows 8.

One thing that’s unique about an operating system is that it’s the only software that a

computer is required to have.

If you try to start a computer that has no operating system installed on it, you get nothing.

The operating system is also your computer’s platform, the foundation upon which all other

programs run.

MOUSE AND KEYBOARD

This section covers the basics about learning how to use the mouse and the keyboard. You’ll

learn how to operate the mouse by clicking, double-clicking, dragging and dropping, right

dragging and right clicking. You’ll also learn about your computer’s keyboard and what those

cryptic-looking keys on it are used for.

MOUSE

The mouse lets you point at, select, and move objects on your computer screen.

The mouse is linked to the pointer on your computer screen—when you move the mouse

on your desk, the pointer moves on the computer screen. Think of the mouse as an

electronic extension of your hand.

The mouse is an important peripheral of the windows XP user interface. It allows you to

execute commands, select text in a document, navigate the desktop, and manipulate

windows.

Most mice have two mouse buttons, but there are mice with three buttons. Also there are

mice with special characteristics.


29

Figure 18: Mouse.

Click

Normally you press once on the left mouse button.

Click when you want to:

Select something

Open a menu

Press a button on a toolbar or in a dialog box

Move to the area or field you want in a program or dialog box.

Click Click

Normally you press twice slowly on the left mouse button.

Click on any ICON, then click the ICON name, allows you to rename the ICON.

Triple Click

Normally you press three times rapidly on the left mouse button.

Triple Click when you want to:

Select a paragraph in word document by triple click over the paragraph.

Select the whole document by triple click at the left blank area of the page.

Double Click

Normally you press twice rapidly on the left mouse button.

Double-click when you want to:


30

Open a file.

Open a folder.

Display the properties or settings for an object.

Right-Click

Normally you press once on the right mouse button. Whenever you right click something, it

brings up a shortcut menu that lists everything you can do to the object. Whenever you’re unsure

or curious about what you can do with an object, point to it and click it with the right mouse

button. A shortcut menu will appear with a list of commands related to the object or area you

right-clicked.

Right-Click when you want to:

Open a popup menu of commands related to any object (File, Folder, Program, Desktop,

Taskbar, …)

Get properties of any object

To rename, delete …a file or a folder.

Drag

You can move items around your computer screen by dragging and dropping them with the

mouse. To drag and drop something you:

1) Move the mouse pointer over the object you want to move, then click and hold down

the mouse button;

2) While you are still holding down the mouse button, move the mouse until the pointer

is over the place you want to put the object;

3) Release the mouse button.

You can do this: By dragging this:

Move a window to a new

location on the screen

Drag the window by its title bar and drop it in a new

location on the screen.

Move a file to a new folder Drag the file and drop it in the desired folder.

Change the size of a window Drag the borders or corners of the window.

Scroll a window to see

something located off screen.

Drag the scroll box (the little elevator) up or down

the scroll bar and drop it in a new location.

Move just about anything on

your computer’s screen

Point to the object, click and hold down the mouse

button, drag the object to a new place, and then

release the mouse button

Right-Drag

To move, to copy, to create a shortcut for any object, you can use the right-drag method for that

object. A popup (shortcut) menu will open with the following commands:

Move it here (to move the object)

Copy it here (to copy the object)

Create shortcut here (to create a shortcut for the object)


31

Cancel (Exit from the popup menu)

KEYBOARD

Now that you’ve mastered the mouse, it’s time to move on to the other device that you use to

control your computer: the keyboard. The keyboard may seem more familiar and easy to use than

the mouse at first; Computer keyboards have some extra keys that you need to know about.

What is the Keystroke Combination?

It is used heavily in computer; to use them: Press and hold down the first key, press the second

key, and then release both keys.

For example, press the <Tab> key while you’re holding down the <Alt> key (to switch between

applications). Another example, press <Alt> + <F4> to close down the current running program.

Figure 19: Keyboard Keys.

SPECIAL KEYS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

ALT KEY: The <Alt> key doesn’t do anything by itself—it needs another key to make

things happen. For example, pressing the <Tab> key while holding down the <Alt> key

switches between any programs that are currently running.

CTRL KEY: Just like the <Alt> key, the <Ctrl> doesn’t do anything by itself—you need

to press another key with it to make things happen. For example, pressing the <X> key

while holding down the <Ctrl> key cuts whatever is selected.

F1 KEY: The <F1> key is the help key, and pressing it displays helpful information

about what you’re doing.


32

ESC KEY: The <Esc> (Escape) key is the “Wait, I’ve changed my mind” key and is the

same as clicking Cancel in a dialog box. For example, if you click something and an

unfamiliar dialog box appears you can close it by pressing the <Esc> key.

ENTER KEY: The <Enter> key is the “Carry out my orders” key and is the same as

clicking the OK button in a dialog box. For example, after you’ve typed the name of a

program you want to run in a dialog box, press <Enter> to run the program. The <Enter>

key also adds starts a new line or paragraph if you’re entering text.

TAB KEY: When you’re in a dialog box, pressing the <Tab> key moves to the next

field. When you’re using a word processor the <Tab> key works just like you’d think it

would and jumps to the nearest tab stop whenever you press it.

ARROWS’ KEYS: The arrow keys move your computer’s cursor across the screen.

DELETE KEY: The <Delete> key deletes or erases whatever you select—files, text, or

graphical objects. If you’re working with text, the <Delete> key erases characters to the

right of the insertion point.

BACKSPACE KEY: Use the <Backspace> key to fix your typing mistakes—it erases

characters to the left of the insertion point.

HOME KEY: The <Home> key jumps to the beginning of the current line when you’re

working with text.

END KEY: The <End> key jumps to the end of the current line when you’re working

with text.

PAGEUP KEY: The <Page Up> key moves up one screen.

PAGEDOWN KEY: The <Page Down> key moves down one screen.


33

Windows Explorer

Figure 20: Windows Explorer.


34

General

`

Figure 21: General Commands.

To Maximize a Window:

Click the window’s Maximize button.

Or…

Double-click the window’s title bar.

To Restore a Maximized Window:

Click the window’s Restore button.

Or…

Double-click the window’s title bar.

To Minimize a Window:

Click the window’s Minimize button.

To Restore a Minimized Window:

Click the window’s icon on the taskbar.

To Close a Window:

Click the window’s close button.

Or…

Right-click the program’s icon on the task bars and selects Close from the shortcut menu.

Or…

Press <Alt> + <F4>.

To Close All Open Windows:

Hold down the <Shift> key while you click the close button of any window.

To Move a Window:

Click and drag the window by its title bar. Release the mouse button to drop the window

in the desired location on the screen.

To Change a Window’s Size:


35

1. Point at the window’s edges or corners until the pointer changes to a double-arrow.

2. Click and hold down the mouse button and drag the edge or corner to a new location,

until the window is the size you want.

To switch between the programs you’re running

Click the program’s icon on the taskbar.

Or…

Click any part of the window you want to appear on front.

Or…

Press and hold down the <Alt> key and press the <Tab> to display the task list. Press the

<Tab> key until the program you want is selected then releases the <Alt> key.

Window management

Figure 22: Window Management.

Taskbar

Figure 23: Taskbar Commands.


36

Aero

Figure 24: Aero Commands.


37

Jump Lists

Figure 25: Jump Lists.


38

Personalization

Figure 26: Personalization.

Maintenance

Figure 27: Maintenance.


39

Gadgets

Figure 28: Gadgets.

HomeGroup

Figure 29: Home Group.

FILE MANAGEMENT

To Open a Folder:

Right-click the folder, select Open from the shortcut menu.

Or

Double-click the folder.


40

To Rename a Folder, use one of the following methods:

Right-click the folder, select Rename from the shortcut menu, type a name for the folder

and press <Enter>.

Click click (by the mouse)

File menu Rename (by the mouse)

Click + F2 button on the keyboard (by the mouse+ keyboard)

Arrows keys + F2 button (by the keyboard)

CLICK CLICK + ctrl C CLICK CLICK ctrl V (by the mouse+ keyboard)

Alt+F down arrow “Rename” Enter (by the keyboard)

To Move a Folder, use one of the following methods:

Move a file (select a file can be done by using mouse “click” or by using keyboard

“Arrows”.

Drag the folder to the desired location (you have to see original window and desired

window).

Ctrl X (source location) Ctrl V (destination location) “Keyboard”

RIGHT CLICK Cut then Right Click Paste

Edit Cut then edit Paste

Drag (if the source & the destination locations are on the same disks)

Right drag Move here

Move Button on the toolbar

Folder Pane Method

To Copy a Folder, use one of the following methods:

Copy a file (select a file can be done by using mouse “click” or by using keyboard

“Arrows”.

Hold down the <Ctrl> key while you drag the folder to the desired location (you have to

see original window and desired window). Ctrl + Drag

Ctrl C (source location) Ctrl V (destination location) “Keyboard”

RIGHT CLICK Copy then Right Click Paste

Edit Copy then edit Paste

Drag (if the source & the destination locations are on a different disks)

Right drag Copy here

Copy Button on the toolbar

Folder Pane Method

To Delete a Folder, use one of the following methods:

First select the folder, and then Press the <Delete> key. Click Yes to confirm the folder

deletion.

Right Click over the Folder Click Delete. Click Yes to confirm the folder deletion.


41

File menu delete (by the mouse)

Alt+F down arrow “Delete” Enter (by the keyboard)

Drag to the Recycle Bin (by the mouse)

Click the delete button on the toolbar (by the mouse)

Click + delete button on the keyboard (by the mouse+ keyboard)

Arrows keys + delete button (by the keyboard)

All above methods move files to the Recycle Bin. If you PRESS SHIFT button

with all above methods, you delete the files without going to the RECYLE BIN

“permanently”.

To Create a New Folder (or New Subfolder):

1. Open the disk or folder where you want to place the new folder.

2. Right-click any empty area in the window and select New Folder from the shortcut

menu.

3. Type a name for the folder and press <Enter>.

To create a file:

Creating a file is not exactly creating folder but is very different. To create a folder you simply

use the previous section. But to create a file you need a program. For example to create a file, to

write a letter you need a word processor program such as WordPad or MS Word.

To create a letter file:

First method:

1. You have to open the WordPad or Word program

2. Write your letter

3. Save it by writing the file name and the file location

Second method:

Right click inside the window location in a blank area New Click the program.

To Restore a Deleted File:

1. Double-click the Recycle Bin to open it.

2. Find and right-click the deleted file and select Restore from the shortcut menu.

To Empty the Recycle Bin:

Right-click the Recycle Bin and select Empty Recycle Bin from the shortcut menu.

To Select Multiple Files:

We have the following states:

If the files are next to each other:


42

1) You can click and drag a rectangle around the files you want to select.

Or

2) You can click the first file you want to select, press and hold down the

<Shift> key and click the last file you want to select.

If the files aren’t next to each other:

You can select random files by holding the <Ctrl> key and clicking the files you

want to select.

To Find a File or a folder:

Click the Start button and select Search For Files or Folders from the Start

menu.

Why the Find Command is used?

a. Find the location of any file.

b. Find the location of any application.

c. Find all files created between two dates.

To Save a File:

We have two ways of saving: save and save as. Note the following about them:

Save and Save as have the same role for the first save of your document.

Save is used to update changes to you document.

Save as is used to change you file location or file name or file format.

Figure 30: Save As Command.

To use the save command:

Click the Save button on the Standard toolbar.

Or…Select File Save from the menu.

To use the save as command:

Select File Save as from the menu.

Or…Select File Save from the menu if you save the file for the first time.


43

To Save a File in a New Location:

Select File Save As from the menu, open the drive and/or folder where you want to

save the file and click Save.

To Save a File in a Different File Format:

Select File Save As from the menu; select the file format from the Save as type list

and click Save.

To print a file:

Click the Print button.

Press <Ctrl> + <P>.

Figure 31: Printing Options.

You have the following options:

Selected pages like: 1,3-5,9.

Collated or uncollated.

Orientation

Size letter or A4, ..

Margins: Left, right, bottom, and up sizes.

How many pages per sheet.


44

WINDOWS ACCESSORIES

WORDPAD

Figure 32: WordPad.

Description A scaled-down word processing program you can use to

create simple letters and documents.

Type of File(s)

Used

Rich Text files, Text Documents, Write files

Features Include Font and paragraph formatting, bullets, tab stops, insert

the current date, print preview, insert objects from other

programs, and find and replace.

Features Don’t

Include

Spell-checker, thesaurus, tables, headers and footers,

many other advanced word-processing features.

Found Under Start Programs Accessories WordPad

NOTEPAD

Figure 33: NotePad.


45

Description A simple text editor without any formatting

features.

Type of File(s) Used Text Documents

Features Include Find text in document, time/date stamp, and

word-wrap.

Features Don’t Include Formatting of any kind, can only work with text

files under 64K.

Found Under Start Programs Accessories Notepad

CALCULATOR

The following figure shows the calculator. Write briefly the role of the each of the following

buttons?

MC MR MS M+ Backspace

CE C SQRT % 1/x

Pi = Dat N Sta

Ave Sum S CD CAD

LOAD RET F-E Sin Cos

Radians/ Grads Tan Ln Log N !

X^2 X^3 Dec Oct Bin


46

Figure 34: Calculator.

PAINT

Figure 35: Paint.


47

Description Use Paint to create, edit, and view pictures and graphics.

Type of File(s) Used Bitmap (BMP) graphic files.

Features Include Draw shapes; add text, paint, and use maximum number

of possible colors (determined by your display’s color

depth settings).

Features Don’t

Include

Photo retouching, acquire from scanner, saving too many

other graphic formats such as GIF as JPEG pictures.

Found Under Start Programs Accessories Paint.

The default background and foreground colors appear at the left in the color box. You can

draw with the foreground color by clicking, or you can draw with the background color

by right-clicking.

You can draw a perfectly horizontal, vertical, or 45-degree diagonal line by holding down

SHIFT while dragging.

The foreground color is used for lines, borders for shapes, and text

The background color is used to fill the inside of enclosed shapes and the background of

text frames. It also appears when you use the eraser.

To set the foreground color, click a color in the color box.

To set the background color, right-click a color in the color box.

To draw a free-form line

To draw a curve

To draw an ellipse or circle

To draw a rectangle or square

To draw a polygon

To type and format text

To fill an area or object with color

To paint with a brush

To create an airbrush effect

To copy color from one area or object to

another

To erase a small area

To erase a large area or


48

QUESTIONS

I. Write True or False before each of the following:

A Computer can be programmed to run a host of applications, such as accounting,

communication, databases, spreadsheets, word processing, desktop publishing and graphic

arts.

A computer can be described as any machine that performs three basic steps: Input/output,

Case and Accessories

Input is the step of getting the information or data into the computer from an external

source. WHILE Output is the result; the computer produces after a program's execution.

Hardware is all the physical components of a computer system, such as the case, Monitor,

Keyboard, Mouse and the Windows operating system.

Hard disk stores programs and data permanently. Most computers are equipped with at

least one hard drive.

The Keyboard is considered an input device. It is used to enter commands, information to

the computer. While the Mouse is considered as an output device.

The printer is used to obtain a hard copy of the work you do by the computer. The speed

of the printer is measured by PPM or CPS.

Speakers & Microphone allows a computer to output (speakers) and input (microphones)

high-quality sound & music. They are necessary to run a computer.

UPS is used to give an electrical power to the computer when the main electrical power is

turned off by some reasons.

Software is a set of electronic instructions for the computer that helps you do something

useful. Three Kinds of software exist: 1) Operating system; 2) Application; 3) Windows.

To switch between applications press the <Tab> key while you’re holding down the

<Alt> key.

The <F3> key is the help key, and pressing it displays helpful information about what

you’re doing.

Use the < Delete > key to fix your typing mistakes—it erases characters to the right of the

insertion point.

To delete a file: press delete on the keyboard or RC delete or drag to the recycle bin or

Double click on it.

To print the pages 1,30,31,32,33,34, and 50; you type 1,30-34,50

The keyboard command to close a window is Alt+F4. The Backspace is used to delete a

letter to the right of the cursor.

The Computer speed is measured by MHz. The Memory Capacity is measured by MB.

The Printer Quality is measured by DPI.

Math Input Panel is used for Math operation like the Calculator

Save command is used to update an existed file.

Save as command is used to update an existed file.

Ctrl + drag is used to select multiple near files or ICONS.

Ctrl + drag is used to select multiple far files or ICONS.

1, 50-60, 90 will be written to print pages 1 and from 50 to 60 and 90.

To print on the two sides of a paper: Use the odd and even technique.


49

To move the taskbar: drag it.

To size the taskbar: drag its edge.

To hide the taskbar: Right Click properties .

To show/hide clock on the taskbar: Right Click properties .

To auto always on top the taskbar: Right Click properties .

To use the personalized menus: Right Click properties .

Control Panel is the place to go when you want to change the varies settings of your

computer .

Display the current date: DC on the clock on the taskbar .

Add or change Wallpaper: Right Click on a blank area on the desktop properties

background tab .

Change windows color scheme: As in previous questions but you have to click on

Appearance TAB .

You can create your own color scheme? .

How can you format your USB: RIGHT CLICK on USB Format ?

Quick format means erase data .

Repair your disk error: RIGHT CLICK on Hard disk properties tools check

now .

Defragment: RIGHT CLICK on Hard disk properties tools Defragment .

Disk cleanup: remove all unnecessary files .

II. Choose all correct answer:

1. Methods to delete a file or a folder:

RIGHT CLICK delete (by the mouse)

Drag to the RECYLE BIN (by the mouse)

Click + delete button on the keyboard (by the mouse+ keyboard)

2. Methods to Rename a file:

RIGHT CLICK rename (by the mouse)

Click click (by the mouse)

CLICK CLICK + ctrl C CLICK CLICK ctrl V (by the mouse+ keyboard)

3. Methods to Copy a file (select a file can be done by using mouse “click” or by using

keyboard “Arrows”.

Ctrl C (source location) Ctrl V (destination location) “Keyboard”

Ctrl + Drag

Right drag Copy here

4. Methods to Move a file (select a file can be done by using mouse “click” or by using

keyboard “Arrows”.

Ctrl X (source location) Ctrl V (destination location) “Keyboard”

RIGHT CLICK Cut then Right Click Paste

Drag (if the source & the destination locations are on the same disks)


50

III. Choose one correct answer:

5. Methods to Save a file:

Ctrl + S.

Fdit Save.

Shift +S.

None of the above.

6. Methods to Close a file:

Click the X button on the menus bar

Alt + F4.

Fdit Close.

The first two answers are true.

7. Open a file:

Ctrl+O.

Alt + F4.

Fdit Open.

All of the above are true.

8. Methods to Print a file:

Ctrl + P.

File Print.

RC Print

All of the above.

9. The basic mouse actions are:

Click & DC

RC & TR

Drag and RD

All of the above.

IV. Explain in details the following terms:

Icon Taskbar Desktop

Typical Window Popup menu

My Computer

V. Fill the table below:

Type Usual Size

Floppy Disk

Hard Disk

CD-ROM

CD-W


51

DVD

USB

VI. Explain:

10. What is a byte?

11. What is a bit?

12. How can you find a file?

13. How do you format your flash memory?

14. How do you create a folder?

15. How do you create a subfolder?

16. How do you create a shortcut?

17. How do you create a new file?

18. How can you adjust the energy of your computer?

19. Define the desktop.

20. Define the taskbar.


52

CHAPTER 3: WORD PROGRAM

Microsoft Word is the most widely used and, the most powerful and user-friendly word-

processor programs available.

Microsoft Word is a powerful word-processing software program that gives its users the

tools to create a variety of professional-looking documents.

Word automatically checks your spelling and grammar.

Word gives you the possibility to create your own templates and styles.

Word even lets you insert charts, tables, and pictures into your documents.

Word gives you the drawing commands to draw your own pictures.

With Word you can work with WordArt & AutoShapes.

With Word you can create Mail Merge, Web Page and you can work with Forms.

With Word you can know about revisions, comments and versions.

With Word you can learn how you can work with long documents.

Word Screen

Figure 36: Word Screen.


53

Fundamental Commands

Figure 37: Fundamental Commands.

Word terms definition

Character may be a letter, number, symbol, or a space.

Word is a set of characters without spacing or is a group of characters between two

spaces. It may be one character.

Sentence is a set of words that finish with point. It may be one word.

Paragraph is a set of sentences that finish by typing Enter. It may be one sentence, one

word, one character, or white nothing.

Section is a set of paragraphs that finish with a section break. It may be one paragraph.

Document is the whole text. It is a set of words, sentences, paragraphs and sections. It

may be one character, one word, one sentence, one paragraph or one section.

Line is a set of characters with or without spaces that found on the same height.

Page is set of lines.

Column: One page can be divided into two or three column or more.


54

General Commands


Navigation Commands by Keyboard

Press To move Press To move

Home Beginning of a line Ctrl + Home Start of document

End End of a line Ctrl + End End of document

Page Up One screen up Ctrl + Page Up Next Page

Page Down One screen down Ctrl + Page Down Previous Page

One character Right Ctrl + Next Word

One character Left Ctrl + Previous Word

↓ One line Up Ctrl + ↓ One paragraph Up

↑ One line Down Ctrl + ↑ One paragraph Down

<F5> Open the Go To Dialog Box

Navigation the word screen with the Mouse

Click To

Vertical scroll bar to scroll vertically

Up arrow See one line up

Up arrow and still click See speedy many lines up

Down arrow See one line down

Down arrow and still click See speedy many lines down

Scroll box See number of current page

Scroll box & drag up Go up any page you prefer

Scroll box & drag down Go down any page you prefer

Space between scroll box & down

arrow

Like page Down button on keyboard

Space between scroll box & Up

arrow

Like page Up button on keyboard


55

Select browse object button Browse by section, page, etc.

Previous object button Go previous object

Next Object button Go next object

Horizontal scroll bar to scroll horizontally

Left arrow See the left disappeared part of lines

Left arrow and still click See speedy the left disappeared part of

lines

Right arrow See the right disappeared part of lines

Right arrow and still click See speedy the right disappeared part

of lines

Scroll box & drag left Go speedy left

Scroll box & drag right Go speedy right

Space between scroll box & left

arrow

Go one screen left

Space between scroll box & right

arrow

Go one screen right

Editing Commands


56

Figure 39: Editing Commands.

Formatting Commands

Figure 40: Formatting Commands.


57

Selecting Commands

Figure 41: Selection Commands.


58

Ways to select text by Mouse

To select this Do this

Single word Double click the word

Sentence Ctrl + click anywhere in the sentence

Paragraph Triple click anywhere or (Position the pointer to the left of the paragraph

until it changes to a right-pointing arrow + Double click)

Graphic Click the graphic

One line Position the pointer to the left of the line until it changes to a right-pointing

arrow + Click

Several lines Position the pointer to the left of the first line until it changes to a right-

pointing arrow + drag Up or Down

Several

paragraph

Position the pointer to the left of any paragraph until it changes to a right-

pointing arrow + Double click + drag Up or Down.

Large block C at the beginning of the text; scroll down and Shift+ Click at the end

Entire

document

Position the pointer to the left of any text until it changes to a right-

pointing arrow + Triple click (or Ctrl +A)

Vertical block Alt + drag

Ways to select text by Keyboard

Press To Select to

Shift + Home Beginning of a line

Shift + End End of a line

Shift + Page Up One screen up

Shift + Page Down One screen down

Shift + One character right

Shift + One character left

Shift + ↓ One line up

Shift + ↑ One line down

Ctrl + Shift + Home Start of document

Ctrl + Shift + End End of document

Ctrl + Shift + Page Up Next Page

Ctrl + Shift + Page Down Previous Page

Ctrl + Shift + Next Word

Ctrl + Shift + Previous Word

Ctrl + Shift + ↓ One paragraph Up

Ctrl + Shift + ↑ One paragraph Down


59

Styles

Figure 42: Styles Commands.


60

Drawing Commands

Figure 43: Drawing Commands.


61

Tables Commands

Figure 44: Tables Commands.

ALT + Numbers Keyboard Commands

Press To get Press To get Press To get Press To get

Alt + 130 é Alt + 146 ú Alt + 156 £ Alt + 166 Î

Alt +131 â Alt +147 ô Alt +157 Å Alt +167 Ï

Alt + 133 à Alt + 148 ¤ Alt + 158 Æ Alt + 168 Ð

Alt + 135 ç Alt +149 Ü Alt +159 Ç Alt +169 Ñ

Alt + 136 ê Alt + 150 û Alt + 160 È Alt + 170 Ò

Alt + 137 ë Alt +151 ù Alt +161 É Alt +171 Ó

Alt + 138 è Alt + 152 Á Alt + 162 Ê Alt + 172 Ô

Alt + 139 ï Alt +153 Â Alt +163 Ë Alt +173 Õ

Alt + 140 î Alt + 154 Ã Alt + 164 Ì Alt + 174 «

Alt + 145 ø Alt +155 Ä Alt +165 Í Alt +175 »

Typing symbols by using the keyboard

Type this To get this Type this To get this

:) Alt + Ctrl + R ®

:) Alt + Ctrl + C ©

:| Alt + Ctrl + . …

--> Alt + Ctrl + T ™

<-- Ctrl + ‘ + (a,e,i,o,u) áéíúó

(c) © Ctrl + ^ + (a,e,i,o,u) â

(r) ® Ctrl + : + (a,e,i,o,u) ä

(tm) ™ Ctrl + ~ + (a,e,i,o,u) ã

==> Ctrl + ` + (a,e,i,o,u) à

<== … …


62

Other Word Commands by using the Keyboard

Press To do

Ctrl + G Go to

Ctrl + B Bold or Remove Bold

Ctrl + I Italic or Remove Italic

Ctrl + U Underline or Remove Underline

F7 Spelling & Grammar

F1 Help

F5 Find & Replace Go to tab

Delete Delete character to left of cursor or selected text

Backspace Delete character after cursor or selected text

Shift + Delete Delete next word

Shift + Backspace Delete previous word

Space Space

Enter New paragraph

Ctrl + Enter Insert a break page

Shift + Enter Force new lines without starting a new paragraph

Ctrl + shift + C Copy Formats

Ctrl + shift + V Paste Formats

Ctrl+F3 Add selection to spike

Ctrl+shift+F3 Insert spike contents

Ctrl + [ Decrease Font Size Relatively

Ctrl + ] Increase Font Size Relatively

Alt + F4 Exit from Word

Alt + F + X Exit from Word

Ctrl + Shift + D Double underline

Ctrl + E Center Text

Ctrl + R Right Text

Ctrl + L Left Text

Ctrl + J Justify Text

Ctrl + M Left indent

Ctrl + Shift + M Remove Left indent

Ctrl + T Create Hanging indent

Ctrl + Shift + T Reduce Hanging indent

Ctrl + = Subscript and remove Subscript

Ctrl + shift + = Superscript and remove Superscript


63

Questions

Define the Role of Each of the Following Important Items

Formatting Commands

Forms

Word Count

Viewing Commands

Tab Stops

Drop Cap

Paper Orientation

Envelopes

Graphics And Drawing

Table Of Contents

Cutting, Copying And

Pasting Text

Spelling & Grammar

Symbols

Web Pages

Bulleted And Numbered

Lists

Change Case

Page Breaks

Multiple Columns

Word art And Charts

Cross References

Finding And Replacing Text

Thesaurus

Undo, Redo, And Repeat

Format Painter Command

Paragraphs Borders &

Shading

Headers And Footers

Section Breaks

Table Commands

Revisions, Comments, and

Versions

Captions

True/False

1. To save your work by using the keyboard: CTRL+S.

2. ALT is used to open a Tab, and then click the letter of tab.

3. The following are keyboard word commands “CTRL+O= open document, CTRL+N=

new document, CTRL+P= print document”.

4. Right-clicking something in word opens a shortcut menu.


64

5. The background of word document is covered by any color or any picture.

6. This sentence “Linda will go with her husband to Germany” is sentence case.

7. This sentence “Linda Will Go With Her Husband To Germany” is title case.

8. This sentence “LINDA WILL GO WITH HER HUSBAND TO GERMANY” is lower

case.

9. This sentence “linda will go with her husband to germany” is toggle case.

10. This sentence “lINDA WILL GO WITH HER HUSBAND TO gERMANY” is upper

case.

What & Define

11. What is the fastest way to get help?

12. What is the fastest way to select a word?

13. What is the fastest way to replace the word?

14. What is the fastest way to check the error of spelling and grammar?

15. What is the method to save a document by using keyboard or mouse?

16. What is the method to write anywhere in a space of a white paper?

17. What is the method to copy format from one text to another?

18. What is the method to copy format from one text to multiple other text?

19. Define the following Word terms: Character, Word, Sentence, Paragraph, Section,

Document, Line, Page and Column.

20. Define the following Word terms: Heading1 style – Heading2 style – Heading3 style -

Table of Contents.

21. Define the following Word terms: Change case - Drop Cap.

22. What are the steps ways to create mail merge?

Fill the following tables

Press Goal Press Goal

Ctrl + Ctrl + Home

Ctrl + Ctrl + End

Ctrl + Shift + End Shift +

To select this Do this

Single word

Sentence

Paragraph

Large block

Entire document

Vertical block

Press To do Press To do Press To do

Ctrl + P Space Ctrl + N

Ctrl + G Enter Ctrl + O

Ctrl + B Ctrl + Enter F7

Alt + F4 Shift + Enter F1

Ctrl + E Ctrl + ] Ctrl + S


65

Matching Question

Fill in the blank Question

The Word ruler is shown in the next figure. Fill the boxes by writing the appropriate name.

Choose your answers from the following: Hanging indent -Left tab - Right indent - Decimal tab -

Top indent - I indent - First line indent - Right tab - Left indent - Bar tab -Bottom indent - Center

tab

Fill the following table about the methods of cut-paste (Move) and copy-paste

(Copy):

Cut Text Copy Text Paste Text By using

Keyboard

Mouse

Drag Ctrl + Drag Release the mouse Keyboard & Mouse

Change case 1 It is used to obtain Huge Letter at the beginning of the paragraph

Format Menu 2 It is used to get Statistics on your word file (e.g. number of word, etc.)

Format painter 3 It is used to get upper, lower, sentence, toggle, title case

Drop Cap 4

It includes all commands of formatting text, page, etc.

Insert menu 5 It is used to copy format from text to text

Word Count 6 You can use it to put a picture inside your document


66

Mail Merge

A process known as mail merge creates personalized letters. Mail merge letters are used to send

similar documents to many different people at once. The letter must contain the recipient’s name,

address, and other information.

Practical Exercise

1. Store the following data in a Word table:

Name Company Address City State

Mr. hassan X1 Address1 Sour Lebanon

Mr. jamil X2 Address2 Saida Syria

Mr. sara X3 Address3 Beirut Egypt

2. Design the following letter in a Word Document: Hussein Jamil

1234 Bir hassan

Beirut- Lebanon

<<Name>>

<<Company>>

<<Address>>

<<City>>, <<State>>

Dear <<Name>>:

I would like to tell you about ……

………….

I invite your company <<Company>> to attend the conference.

Sincerely

3. Merge the data and the letter.


67

Chapter 4: PowerPoint Program

PowerPoint is a desktop presentation program that turns your ideas into professional,

realistic presentations.

If you’ve ever used an overhead projector, you’re going to use PowerPoint.

PowerPoint lets you create slides that include text, graphics, charts, and even movies.

Once you have created a presentation, you can display it as an electronic slide show on

any computer.

PowerPoint Screen

Figure 45: PowerPoint 2010 Screen.


68

Figure 46: Fundamentals Commands.

General Commands



69

Editing Commands


Navigation Commands

Figure 49: Navigation Commands.


70

Slide Show Commands

Figure 50: Slide Show Delivery Commands.


71

Formatting Commands


============================


72

Outline Pane Commands

Figure 52: Outline Pane.


73

Images, Multimedia, Objects

Figure 53: Images, Multimedia, Objects.


74

Transitions and Animation effect

Figure 54: Transitions and Animation effect.


75

Views

Figure 55: Views.


76

Questions

Briefly Answers Questions

1. Fill the table below:

Program Word Excel PowerPoint

One Paper is called

File is called

Extension is represented by

The Goal is for

2. Define the goal of PowerPoint.

3. Can we consider PowerPoint an application?

4. State six different formats of slides.

5. Can you print six slides on one paper? How?

6. Create slides that contains the following:

An external program

Only PowerPoint

The MS Graph 97 Chart

The MS Excel Chart

The MS Excel Worksheet

The MS Word Table

The MS Organization chart

The MS Clip Gallery

7. Why you use the Master slide? What are the main features that you put inside it?

8. How can you add standard objects to your slides (such as lines, flowcharts, callouts…)?

9. How can you add creative text to your slides?

10. Can you animate your slides? How?

11. How can you place a video film inside your slide?

12. What is the importance of the Action Settings commands? What is the difference

between Mouse Click and Mouse Over?

13. How can you add sound and visual effects during slide transitions?

14. How can you highlight parts of the slide show?

15. How can you record your sound inside your presentation?

16. When you insert a new slide, you can choose an Auto Layout slide from the following

forms:

Title slide Bulleted List 2 Column Text Table

Text & Chart Chart & Text Organization chart Chart

Text & Clipart Clipart & Text Title only Blank

Text & Object Object & Text Large Object Object

Text & Media Clip Media Clip & Text Object over Text Text over Object

Text & 2 Objects 2Objects & Text 2Objects over Text 4Object


77

Organizational Chart Slides

Create the following organizational chart slides:

Executive Secretary

Room Attendants

House Keeping Supervisor

3receptionists

Front Office Supervisor

Rooms Division Manager

Engineers

Director Of maintenance

Waiters

Maitre D'hotel

Sous Chefs

Executive Chef

F&B Mngr

Sales And Marketing Mngr

Sales & marketing Director

Director Of human Resource

Accountants

Chief of Accounting

General Manager

Name Surname

Presentations

Create the following presentations:

1. Using PowerPoint, you can quickly & easily create presentation for much purpose, including

offices, projects, meetings, handouts and agendas, etc.

2. Use the template to create a presentation of your special meeting.

3. Use the AutoContent Wizard to create a presentation of your Special Project.

4. Use the Blank presentation, and then create the following slides:

Title slide - Write Lebanese University as title and Faculty of Tourism and

Hospitality Management as subtitle.

Bulleted list slide - Write the content of your presentation.

Table slide - Insert the following table which indicate the number of students in each

department:

TG TT HM

100 150 200


78

Chart Slide - Chart the above table.

Clipart and text slide for TG department.

Two Columns Slide for TT Department.

Text & Chart Slide for HM Department.

Blank Slide - Design a logo for FTHM Faculty.

Bulleted list slide - Write the Conclusions.

Finally use the Apply design template.

5. Create and design presentation on any item you prefer. The presentation must have the

following:

Begin with a blank presentation.

The presentation project must have at least the following 6 different Auto Layout

slide:

Title slide Bulleted List

2 Column Text Table

Text & Chart Organization chart

Animate your slides (text, chart, picture, others).

Insert creative texts and standard objects.

Add a video film inside your presentation.

Use the Mouse Click and Mouse Over features.

Add sound and visual effects during slide transitions.

Record your sound (or insert any sound file) inside your presentation.

The presentation must have more than 20 slides.

6. Create a new blank presentation:

The presentation must have title slide, summary slide and conclusion slide.

Insert a clip art picture to your slides (Use Slide Master).

Use the Color scheme feature to define the eight colors of your slides.

Add a header and footer to your slides.

Use bulleted list picture.

Add a blank slide that includes two pictures. Use the Group feature to create one

figure.

Add a blank slide that includes an AutoShape or a clip art picture. Use the Shadows

feature.

Add a blank slide that includes an AutoShape or a clip art picture. Use the 3-D effects

features.

Copy the last slide in a new slide, then use the flipping and rotating features.

Insert a table slide that include the following table:

Hotels in some countries

Country Hotels 5 stars Hotels 4 stars Hotels 3 stars

Country1 25 70 150

Country2 30 50 130

Country3 35 90 120

Use the WordArt to create a title (Hotels in some countries) for the previous slide.

Chart the above table in a new slide.


79

Duplicate the last slide. Then add the table to the chart.

7. Create a presentation that runs by Automatically:

(1) Use the slide transition button (apply or apply to all) or

(2) Use the rehearse timing.

8. Create a presentation & Use the voice narration.

9. Create a presentation that presents a video film with a special sound file (music or speech

that speaks on it)

10. Create a presentation that presents a video film with written notes.


80

Chapter 5: Excel Program

Definition

Excel, as you probably know, is the world’s most widely-used spreadsheet program, and

is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Other spreadsheet programs are available, but Excel

is by far the most popular and has become the world standard.

Entering data onto a spreadsheet (or worksheet as they are called in Excel) is quick and

easy.

Once data has been entered in a worksheet, Excel can instantly perform any type of

calculation on it.

Excel can also make your information look sharp and professional.

The uses for Excel are limitless: you can use Excel to create financial reports, to do

statistical analysis, to help manage investment portfolios, to create charts and to do many

other things.

Much of the appeal of Excel is due to the fact that it’s so versatile or flexible. Excel’s

forte, of course, is performing numerical calculations, but Excel is also very useful for

non-numerical applications.

Microsoft Excel is by far the most widely used and, according to most reviews, the most

powerful and user-friendly spreadsheet program available.

What Is Excel Good For?

Here are just a few of the uses for Excel:

Number crunching: Create budgets, analyze survey results, and perform just about any

type of financial analysis you can think of.

Creating charts: Create a wide variety of highly customizable charts.

Organizing lists: Use the row-and-column layout to store lists efficiently.

Accessing other data: Import data from a wide variety of sources.

Creating graphics and diagrams: Use Shapes and the new Smart Art to create

professional-looking diagrams.

Automating complex tasks: Perform a tedious task with a single mouse click with Excel’s

macro capabilities.


81

Excel Screen

Figure 56: Excel 2010 Screen.



82

Navigation Commands

Figure 58: Navigation Commands.


83

Editing Commands



84

Formatting Commands



85

Functions and Formulas

Figure 61: Formulas & Functions.

Charts

Figure 62: Charts.


86

Workbook Management


87

Understanding Workbooks and Worksheets

The work you do in Excel is performed in a workbook file, which appears in its own

window.

You can have as many workbooks open as you need.

Each workbook is comprised of one or more worksheets, and each worksheet is made up

of individual cells.

Each cell contains a value, a formula, or text.

A worksheet also has an invisible draw layer, which holds charts, images, and diagrams.

Each worksheet in a workbook is accessible by clicking the tab at the bottom of the

workbook window.

In addition, workbooks can store chart sheets. A chart sheet displays a single chart and is

also accessible by clicking a tab.

Excel’s Worksheet Movement Keys

Key Action

Up arrow Moves the active cell up one row.

Down arrow Moves the active cell down one row.

Left arrow of Shift+Tab Moves the active cell one column to the left.

Right arrow or Tab Moves the active cell one column to the right.

PgUp Moves the active cell up one screen.

PgDn Moves the active cell down one screen.

Alt+PgDn Moves the active cell right one screen.

Alt+PgUp Moves the active cell left one screen.

Entering Data Values and Using AutoComplete

You can enter dates & Times in cells using almost any type of date format. Excel treats

dates and times as values. See the following table:

Date entries Time entries

Monday, October 08, 2001 10:27 PM

10/8/2001 10:27:28 AM

October 8, 2001 10:27

10.8.2001 10:27:54


88

To Use AutoComplete: Type the first few characters of a label; Excel displays the label,

if it appears previously in the column. Press <Enter> to accept the entry or resume

typing to ignore the suggestion.

To Use the Pick List: Right-click the cell where you want to enter a label, select Pick

from List from the shortcut menu, and select the entry from the list.

Conditional formatting

It is a format, such as cell shading or font color, that Excel automatically applies to cells

if a specified condition is true.

Absolute and Relative Cell References

Relative cell references are based on their position relative to the cell that contains the

formula.

The cell references change if the cell is moved to a new location.

Absolute cell references are preceded by $ signs and always refer to a particular cell

address.

They do not change if the cell is moved to a new location.

Press <F4> while selecting a cell range to make it an absolute reference.

Examples:

A1 is a relative reference cell;

$A$1 is an absolute reference cell;

$A1 is an absolute reference column A;

A$1 is an absolute reference row 1.


89

Range Names

You can create a range name by selecting a cell range and then giving it a name in the Name

box in the Formula bar. You can refer to names in your formulas. For example, =SUM

(Expenses) instead of =SUM(B3:B35). You can also refer to column and row headings in

your formulas.

Auto Calculate

The Status bar displays the total (or other selected calculation) of the selected cell range. You

have to select the cells to see the auto calculate. If cell ranges aren’t next to each other you

have to select the first range, and then press and hold the <Ctrl> key while you select

additional cells.

Charts

Charts illustrate data, relationships, or trends graphically. Charts are often better at presenting

information than hard to read numbers in a table or spreadsheet. You can do for each chart the

following:

Chart Formatting

Changing a Chart’s Source Data

Changing a Chart Type (Column, Bar, Pie…)

Chart options

Formatting a Data Series and a Chart Axis

Chart Annotation

Saving a Custom Chart

Fill Effects

Lists or Databases

Excel can keep track of information in lists or databases. Some examples of things you might

track in a list include telephone numbers, clients, and employees. Once you create a list in Excel,

you can easily find, organize, and analyze its information with Excel’s rich set of list-

management features.

AutoFilter displays only the records that meet your criteria, and hides the records that do

not.

A Custom AutoFilter allows you to filter records based on more than one value or a

range.

Advanced filters are difficult to setup, but they enable you to filter a list based on as

many values in as many columns as you want and copy the filtered records to a new

location.


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Data Validation restricts the type of information that is entered in a cell and provides the

user with feedback and instructions.

Excel and the Internet

Excel’s Internet features let you add hyperlinks to your workbooks to link them to

another workbook, a file created in another program, or even a Web page.

You can also save your worksheets and charts as a Web page and place them on your

corporate Intranet or the World Wide Web so that other users can view them.

You can also create interactive Web pages that allow users to add, change, and calculate

you worksheet’s information from Microsoft Internet Explorer.

Finally, you can retrieve information stored on a Web page and place it on your

worksheets.

Data Analysis and Pivot Tables

A PivotTable summarizes list information dynamically, meaning once you have created a

PivotTable, you can rearrange or “pivot” it to view its data in different ways. Also Subtotals

can be used for many purpose.

Scenario - Data Tables - Goal Seek - Solver

A scenario is a set of values that Microsoft Excel saves and can substitute automatically

in your worksheet. You can use scenarios to forecast the outcome of a worksheet model.


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You can create and save different groups of values on a worksheet and then switch to any

of these new scenarios to view different results.

One and Two-Input Data Tables can be used for many purposes. One Input for only one

variable and

Goal Seek: When you know what the result of a single formula should be but not the

value of one variable the formula needs to determine the result, you can use the Goal

Seek.

Solver: When you know what the result of a single formula should be but not the value of

many variables the formula needs to determine the result, you can use the Solver.

Formulas

Formulas are the heart and soul of a spreadsheet. Without formulas, Excel would be nothing

more than a grid you could use to enter numbers and text. If you combine several operators in a

single formula, Microsoft Excel performs the operations in this order: ( ), :, %, ^, * and /, + and -,

= <> <= >=.

Order in Which Excel Performs Operations in Formulas

Operator Description

( ) Parentheses change the order of evaluation. For example:

=(20+5) / (10-5) would add 20 and 5 (25), subtract 10 by 5 (5) and then

divide the results to equal 5.

But…

=20+5/10-5 would divide 5 by 10 (0.5), add the result to 20 (20.5) and

then subtract 5 to equal 15.5.

: Reference Operator

% Percent

^ Exponentiation

* and / Multiplication and division

+ and – Addition and subtraction

= < > <= >= Comparison

Functions

Functions are designed formulas. See the following table:

Function Categories

Category Description

Most Recently Used Lists the functions you’ve used most recently.

All Lists every function available in Excel.

Financial Lists financial functions to calculate interest, payments, loans,

etc.

Date & Time Lists functions to calculate date and times values.

Math & Trig Lists math and trigonometry functions, such as SUM, COS,

and TAN.

Statistical Lists statistical functions, to calculate averages, standard


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deviations, etc.

Lookup &

Reference

Lists functions that lookup or reference values.

Database Lists functions that lookup or calculate values in a list or

database.

Text List functions that can be used with text or labels.

Logical List IF…THEN– And - Or functions.

Information List functions that return information about values and the

worksheet itself.

User Defined Lists custom functions that you (or another use) have created.

Logical Functions

IF

Returns one value if a condition you specify evaluates to TRUE and another value if it evaluates

to FALSE.

Syntax

IF (logical_test ,value_if_true,value_if_false)

Logical_test is any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE.

Value_if_true is the value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE. If logical_test is

TRUE and value_if_true is omitted, TRUE is returned. Value_if_true can be another

formula.

Value_if_false is the value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE. If logical_test is

FALSE and value_if_false is omitted, FALSE is returned. Value_if_false can be another

formula.

Remarks

Up to seven IF functions can be nested as value_if_true and value_if_false arguments to

construct more elaborate tests. See the following last example.

When the value_if_true and value_if_false arguments are evaluated, IF returns the value

returned by those statements.

Examples

In the following example, if the value in cell A10 is 100, then logical_test is TRUE, and the total

value for the range B5:B15 is calculated. Otherwise, logical_test is FALSE, and empty text ("")

is returned that blanks the cell that contains the IF function.

IF (A10=100, SUM (B5:B15),"")


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Suppose an expense worksheet contains in B2:B4 the following data for "Actual Expenses" for

January, February, and March: 1500, 500, 500. C2:C4 contains the following data for "Predicted

Expenses" for the same periods: 900, 900, 925.

You can write a formula to check whether you are over budget for a particular month,

generating text for a message with the following formulas:

IF (B2>C2,"Over Budget","OK") equals "Over Budget"

IF (B3>C3,"Over Budget","OK") equals "OK"

Suppose you want to assign letter grades to numbers referenced by the name Average Score. See

the following:

If Average Score is Then return

Greater than 89 A

From 80 to 89 B

From 70 to 79 C

From 60 to 69 D

Less than 60 F

You can use the following nested IF function:

IF(AverageScore>89,"A",IF(AverageScore>79,"B",IF(AverageScore>69,"C",IF(AverageScore>

59,"D","F"))))

AND

Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE; returns FALSE if one or more arguments is

FALSE.

Syntax

AND (logical1, logical2 ...)

Logical1, logical2 ... are 1 to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or

FALSE.

The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALSE, or the

arguments must be arrays or references that contain logical values.

If the specified range contains no logical values, AND returns the #VALUE! Error

value.


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Examples

AND(TRUE, TRUE) equals TRUE

AND(TRUE, FALSE) equals FALSE

AND(2+2=4, 2+3=5) equals TRUE

If B1:B3 contains the values TRUE, FALSE, and TRUE, then:

AND(B1:B3) equals FALSE

If B4 contains a number between 1 and 100, then: AND(1<B4, B4<100) equals TRUE

Suppose you want to display B4 if it contains a number strictly between 1 and 100, and you want

to display a message if it is not. If B4 contains 104, then:

IF(AND(1<B4, B4<100), B4, "The value is out of range.") equals “The value is out of

range."

If B4 contains 50, then:

IF(AND(1<B4, B4<100), B4, "The value is out of range.") equals 50

OR

Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all arguments are FALSE.

Syntax

OR (logical1, logical2...)

Logical1, logical2... are 1 to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE or

FALSE.

The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALSE, or in arrays or

references that contain logical values.

If the specified range contains no logical values, OR returns the #VALUE! error value.

Examples

OR(TRUE) equals TRUE

OR(1+1=1,2+2=5) equals FALSE

If A1:A3 contains the values TRUE, FALSE, and TRUE, then:

OR(A1:A3) equals TRUE

NOT

Reverses the value of its argument. Use NOT when you want to make sure a value is not equal

to one particular value.

Syntax

NOT (logical)


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Logical is a value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE. If logical is FALSE,

NOT returns TRUE; if logical is TRUE, NOT returns FALSE.

Examples

NOT(FALSE) equals TRUE

NOT(1+1=2) equals FALSE

FALSE

Returns the logical value FALSE.

Syntax

FALSE ( )

Remark

You can also type the word FALSE directly onto the worksheet or into the formula, and

Microsoft Excel interprets it as the logical value FALSE.

TRUE

Returns the logical value TRUE.

Syntax

TRUE ( )

Remark

You can enter the value TRUE directly into cells and formulas without using this function. The

TRUE function is provided primarily for compatibility with other spreadsheet programs.

Math functions

ABS

Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a number is the number without

its sign.

Syntax


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ABS ( number )

Number is the real number of which you want the absolute value.

Examples

ABS(2) equals 2

ABS(-2) equals 2

If A1 contains -16, then:

SQRT(ABS(A1)) equals 4

CEILING

Returns number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. For

example, if you want to avoid using pennies in your prices and your product is priced at $4.42,

use the formula =CEILING(4.42,0.05) to round prices up to the nearest nickel.

Syntax

CEILING ( number , significance )

Number is the value you want to round.

Significance is the multiple to which you want to round.

Remarks

If either argument is nonnumeric, CEILING returns the #VALUE! error value.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero.

If number is an exact multiple of significance, no rounding occurs.

If number and significance have different signs, CEILING returns the #NUM! error

value.

Examples

CEILING(2.5, 1) equals 3

CEILING(-2.5, -2) equals -4

CEILING(-2.5, 2) equals #NUM!

CEILING(1.5, 0.1) equals 1.5

CEILING(0.234, 0.01) equals 0.24

COUNTIF

Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria.

Syntax

COUNTIF ( range , criteria )

Range is the range of cells from which you want to count cells.


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Criteria is the criteria in the form of a number, expression, or text that defines which

cells will be counted. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32",

"apples".

Examples

Suppose A3:A6 contain "apples", "oranges", "peaches", "apples", respectively:

COUNTIF(A3:A6,"apples") equals 2

Suppose B3:B6 contain 32, 54, 75, 86, respectively:

COUNTIF(B3:B6,">55") equals 2

EVEN

Returns number rounded up to the nearest even integer. You can use this function for processing

items that come in twos. For example, a packing crate accepts rows of one or two items. The

crate is full when the number of items, rounded up to the nearest two, matches the crate's

capacity.

Syntax

EVEN ( number )

Number is the value to round.

Remarks

If number is nonnumeric, EVEN returns the #VALUE! error value.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero.

If number is an even integer, no rounding occurs.

Examples

EVEN(1.5) equals 2

EVEN(3) equals 4

EVEN(2) equals 2

EVEN(-1) equals -2

FLOOR

Rounds number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.

Syntax

FLOOR ( number , significance )

Number is the numeric value you want to round.

Significance is the multiple to which you want to round.

Remarks


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If either argument is nonnumeric, FLOOR returns the #VALUE! error value.

If number and significance have different signs, FLOOR returns the #NUM! error

value.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded down when adjusted away from

zero. If number is an exact multiple of significance, no rounding occurs.

Examples

FLOOR(2.5, 1) equals 2

FLOOR(-2.5, -2) equals -2

FLOOR(-2.5, 2) equals #NUM!

FLOOR(1.5, 0.1) equals 1.5

FLOOR(0.234, 0.01) equals 0.23

INT

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

Syntax

INT ( number )

Number is the real number you want to round down to an integer.

Examples

INT(8.9) equals 8

INT(-8.9) equals -9

The following formula returns the decimal part of a positive real number in cell A1:

A1-INT(A1)

MOD

Returns the remainder after number is divided by divisor. The result has the same sign as

divisor.

Syntax

MOD ( number , divisor )

Number is the number for which you want to find the remainder.

Divisor is the number by which you want to divide number. If divisor is 0, MOD

returns the #DIV/0! error value.

Remarks

The MOD function can be expressed in terms of the INT function:

MOD(n, d) = n - d*INT(n/d)

Examples

MOD(3, 2) equals 1

MOD(-3, 2) equals 1

MOD(3, -2) equals -1

MOD(-3, -2) equals -1


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ODD

Returns number rounded up to the nearest odd integer.

Syntax

ODD ( number )

Number is the value to round.

Remarks

If number is nonnumeric, ODD returns the #VALUE! error value.

Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from

zero. If number is an odd integer, no rounding occurs.

Examples

ODD(1.5) equals 3

ODD(3) equals 3

ODD(2) equals 3

ODD(-1) equals -1

ODD(-2) equals -3

RAND

Returns an evenly distributed random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. A new

random number is returned every time the worksheet is calculated.

Syntax

RAND ( )

Remarks

To generate a random real number between a and b, use:

RAND()*(b-a)+a

If you want to use RAND to generate a random number but don't want the numbers to

change every time the cell is calculated, you can enter =RAND() in the formula bar, and

then press F9 to change the formula to a random number.

Examples

To generate a random number greater than or equal to 0 but less than 100:

RAND()*100

ROMAN

Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text.

Syntax


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ROMAN ( number ,form)

Number is the arabic numeral you want converted.

Form is a number specifying the type of roman numeral you want. The roman numeral

style ranges from Classic to Simplified, becoming more concise as the value of form

increases.

Remarks

If number is negative, the #VALUE! error value is returned.

If number is greater than 3999, the #VALUE! error value is returned.

Examples

ROMAN(499,0) equals "CDXCIX"

ROMAN(499,1) equals "LDVLIV"

ROMAN(499,2) equals "XDIX"

ROMAN(499,3) equals "VDIV"

ROMAN(499,4) equals "ID"

ROMAN(1993,0) equals "MCMXCIII"

ROUND

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

Syntax

ROUND ( number , num_digits )

Number is the number you want to round.

Num_digits specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number.

· If num_digits is greater than 0 (zero), then number is rounded to the specified

number of decimal places.

· If num_digits is 0, then number is rounded to the nearest integer.

· If num_digits is less than 0, then number is rounded to the left of the decimal

point.

Examples

ROUND(2.15, 1) equals 2.2

ROUND(2.149, 1) equals 2.1

ROUND(-1.475, 2) equals -1.48

ROUND(21.5, -1) equals 20

ROUNDDOWN & ROUNDUP

ROUNDDOWN Rounds a number down, toward zero.

ROUNDUP Rounds a number up, away from 0 (zero).

Examples

ROUNDDOWN(3.2, 0) equals 3


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ROUNDDOWN(76.9,0) equals 76

ROUNDDOWN(3.14159, 3) equals 3.141

ROUNDDOWN(-3.14159, 1) equals -3.1

ROUNDDOWN(31415.92654, -2) equals 31,400

ROUNDUP(3.2,0) equals 4

ROUNDUP(76.9,0) equals 77

ROUNDUP(3.14159, 3) equals 3.142

ROUNDUP(-3.14159, 1) equals -3.2

ROUNDUP(31415.92654, -2) equals 31,500

SUBTOTAL

Returns a subtotal in a list or database. It is generally easier to create a list with subtotals using

the Subtotals command ( Data menu). Once the subtotal list is created, you can modify it by

editing the SUBTOTAL function.

Syntax

SUBTOTAL (function_num , ref1 ,ref2,…)

Function_num is the number 1 to 11 that specifies which function to use in

calculating subtotals within a list.

Function_Num Function

1 AVERAGE

2 COUNT

3 COUNTA

4 MAX

5 MIN

6 PRODUCT

7 STDEV

8 STDEVP

9 SUM

Ref1, ref2, are 1 to 29 ranges or references for which you want the subtotal.

Remarks

If there are other subtotals within ref1, ref2,… (or nested subtotals), these nested

subtotals are ignored to avoid double counting.

SUBTOTAL will ignore any hidden rows that result from a list being filtered. This is

important when you want to subtotal only the visible data that results from a list that

you have filtered.

If any of the references are 3-D references, SUBTOTAL returns the #VALUE! error

value.


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Example

SUBTOTAL(9,C3:C5) will generate a subtotal of the cells C3:C5 using the SUM

function

SUM

Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.

Syntax

SUM ( number1 ,number2, ...)

Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments for which you want the total value or

sum.

Numbers, logical values, and text representations of numbers that you type directly into

the list of arguments are counted. See the first and second examples following.

Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause

errors.

Examples

SUM(3, 2) equals 5

SUM("3", 2, TRUE) equals 6 because the text values are translated into numbers, and

the logical value TRUE is translated into the number 1.

Unlike the previous example, if A1 contains "3" and B1 contains TRUE, then:

SUM(A1, B1, 2) equals 2 because references to nonnumeric values in references are not

translated.

If cells A2:E2 contain 5, 15, 30, 40, and 50:

SUM(A2:C2) equals 50

SUM(B2:E2, 15) equals 150

SUMIF

Adds the cells specified by a given criteria.

Syntax

SUMIF ( range , criteria ,sum_range)

Range is the range of cells you want evaluated.


cells will be added. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32", "apples".

Sum_range are the actual cells to sum. The cells in sum_range are summed only if

their corresponding cells in range match the criteria. If sum_range is omitted, the cells in

range are summed.

Example

Suppose A1:A4 contain the following property values for four homes: $100,000,

$200,000, $300,000, $400,000, respectively. B1:B4 contain the following sales


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commissions on each of the corresponding property values: $7,000, $14,000, $21,000,

$28,000.

SUMIF(A1:A4,">160000",B1:B4) equals $63,000

SUMPRODUCT

Multiplies corresponding components in the given arrays, and returns the sum of those products.

Syntax

SUMPRODUCT ( array1 , array2 ,array3, ...)

Array1, array2, array3, ... are 2 to 30 arrays whose components you want to multiply

and then add.

The array arguments must have the same dimensions. If they do not, SUMPRODUCT

returns the #VALUE! error value.

SUMPRODUCT treats array entries that are not numeric as if they were zeros.

Example

The following formula multiplies all the components of the two arrays on the preceding

worksheet and then adds the products - that is, 3*2 + 4*7 + 8*6 + 6*7 + 1*5 + 9*3.

SUMPRODUCT({3,4;8,6;1,9}, {2,7;6,7;5,3}) equals 156

SUMSQ

Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments.

Syntax

SUMSQ ( number1 ,number2, ...)

Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments for which you want the sum of the squares.

You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated

by commas.

Example

SUMSQ(3, 4) equals 25

TRUNC

Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number.

Syntax

TRUNC ( number ,num_digits)

Number is the number you want to truncate.


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Num_digits is a number specifying the precision of the truncation. The default value for

num_digits is 0 (zero).

Remark

TRUNC and INT are similar in that both return integers. TRUNC removes the

fractional part of the number. INT rounds numbers down to the nearest integer based

on the value of the fractional part of the number. INT and TRUNC are different only

when using negative numbers: TRUNC(-4.3) returns -4, but INT(-4.3) returns -5

because -5 is the lower number.

Examples

TRUNC(8.9) equals 8

TRUNC(-8.9) equals -8

TRUNC(PI()) equals 3

Date &Time Functions

DATE

Returns the serial number of a particular date.

Syntax

DATE ( year , month , day )

Year is a number from 1900 to 9999 in Microsoft Excel for Windows.

Month is a number representing the month of the year. If month is greater than 12, then

month adds that number of months to the first month in the year specified. For example,

DATE(90,14,2) returns the serial number representing February 2, 1991.

Day is a number representing the day of the month. If day is greater than the number of

days in the month specified, then day adds that number of days to the first day in the

month. For example, DATE(91,1,35) returns the serial number representing February 4,

1991.

Remarks

The DATE function is most useful in formulas where year, month, and day are

formulas, not constants.

Examples

Using the 1900 date system (the default in Microsoft Excel for Windows), DATE(91, 1,

1) equals 33239, the serial number corresponding to January 1, 1991.

DAY


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Returns the day of the month corresponding to serial_number. The day is given as an integer

ranging from 1 to 31.

Syntax

DAY ( serial_number )

Serial_number is the date-time code used by Microsoft Excel for date and time

calculations. You can give serial_number as text, such as "4-15-93" or "15-Apr-1993",

instead of as a number. The text is automatically converted to a serial number.

Examples

DAY("4-Jan") equals 4

DAY("15-Apr-1993") equals 15

DAY("8/11/93") equals 11

TODAY

Returns the serial number of the current date. The serial number is the date-time code used by

Microsoft Excel for date and time calculations.

Syntax

TODAY ( )

Statistical Functions

AVERAGE

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

Syntax

AVERAGE ( number1 ,number2 , ... )

Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numeric arguments for which you want the average.

Remarks

The arguments must be either numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain

numbers.

Tip When averaging cells, keep in mind the difference between empty cells and those

containing the value zero, especially if you have cleared the Zero values check box on

the View tab ( Options command, Tools menu). Empty cells are not counted, but zero

values are.

Examples

If A1:A5 is named Scores and contains the numbers 10, 7, 9, 27, and 2, then:

o AVERAGE(A1:A5) equals 11

o AVERAGE(Scores) equals 11

o AVERAGE(A1:A5, 5) equals 10

o AVERAGE(A1:A5) equals SUM(A1:A5)/COUNT(A1:A5) equals 11

If C1:C3 is named OtherScores and contains the numbers 4, 18, and 7, then:


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o AVERAGE(Scores, OtherScores) equals 10.5

COUNT

Counts the number of cells that contain numbers and numbers within the list of arguments. Use

COUNT to get the number of entries in a number field in a range or array of numbers.

Syntax

COUNT ( value1 , value2, ...)

Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments that can contain or refer to a variety of

different types of data, but only numbers are counted.

Arguments that are numbers, dates, or text representations of numbers are counted;

arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers are ignored.

Examples

In the following example,

COUNT(A1:A7) equals 3

COUNT(A4:A7) equals 2

COUNT(A1:A7, 2) equals 4

COUNTA

Counts the number of cells that are not empty and the values within the list of arguments. Use

COUNTA to count the number of cells that contain data in a range or array.

Syntax

COUNTA ( value1 ,value2, ...)

Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments representing the values you want to count. In

this case, a value is any type of information, including empty text ("") but not including

empty cells.

If an argument is an array or reference, empty cells within the array or reference are

ignored. If you do not need to count logical values, text, or error values, use the

COUNT function.

Examples

In the following example,


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COUNTA(A1:A7) equals 6

COUNTA(A4:A7) equals 4

COUNTA(A1:A7, 2) equals 7

COUNTA(A1:A7, "Two") equals 7

COUNTBLANK

Counts empty cells in a specified range of cells.

Syntax

COUNTBLANK ( range )

Range is the range from which you want to count the blank cells.

Remarks

Cells with formulas that return "" (empty text) are also counted. Cells with zero values

are not counted.

Example

Suppose in the above worksheet, B3 contains the following formula: IF(C3<30,"",C3) ,

which returns "" (empty text).

COUNTBLANK(B2:C5) equals 2

COUNTIF

Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria.

Syntax

COUNTIF ( range , criteria )

Range is the range of cells from which you want to count cells.


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cells will be counted. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32",

"apples".

Examples

Suppose A3:A6 contain "apples", "oranges", "peaches", "apples", respectively:

COUNTIF(A3:A6,"apples") equals 2

Suppose B3:B6 contain 32, 54, 75, 86, respectively:

COUNTIF(B3:B6,">55") equals 2

MAX

Returns the largest value in a set of values.

Syntax

MAX ( number1 ,number2,...)

Number1,number2,... are 1 to 30 numbers for which you want to find the maximum

value.

· You can specify arguments that are numbers, empty cells, logical values, or

text representations of numbers. Arguments that are error values or text that

cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

· If the arguments contain no numbers, MAX returns 0 (zero).

Examples

If A1:A5 contains the numbers 10, 7, 9, 27, and 2, then:

MAX(A1:A5) equals 27

MAX(A1:A5,30) equals 30

MIN

Similar to MAX

Examples

If A1:A5 contains the numbers 10, 7, 9, 27, and 2, then:

MIN(A1:A5) equals 2

MIN(A1:A5, 0) equals 0

MEDIAN

Returns the median of the given numbers. The median is the number in the middle of a set of

numbers; that is, half the numbers have values that are greater than the median, and half have

values that are less.


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Syntax

MEDIAN ( number1 ,number2 , ... )

Number1, number2,... are 1 to 30 numbers for which you want the median.

· The arguments should be either numbers or names, arrays, or references that

contain numbers. Microsoft Excel examines all the numbers in each reference

or array argument.

Remarks

If there is an even number of numbers in the set, then MEDIAN calculates the average of

the two numbers in the middle. See the second example following.

Examples

MEDIAN(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) equals 3

MEDIAN(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) equals 3.5, the average of 3 and 4

STDEV

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of how

widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean).

Syntax

STDEV ( number1 ,number2,...)

Number1,number2,... are 1 to 30 number arguments corresponding to a sample of a

population. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of

arguments separated by commas.

· Logical values such as TRUE and FALSE and text are ignored. If logical

values and text must not be ignored, use the STDEVA worksheet function.

Remarks

· STDEV assumes that its arguments are a sample of the population. If your data

represents the entire population, then compute the standard deviation using

STDEVP.

· The standard deviation is calculated using the "nonbiased" or "n-1" method.

· STDEV uses the following formula:

·

Example

Suppose 10 tools stamped from the same machine during a production run are collected

as a random sample and measured for breaking strength. The sample values (1345, 1301,

1368, 1322, 1310, 1370, 1318, 1350, 1303, 1299) are stored in A2:E3, respectively.

STDEV estimates the standard deviation of breaking strengths for all the tools.

STDEV(A2:E3) equals 27.46


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STDEVP

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population given as arguments. The standard

deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean).

Syntax

STDEVP(number1,number2,...)

Number1,number2,... are 1 to 30 number arguments corresponding to a population. You

can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated by

commas.

Logical values such as TRUE and FALSE and text are ignored. If logical values and text

must not be ignored, use the STDEVPA worksheet function.

Remarks

STDEVP assumes that its arguments are the entire population. If your data represents a

sample of the population, then compute the standard deviation using STDEV.

For large sample sizes, STDEV and STDEVP return approximately equal values.

The standard deviation is calculated using the "biased" or "n" method.

STDEVP uses the following formula:

Example

Using the same data from the STDEV example and assuming that only 10 tools are

produced during the production run, STDEVP measures the standard deviation of

breaking strengths for all the tools.

STDEVP(A2:E3) equals 26.05

Lookup Functions

LOOKUP

Returns a value either from a one-row or one-column range or from an array. The LOOKUP

function has two syntax forms: vector and array. The vector form of LOOKUP looks in a one-

row or one-column range (known as a vector) for a value and returns a value from the same

position in a second one-row or one-column range. The array form of LOOKUP looks in the

first row or column of an array for the specified value and returns a value from the same

position in the last row or column of the array. The LOOKUP function has two syntax forms:

vector and array.


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Syntax 1 : Vector form

LOOKUP ( lookup_value , lookup_vector , result_vector )

Lookup_value is a value that LOOKUP searches for in the first vector. Lookup_value

can be a number, text, a logical value, or a name or reference that refers to a value.

Lookup_vector is a range that contains only one row or one column.

o The values in lookup_vector can be text, numbers, or logical values.

o The values in lookup_vector must be placed in ascending order: ...,-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,

..., A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise, LOOKUP may not give the correct value.

Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent.

Result_vector is a range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size

as lookup_vector.

o If LOOKUP can't find the lookup_value, it matches the largest value in

lookup_vector that is less than or equal to lookup_value.

o If lookup_value is smaller than the smallest value in lookup_vector, LOOKUP

gives the #N/A error value.

Examples

In the preceding worksheet:

LOOKUP(4.91,A2:A7,B2:B7) equals "orange"

LOOKUP(5.00,A2:A7,B2:B7) equals "orange"

LOOKUP(7.66,A2:A7,B2:B7) equals "violet"

LOOKUP(7.66E-14,A2:A7,B2:B7) equals #N/A, because 7.66E-14 is less than the

smallest value in the lookup_vector A2:A7

Syntax 2 : Array form

LOOKUP ( lookup_value , array )

Lookup_value is a value that LOOKUP searches for in an array. Lookup_value can be a

number, text, a logical value, or a name or reference that refers to a value.

o If LOOKUP can't find the lookup_value, it uses the largest value in the array that

is less than or equal to lookup_value.

o If lookup_value is smaller than the smallest value in the first row or column

(depending on the array dimensions), LOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.

Array is a range of cells that contains text, numbers, or logical values that you want to

compare with lookup_value. The array form of LOOKUP is very similar to the


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HLOOKUP and VLOOKUP functions. The difference is that HLOOKUP searches for

lookup_value in the first row, VLOOKUP searches in the first column, and LOOKUP

searches according to the dimensions of array.

o If array covers an area that is wider than it is tall (more columns than rows),

LOOKUP searches for lookup_value in the first row.

o If array is square or is taller than it is wide (more rows than columns), LOOKUP

searches in the first column.

o With HLOOKUP and VLOOKUP, you can index down or across, but LOOKUP

always selects the last value in the row or column.

Examples

LOOKUP("C",{"a","b","c","d";1,2,3,4}) equals 3

LOOKUP("bump",{"a",1;"b",2;"c",3}) equals 2

HLOOKUP

Use HLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a row across the top of a table of

data, and you want to look down a specified number of rows.

Syntax

HLOOKUP ( lookup_value , table_array , row_index_num ,range_lookup)

Lookup_value is the value to be found in the first row of the table. Lookup_value can

be a value, a reference, or a text string.

Table_array is a table of information in which data is looked up. Use a reference to a

range or a range name.

o The values in the first row of table_array can be text, numbers, or logical values.

o If range_lookup is TRUE, the values in the first row of table_array must be placed

in ascending order: ...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,... , A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise,

HLOOKUP may not give the correct value. If range_lookup is FALSE,

table_array does not need to be sorted.

o Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent.

Row_index_num is the row number in table_array from which the matching value will

be returned.

o A row_index_num of 1 returns the first row value in table_array, a

row_index_num of 2 returns the second row value in table_array, and so on.

o If row_index_num is less than 1, HLOOKUP returns the #VALUE! error value;

if row_index_num is greater than the number of rows on table_array, HLOOKUP

returns the #REF! error value.

Range_lookup is a logical value that specifies whether you want HLOOKUP to find an

exact match or an approximate match.

o If TRUE or omitted, an approximate match is returned.

o In other words, if an exact match is not found, the next largest value that is less

than lookup_value is returned.

o If FALSE, HLOOKUP will find an exact match. If one is not found, the error

value #N/A is returned.


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Remarks

If HLOOKUP can't find lookup_value, and range_lookup is TRUE, it uses the largest

value that is less than lookup_value.

If lookup_value is smaller than the smallest value in the first row of table_array,

HLOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.

Examples

Suppose you have an inventory worksheet of auto parts. A1:A4 contain "Axles", 4, 5, 6. B1:B4

contain "Bearings", 4, 7, 8. C1:C4 contain "Bolts", 9, 10, 11.

HLOOKUP("Axles", A1:C4,2,TRUE) equals 4

HLOOKUP("Bearings",A1:C4,3,FALSE) equals 7

HLOOKUP("Bearings",A1:C4,3,TRUE) equals 7

HLOOKUP("Bolts",A1:C4,4,) equals 11

Table_array can also be an array constant:

HLOOKUP(3,{1,2,3;"a","b","c";"d","e","f"},2,TRUE) equals "c"

VLOOKUP

Use VLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data you

want to find. It is similar to HLOOKUP.

Examples

On the preceding worksheet, where the range A4:C12 is named Range:

VLOOKUP(1,Range,1,TRUE) equals 0.946

VLOOKUP(1,Range,2) equals 2.17

VLOOKUP(1,Range,3,TRUE) equals 100

VLOOKUP(.746,Range,3,FALSE) equals 200

VLOOKUP(0.1,Range,2,TRUE) equals #N/A, because 0.1 is less than the smallest

value in column A

VLOOKUP(2,Range,2,TRUE) equals 1.71

Text Functions


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CONCATENATE

Joins several text strings into one text string.

Syntax

CONCATENATE ( text1 , text2 ,...)

Text1, text2, ... are 1 to 30 text items to be joined into a single text item. The text items can be

text strings, numbers, or single-cell references.

Remarks

The "&" operator can be used instead of CONCATENATE to join text items.

Examples

CONCATENATE("Total ", "Value") equals "Total Value". This is equivalent to typing

"Total"&" "&"Value"

Suppose in a stream survey worksheet, C2 contains "species", C5 contains " brook

trout", and C8 contains the total 32.

CONCATENATE("Stream population for ",C5," ",C2," is ",C8,"/mile") equals "Stream

population for brook trout species is 32/mile"

EXACT

Compares two text strings and returns TRUE if they are exactly the same, FALSE otherwise.

EXACT is case-sensitive but ignores formatting differences. Use EXACT to test text being

entered into a document.

Syntax

EXACT ( text1 , text2 )

Text1 is the first text string.

Text2 is the second text string.

Examples

EXACT("word","word") equals TRUE

EXACT("Word","word") equals FALSE

EXACT("w ord","word") equals FALSE

LEFT

Returns the first (or leftmost) character or characters in a text string.


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Syntax

LEFT ( text ,num_chars)

Text is the text string that contains the characters you want to extract.

Num_chars specifies how many characters you want LEFT to extract.

· Num_chars must be greater than or equal to zero.

· If num_chars is greater than the length of text, LEFT returns all of text.

· If num_chars is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.

Examples

LEFT("Sale Price", 4) equals "Sale"

If A1 contains "Sweden", then:

LEFT(A1) equals "S"

LEN

Returns the number of characters in a text string.

Syntax

LEN ( text )

Text is the text whose length you want to find. Spaces count as characters.

Examples

LEN("Phoenix, AZ") equals 11

LEN("") equals 0

LOWER

Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase.

Syntax

LOWER ( text )

Text is the text you want to convert to lowercase. LOWER does not change characters

in text that are not letters.

Examples

LOWER("E. E. Cummings") equals "e. e. cummings"

LOWER("Apt. 2B") equals "apt. 2b"

LOWER is similar to PROPER and UPPER. Also see examples for PROPER.

MID

Returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify.

Syntax

MID ( text , start_num , num_chars )


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Text is the text string containing the characters you want to extract.

Start_num is the position of the first character you want to extract in text. The first

character in text has start_num 1, and so on.

· If start_num is greater than the length of text, MID returns "" (empty text).

· If start_num is less than the length of text, but start_num plus num_chars

exceeds the length of text, MID returns the characters up to the end of text.

· If start_num is less than 1, MID returns the #VALUE! error value.

Num_chars specifies how many characters to return from text. If num_chars is

negative, MID returns the #VALUE! error value.

Examples

MID("Fluid Flow", 1, 5) equals "Fluid"

MID("Fluid Flow", 7, 20) equals "Flow"

MID("1234", 5, 5) equals "" (empty text)

REPLACE

Replaces part of a text string with a different text string.

Syntax

REPLACE ( old_text , start_num , num_chars , new_text )

Old_text is text in which you want to replace some characters.

Start_num is the position of the character in old_text that you want to replace with

new_text.

Num_chars is the number of characters in old_text that you want to replace with

new_text.

New_text is the text that will replace characters in old_text.

Examples

The following formula replaces five characters with new_text, starting with the sixth

character in old_text:

o REPLACE("abcdefghijk", 6, 5, "*") equals "abcde*k"

o The sixth through tenth characters are all replaced by "*".

The following formula replaces the last two digits of 1990 with 91:

o REPLACE("1990", 3, 2, "91") equals "1991"

o If cell A2 contains "123456", then:

REPLACE(A2, 1, 3, "@") equals "@456"

RIGHT

Returns the last (or rightmost) character or characters in a text string.

Syntax

RIGHT ( text ,num_chars)

Text is the text string containing the characters you want to extract.


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Num_chars specifies how many characters you want to extract.

· Num_chars must be greater than or equal to zero.

· If num_chars is greater than the length of text, RIGHT returns all of text.

· If num_chars is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.

Examples

RIGHT("Sale Price", 5) equals "Price"

RIGHT("Stock Number") equals "r"

RIGHT is similar to LEFT; for more examples, see LEFT.

UPPER

Converts text to uppercase.

Syntax

UPPER ( text )

Text is the text you want converted to uppercase. Text can be a reference or text

string.

Examples

UPPER("total") equals "TOTAL"

If E5 contains "yield", then:

UPPER(E5) equals "YIELD"

Financial Functions

PMT

Calculates the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate.

Syntax

PMT ( rate , nper , pv ,fv,type)

Rate is the interest rate for the loan.

Nper is the total number of payments for the loan.

Pv is the present value, or the total amount that a series of future payments is worth

now; also known as the principal.

Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment is

made. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (zero), that is, the future value of a loan is 0.

Type is the number 0 (zero) or 1 and indicates when payments are due. Type=0 or

omitted payment at the end of the period & Type = 1 payment at the beginning of

the period.

Remarks


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The payment returned by PMT includes principal and interest but no taxes, reserve

payments, or fees sometimes associated with loans.

Make sure that you are consistent about the units you use for specifying rate and nper. If

you make monthly payments on a four-year loan at an annual interest rate of 12 percent,

use 12%/12 for rate and 4*12 for nper. If you make annual payments on the same loan,

use 12 percent for rate and 4 for nper.

To find the total amount paid over the duration of the loan, multiply the returned PMT

value by nper.

Examples

The following formula returns the monthly payment on a $10,000 loan at an annual rate

of 8 percent that you must pay off in 10 months:

PMT(8%/12, 10, 10000) equals -$1,037.03

For the same loan, if payments are due at the beginning of the period, the payment is:

PMT(8%/12, 10, 10000, 0, 1) equals -$1,030.16

The following formula returns the amount someone must pay to you each month if you

loan that person $5,000 at 12 percent and want to be paid back in five months:

PMT(12%/12, 5, -5000) equals $1,030.20

You can use PMT to determine payments to annuities other than loans. For example, if

you want to save $50,000 in 18 years by saving a constant amount each month, you can

use PMT to determine how much you must save. If you assume you'll be able to earn 6

percent interest on your savings, you can use PMT to determine how much to save each

month.

PMT(6%/12, 18*12, 0, 50000) equals -$129.08

If you pay $129.08 into a 6 percent savings account every month for 18 years, you will

have $50,000.

PPMT

Returns the payment on the principal for a given period for an investment based on periodic,

constant payments and a constant interest rate.

Syntax

PPMT (rate ,per ,nper ,pv ,fv, type)

Rate is the interest rate per period.

Per specifies the period and must be in the range 1 to nper.

Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity.


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Pv is the present value - the total amount that a series of future payments is worth now.

Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment is

made. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (zero), that is, the future value of a loan is 0.

Examples

The following formula returns the principal payment for the first month of a two-year

$2,000 loan at 10 percent annual interest:

PPMT(10%/12, 1, 24, 2000) equals -$75.62

The following function returns the principal payment for the last year of a 10-year

$200,000 loan at 8 percent annual interest:

PPMT(8%, 10, 10, 200000) equals -$27,598.05


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Chapter 6: Exercises & Exams

Exercises

Auto fill Feature, Sum, and Average Functions

1. Open a new Excel workbook and Save it on your desktop. The filename must be your

name.

2. Write the goal of the excel program in cell A1 in sheet1.

3. Write the Goal of each of the following commands in sheet2:

a) Tab (Cell A1)

b) Shift + Tab (Cell B3)

c) Home and Ctrl + Home (Cell C2)

d) Page Down, Page Up (Cell D7)

e) Alt + F4 (Cell H4)

4. Use Sheet3 and use the automatic fill feature to do the following:

a) Type the names of the week days in the first column;

b) Type the names of the months in the second column;

c) Type fthm 10 times in the third column;

d) Type from 1 to 100 in the fourth column;

e) Type week1, week2, week3…Week15 in the fifth column.

f) Type the odd numbers and the even numbers in the sixth columns.

5. Use sheet4 and enter the following table:

Grades of the first, second and third exams

# Student name 100 50 50 Sum=200

1 Amal 89 37 32

2 Samir 56 34 23.5

3 Nabil 67 34 25.5

4 Nadim 74 37 24.5

5 Carla 34 37 27.5

6 Paolo 45 32 19.5

7 Leonardo 67 32 21.5

8 Franscesco 54 38 35

Average

6. Calculate the sum of the three exams for each student.

7. Calculate the average of each exam of all students.


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Percentages Values - Comments - Rename - Copy data

1. Create a new workbook. Save it on your desktop.

2. Use sheet1 to enter the following table which shows the data for growth of schools in

country X:

Dates Elementary

schools

Secondary

schools

Total number

of schools

% Elementary

schools

% Secondary

schools

1997 1050 1110

1998 1160 1360

1999 1225 1380

2000 1250 1660

2001 1425 1900

2002 1800 2400

2003 2100 2720

3. Type the following title: Data for growth of schools in country X. The title must be bold,

Arial and 20-font size.

4. Compute the total number of schools.

5. Compute the percentage of elementary schools.

6. Compute the percentage of secondary schools.

7. Insert a comment in the Dates Cell and type your comment about the growth of schools.

8. Insert a comment in the % elementary schools Cell and type your comment.

9. Insert a comment in the % secondary schools Cell and type your comment.

10. Copy the table on the same sheet.

11. Copy sheet1 information in sheet2.

12. Update sheet2 in a way that the variation on the table in sheet1 must affect the variation

on the table in sheet2.

13. Copy sheet2 in a new sheet.

14. Rename the new sheet as "fthm".


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Functions (IF, Lookup, Medium, Standard Deviation)

1. Enter the following table in sheet1:

# Name E-mail address Seating

1 Hassein [email protected] S1

2 Jamil Jamil @ ul.edu.lb S2

3 Kamal Kamal @ ul.edu.lb S3

4 Nabil Nabil @ ul.edu.lb S4

5 Hanaa Hanaa @ ul.edu.lb S5

6 Dan Dan @ ul.edu.lb S6

7 Mona Mona @ ul.edu.lb S7

2. Rename sheet 1 as Students

3. Sort the table by name (ascending then descending). What is the difference? Write the

difference in cell A15.

4. Hide columns B & C

5. Enter the following table with correspondence to the above table:

Name Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Ago

Hassein 93 97 89 94 88 92 93 95

Jamil 95 85 83 93 87 85 91 90

Kamal 97 95 92 96 91 93 98 99

Nabil 85 80 87 83 88 84 82 90

Hanaa 87 84 90 88 86 82 91 92

Dan 88 95 94 95 91 85 90 93

Mona 91 86 89 89 90 94 88 96

6. Compute the quiz average for each student

7. Put the appropriate grade for each student by using the IF function (Excellent if the

grade is greater than 85; Very Good if the grade is greater than 75; Good if the grade is

greater than 65; Pass if the grade is greater than or equal 50; Weak if the grade is lower

than 50).

8. Repeat the previous question but by using the lookup function.

9. Analyze scores by computing the mean (average), median & standard deviation for

each exam.

Charts

1. Enter the following table in sheet 1. The table shows the number of students in the

Faculty of Tourism & Hospitality Management (FTHM) – Lebanese University (LU).


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TT stands for Tourism & Travel department; TG stands for Tourism Guidance

department, and HM stands for Hotel Management department.

FTHM 1year 2year 3year 4year

TT 35 32 29 25

TG 25 21 20 18

HM 50 48 45 41

2. The chart must have the following characteristics:

(a) Use Column Chart type.

(b) Use Clustered column with a 3-D visual effect Chart sub-type.

(c) Type FTHM as Chart title.

(d) In the Value (Z) axis write Number of students

(e) Choose Major gridlines for (X) axis & (Z) axis

(f) Move the legend to the bottom of the chart

(g) Show the value of the data on the chart

(h) Show the data table below the chart

(i) The chart location must be on a new sheet.

3. Do the following changes:

(j) Change the font size of chart title to 18.

(k) Rotate the Value (Z) axis (Number of students).

4. Add texture to your background:

(l) Choose the Parchment color block for Walls

(m) Choose the Green marble color block for Floor

(n) the first data bar must have Bright yellow color

(o) the second data bar must have Bright green color

(p) the third data bar must have red color

5. Rotate your chart as follows (3 D View):

(q) The Elevation = 15 degree.

(r) The Rotation = 40 degree.

(s) Perspective of chart = 30 degree

6. Add depth to your chart as follows:

(t) Gap depth = 170.

(u) Gap width = 90.

(v) Chart depth = 699.

7. Add worksheet graphics from Clip Art on a new sheet

(w) Use Shadow Style 6 to place a shadow behind the clip art graphic.

(x) Choose Bright Green color for your shadow.

(y) Nudge Shadow down four times, and Nudge Shadow Right four times.

(z) Semitransparent Shadow.

8. Create and insert a do-it-yourself (DIY) graphic on a new sheet.


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9. Use WordArt to write the title FTHM (use Multicolor WordArt and Size = 32).

10. Add any map to your worksheet

11. Use the Pie chart type & 3-D visual effect chart subtype to chart the number of students

in the first year in the three departments. The Pie chart must have the following

characteristics:

(aa) Title must be bold and 36 size.

(bb) Legend: regular, 16 size, at the bottom of the chart.

(cc) Show value on the chart

12. Repeat the last question for the second year, third year and fourth year.


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Tourism Application

The Following table shows the percentage number of visitors to Lebanon during the months of

the 1998-year by MEA Company and others.

Company Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dec

MEA 45% 30% 45% 53% 62% 54% 51% 41% 39% 30% 54% 55%

BA 7% 6% 8% 7% 8% 6% 9% 7% 8% 10% 10% 8%

AF 5% 8% 9% 7% 9% 10% 8% 5% 7% 7% 8% 4%

GF 9% 8% 10% 11% 10% 11% 8% 6% 8% 10% 9% 12%

EK 12% 12% 14% 13% 17% 12% 17% 18% 12% 11% 11% 10%

Others

Where: MEA (Middle East Airline Air Liban), AF (Air France), GF (Gulf Airline), BA

(British airways), EK (Emirates Airline). Note that the numbers in the table are not real.

1) Run the Excel program and enter the above table. Call the sheet as Visitors-To-Lebanon.

2) Calculate the average percentage number of visitors during the 1998-year by each

company.

3) Calculate the percentage number of visitors during each month of the 1998-year by the

others; and then the average.

4) Chart the average percentage number of visitors during the 1998-year by each Company.

Use the Pie Standard Type. Name the chart sheet as Visitors-Percent.

5) If the MEA number of visitors during the 1998-year is 400,000 persons. How many visitors

Lebanon has in 1998-year.

6) Calculate the number of visitors by each company.

7) Chart the relation between the company name and the visitors’ number. Name the chart

sheet as Visitors-Number.

8) Format the sheet Visitor-To-Lebanon. Create a title of the table.

9) Format the chart Visitor–Number as follows:

a) Format each object of the chart (title, axis, walls, Gridlines, floor, data

series, Plot area, legend, Chart area).

b) Add a special text you want to be on your chart.

c) Add arrows and other objects to your chart.

10) Format the chart Visitor-Percent as previously in (9).


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Travel Agency Application

1. Open a new Workbook and name it Travel Agency.

2. Enter the following table in sheet1 and delete sheet2 & sheet3.

Travel Agency Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Agent Sales $25,000 $33,500 $47,000 $51,000 $25,350 $47,000

Commission

Incentive

Expense $800 $800 $700 $650 $600 $600

Salaries $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200 $1,200

Net Profit

Assume that: Commission = 9% of Agent Sales; Incentive = 3% of (Agent Sales –

Commission).

3. Calculate the Commission during the months from January to June.

4. Compute the incentive during the months from January to June.

5. Compute the NetProfit during the months from January to June.

NetProfit = (Commission + Incentive) - (Expense + Salaries).

6. Calculate the average Net Profit of the Travel Agency Office.

7. Use the COUNTIF function to count how many months the Net Profit is lower than

$1000.

8. Chart the relation between each of the following:

(i) Agent Sales & the months from Jan to Jun.

(ii) Incentive & the months from Jan to Jun.

(iii) Expenses & the months from Jan to Jun.

(iv) Salaries & the months from Jan to Jun.

(v) Net Profit & the months from Jan to Jun.

9. Chart the above table. Save the chart on a new sheet and name it as “Travel Agency”.

N.B. Use the Column or Bar Chart type with three dimensions.


127

Restaurant Application

1. Open a new Workbook and name it Restaurant.

2. Enter the next table in sheet1 and delete sheet2 & sheet3.

Restaurant Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dec

# of lunches/day 20 15 20 25 25 30 25 40 35 30 25 45

# of lunches/month

Average sale / lunch

Total sales

Fixed cost

Variable cost

Total cost

Net Profit

3. Calculate the number of lunches/month.

4. Compute the Total sales for each month if the Average sale/lunch is equal to $15 for

Jan-May & $20 for Jun-Nov & $25 for Dec.

5. Assume the fixed cost is equal to $3000 for all months.

6. Calculate the variable cost (= 35% of total sales).

7. Compute the total cost.

8. Calculate the Net Profit for each month, then for one year.

9. Use the COUNTIF function to count how many months the Net Profit is lower than

$3000.

10. Chart the relation between each of the following:

(vi) # of lunches/Day & the months.

(vii) # of lunches/month & the months.

(viii) Average sale / lunch & the months.

(ix) Total sales & the months.

(x) Total cost & the months.

(xi) Net Profit & the months.

11. Chart the above table without including the # of lunches. Save the chart on a new sheet

and name it as “restaurant chart”.

N.B. Use the Column or Bar Chart type with three dimensions.


128

General Exercise

Part I

1. Enter the following table in sheet1 and rename the sheet as GradesFTHM1. Delete Sheet2

and Sheet3.

A B C D E F G H

1 Student name First/100 Second/50 Third/40

2 Amal 89 37 32

3 Samir 56 34 23.5

4 Nabil 67 34 25.5

5 Nadim 74 37 24.5

6 Carla 34 37 27.5

2. Create a title for your document “Grades of the Second Year Tourism and Travel

1998/1999". The title must have the following: bold, italic, Arial Style font, 20 font Size and

Center. (Use the center and merge button).

3. Compute the Total grade (E Column). The maximum total grade is 100. The maximum

first grade is 30; the second is 30; the third is 40. Use the formula command and then copy it.

4. Repeat the last question with the following: the maximum first grade must be 20; the

second must be 30; the third must be 50. Then undo the changes due to this question.

5. Calculate the average of the first; second, third exams and Total grade (Use the function

command).

6. Use the cell F10 to compute the maximum total grade.

7. Use the cell G10 to compute the minimum total grade.

8. Insert a comment in F10 cell to write maximum grade.

9. Insert a comment in G10 cell to write minimum grade.

10. Chart the relation between the student name and the total grade. Save the chart on a new

sheet. Rename the Chart sheet as GraphFTHM.

11. Use the Auto format command to format your table or use the cell format to format you

table, as you like.

Part II

12. Copy Sheet 1 to a new Sheet. Rename the copied Sheet as GradesFTHM2.

13. Use the Column F to round the grades in column E to the nearest integer number. Use the

ROUND function.

14. Create a conditional formatting in Column F in which you have to distinguish the

successful student from the failing student.


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15. Create the following lookup table:

Lookup Table

Grade Letter

0 Very Bad

30 Bad

50 Pass

60 Fair

70 Good

80 Very Good

90 Excellent

16. Insert the lookup function in Column G by using the previous lookup table.

17. Audit your functions in your worksheet.

Part III

18. Create in Column H a function that depends on three absolute Reference cells J1, J2, J3, in

which you can determine the maximum grade of each exam. The function must be as

follows:

[First/100]*J1+ [Second/50]*J2 + [Third/40]*J3

Where First = B2, B3 … & Second = C2, C3… & Third = D2, D3 …

19. Assume J1=30, J2=30 and J3=40. Compare columns H and E.

Part IV

20. Add a new worksheet and name it as “Tourism”.

21. Create the following table in “Tourism” sheet:

Lebanon districts Mount-Lebanon The South The Bekaa The North Beirut

Number of

tourisms 50% 7% 10% 10% 23%

22. Use the IF function to check that the sum is 100% and to give you an error message if the

sum is not equal to 100%.

23. Format the cell “Beirut” as follows: Bold, Italic and Underline.

24. Use the Format Painter button to copy the format of the “Beirut” cell to all other cells.

25. Chart the data of the above table and use the Pie Chart type. Save it on a new sheet and

name it as Tourism Chart.

Part V


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26. Add a new worksheet and name it as “Calendar 2003-2006”. Create the calendar of 2003-

2004-2005-2006. Use Auto fill command to enter all days and months. Please note that:

o Each of the following months “January, March, May, July, August,

October and December” has 31 days. The others have 30 days

each.

o The February month has 28 days in 2003-2005-2006 and 29 days

in 2004.

o Wednesday is the first day of 2003 (1/1/2003 is Wednesday).

Part VI

27. Add a new worksheet and name it as “Roman numbers”. Use the Sheet to explore the

Roman numeral number from 1 to 10, then from 10 to 100, then from 1980 to 2002.

Part VII

28. Add a new worksheet and name it as “Store Budget”. Use the Sheet to design a worksheet

that creates a budget for a store in one year. It must include the credits and the debits and the

net profit.

Part VIII

29. Be sure that all sheets must have the following order: “GradesFTHM1” ,

“GradesFTHM2”, “GraphFTHM”, “Tourism”, “TourismChart”, “Roman numbers”,

“Calendar 2003-2006”, and “Store Budget”.

30. Protect your Workbook.


131

Excel Projects

Project I Use the excel program to design a program for the grades of students. It must include the

following:

The sub-grade of each exam;

The total grade of each exam;

The total grade of each student;

The result of each student (Excellent-Very good-etc.);

The names of the failed Exams;

The form for entering grades;

The report for giving certificate of grades.

Project II Use the excel program to design a program for the database of students. It must include the

following:

All personal information of students;

A report that gives a certificate on the student information.

Project III Use the excel program to design a program for a travel agency. It must include the following:

All personal information of employees;

The accounting of the travel agency (expensive, salaries, net profit, etc.);

A report that gives a certificate on the employee information;

A report that gives all accounting information on the travel agency.

Project IV Use the excel program to design a program for a Hotel. It must include the following:

All personal information of employees;

Organizing the hotel: rooms, restaurant, etc. ;

The accounting of the Hotel (expensive, salaries, net profit, etc.);

A report that gives a certificate on the employee information;

A report that gives all accounting information on the Hotel, rooms, restaurant etc.

Project V Use what you learned in this book about the excel program, to design a program for a store, or

pharmacy, or any your own subject.


132

EXAMS

Windows Exam

TEMPLATE ONE

State the basic components of the computer hardware items?

Explain briefly the following Windows XP terms:

i. Start Up Folder

ii. Defragment

iii. Disk cleanup

iv. Screen saver

State the buttons that does not do anything by itself.

Add the following two binary numbers: 11101+ 1101

What is importance of clipboard? When you use it?

Explain briefly the following buttons: MC, CE, STA

TEMPLATE TWO

State the basic components of the computer hardware? IN DETAILS.

Explain briefly the following terms:

Back Up

Disk Cleanup

Defragment

Give example to explain the difference between Save and Save as.

State all mouse operations you know. Then explain each one by giving examples.

Explain briefly the following buttons: MS, M+, STA, DAT

What is importance of each of Character Map and Media Player?

TEMPLATE THREE

Q1. State the basic components of the computer Case?

Q2. State all mouse operations you know. Then explain each one by giving examples.

Q3. Explain briefly the following buttons: MR, STA.

Q4. Computer software = …………………+……………….

Q5. State all types of Icons.

Q6. State three methods to delete a file.

Q7. In 100 pages Word file for example. What do you do to print pages 5, 15, and from 30 to

60 and finally page 99?

Q8. Explain the following Windows XP terms:

v. Start Up Folder

vi. Screen saver


133

TEMPLATE FOUR

1. Computer Case contains:

a. Storages devices drive.

b. Buttons to turn on/off.

c. Motherboard.

d. Hard disk.

2. Storage devices may be:

a. Floppy disks. b. CD-R.

c. Flash Disk USB. d. Hard disk.

3. Operating system example is:

a. Microsoft Paint.

b. Microsoft Internet explorer.

c. Microsoft Word.

d. Microsoft Windows.

4. How much CD-ROM you need to store data with 10 GB (Knowing that CD-ROM

capacity is 600MB).

a.28 b. 17 c. 11 d. 10

5. The equivalent binary number of “10 binary + 1010 decimal” is:

a. 10100 b. 10010 c. 11011 d. none of the previous

6. The sum of the following two binary numbers "11” and "111" is:

a. 1010 b. 1011 c. 1100 d. 1111

7. Right Click when you want to:

a. Open a shortcut menu

b. Open a popup menu

c. Delete a dialog box

d. All of the previous

8. Right drag when you want to:

a. Copy a file or a folder

b. Move a file or a folder

c. Create shortcut of a file

d. Create shortcut of a folder

9. To move a window:

a. drag its status bar

b. drag its menu bar

c. drag its title bar

d. all of the above

10. To delete a folder (Choose the true):

a. Select it press delete on keyboard

b. Right click on it click delete from the menu.

c. Drag the folder to recycle bin icon

d. Select it then press Shift + DELETE.

11. To print pages 1,2,3,7,10,11,12 in a file, you have to type in print dialog box:

a. 1-3,7,10-12.


134

b. 1,3-7-10,12.

c. 1 to 3 & 7 & 10 to 12.

d. None of the above.

12. Commands can be found normally in:

a. Menu bar. b. Toolbars.

c. Dialog boxes. d. Status bar.

13. Toolbars Contain:

a. All commands.

b. Only the viewing and editing commands.

c. Only the inserting and formatting commands.

d. The most important & used commands.

14. Shortcut icon is defined as:

a. Copy icon.

b. Copy and Move icon.

c. Open a file from a remote location.

d. All of the above.

15. In control panel, you can find the properties of:

a. Date & time. b. Display.

c. Mouse. d. Taskbar.

16. It is a moving image that appears on the computer monitor when you have not used

your computer for a while:

a. Screen saver image.

b. Appearance image.

c. Screen resolution image.

d. None of the above.

17. To create new user in Windows. Open Control Panel, then click:

a. Add/Remove programs icon.

b. Add/Remove hardware icon.

c. Users and Password icon.

d. New Users icon.

18. You want to buy four tickets for Beirut-Cairo [Price of one ticket = $200] with 15%

discount. Use the calculator to calculate the discount. Choose all correct solutions (C

stands for Click):

a. C 4 C * C 200 C 15 C %

b. C 200 C * C 4 C 15 C %

c. C 200 C * C 4 C* type 0.15

d. All of the above are true.

19. Which key deletes text after, or to the right, of the insertion point?

a. <Page Up> b. <Page Down>

c. <Delete> d. <Backspace

20. About Statistical box in the Calculator Program. Choose the True definition:

a. CAD is used to clear all data in the statistical box.

b. CD is used to clear the selected data.

c. RET is used to switch to the calculator program.

d. LOAD is used to display in the calculator the selected number in the statistical box.


135

Word Exam

READ CAREFULLY THIS EXAM, THEN CIRCLE THE TRUE AND CROSS THE FALSE:

I) READ EACH SENTENCE ABOUT MICROSOFT WORD

1.


tools to create a variety of professional-looking documents. Microsoft Word is the most

widely used and, the most powerful and user-friendly word-processor programs

available.

2.

Word automatically checks your spelling and grammar. It gives you the possibility to

create your own templates and styles. It even lets you insert charts, tables, and pictures

into your documents.

3. Word doesn’t give you the drawing commands to draw your own pictures.

4. With Word you can work with WordArt & AutoShapes. You can create Mail Merge,

Web Page and you can work with Forms.

5. You can know about revisions, comments and versions. You can learn how you can

work with long documents.

6. The Character may be a letter, number, symbol, or a space in Word Program.

7. Each Word in Word Program is a set of characters without spacing or is a group of

characters between two spaces.

8. The Paragraph is a set of words that finish with point.

9. The sentence is a set of Paragraphs that finish by typing Enter.

10. Section is a set of paragraphs that finish with a section break.

11. Word Count is a Word feature and it can be used to count only the number of words in a

document.

12. Repeat command is also a Word command like Redo and Undo commands.

13. With Word you can Create Text Box and any object like Paint image.

14. The following button is used to Copy characters and Copy picture.

15. Drop Cap is used to obtain Huge Letter at the beginning of the paragraph.

16. Change case is used to get upper, lower, sentence, toggle, title case.

17. Toggle case means all characters are capitals letters.

18. To create a mail merge you need to create or open two files: a main document and a data

source. The data source file contains the information and records to be inserted in mail

merge. The data source file can be written in Word, Excel, or Access.

19. When you perform a mail merge, you can directly send the results to a printer or to a

new document.

20. Letters is a type of document that you can create using mail merge. While Envelopes is

not a type of document that you can create using mail merge.

21. Comments enable you or other users to add notes to a document so they can make

suggestions, comments, or criticize your work.

22. You can protect a document so that users must enter a password to open and/or modify

the document.

23. Footnote is a note related to a certain text and it is placed in the header of the page that


136

contains the note. If that text is moved to another page, the note is automatically moved

to that page.

24. A cross-reference is a reference to an item that appears in another location in a

document - for example, "See Figure 1 on page 3."

25.

You can create a table of contents based on a document’s heading styles. For example,

paragraphs formatted with the Heading 1 style would be main headings in the table of

contents; paragraph formatted with the Heading 2 style would be sub-headings of the

Heading 1 style, and so on.

26. A bookmark in Word marks your location in a document so that you can quickly find

and jump back to that location.

27. The default tab stops settings for Word are at every 10 inches.

28. Tab stop can be center, left, right, or decimal.

29. Decimal Tab Stop centers the number under the tab without regarding to the

number if it has decimal part or not.

30.

The four special types of indents are First line indent, Hanging. Indent, left indent, and

right indent.

31. The Hanging. Indent controls the all lines of the paragraph except the first line which is

controlled by the first line indent.

32. When you press <Enter> to start a new paragraph, the new paragraph is not formatted

exactly like the paragraph before it.

33. Footer is Text that appears at the top of every page in a document.

34. Every document you create in Word is based on a template.

35. A style is a set of character and paragraph formats that are stored under a name.

36. A template is a document that contains the text and formatting options that you can use

again and again when creating new documents.

37. Word can sort words alphabetically in a table, but not numerical information.

38. You can change the brightness, contrast, and crop a picture in Word program.

39. WordArt is an independent program and can be used by any Microsoft Office program,

such as Word or Excel. Like this word

40.

Revisions allow you to track and identify any changes made to a document, and accept

or reject the changes.

41. Revisions, versions and comments have the same role.


137

II) PRESS ON THE KEYBOARD A BUTTON TO MOVE THE CURSOR A NEW

LOCATION OR SELECT A SPECIAL TEXT

PRESS TO MOVE

42. Press Home To move to the start of the document

43. Press Page Up To move One page up

44. Press To move One character Left

45. Press Ctrl + Home To Select to the Start of document

46. Press Ctrl + Page Down To move to the Previous Page

47. Press Ctrl + ↑ To move One paragraph Down

48. Press Shift + Home To Select to Beginning of a line

49. Press Shift + Page Down To Select to One screen down

50. Press Shift + To Select to One character left

51. Press Ctrl + Shift + Home To Select to the Start of document

52. Press Ctrl + Shift + Page Up To Select to Next Page

53. Press Ctrl + Shift + ↑ To move One paragraph Down

III) TO SELECT THIS TEXT BY MOUSE DO THIS COMMAND.

TO SELECT THIS DO THIS

54. Single word Triple click the word

55. Sentence Triple click anywhere in the sentence

56. Paragraph Triple click anywhere inside the Paragraph

57. Graphic Click the graphic

58. One line Position the pointer to the left of the line until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + Double Click

59. Several lines Position the pointer to the left of the first line until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + drag Up or Down

60. Several paragraph

Position the pointer to the left of any paragraph until

it changes to a right-pointing arrow + Double click +

drag Up or Down.

61. Large block Click at the beginning of the text; scroll down and

Shift+ Click at the end

62. Entire document Position the pointer to the left of any text until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + Triple click

63. Vertical block Alt + drag


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IV) USE THE FOLLOWING KEYBOARD COMMAND TO DO THIS ACTION.

64. Ctrl + C Copy text

65. Ctrl + V Copy text

66. Ctrl + X Copy text

67. Ctrl + A Select All text

68. Ctrl + S Save document

69. Ctrl + N New document

70. Ctrl + O Open document

71. Ctrl + P Print document

72. Ctrl + Z Undo last action

73. Ctrl + Y Redo last action

74. Ctrl + F Find a text

75. Ctrl + H Replace a text

76. Ctrl + B Bold a text

77. Ctrl + U Underline a text

78. F9 Spelling & Grammar

79. F2 Help

80. Enter New paragraph

81. Ctrl + Enter Insert a break page

82. Shift + Enter Force new lines without starting a new paragraph

83. Ctrl + [ Decrease Font Size Relatively

84. Alt + F4 Exit from Word program or any program

85. Ctrl + E Exit from Word program or any program

86. Ctrl + R Right Text

87. Ctrl + L Left Text

88. Ctrl + J Justify Text

89. Ctrl + = Justify Text

90. Ctrl + shift + = Superscript text


139

Excel Exam

TEMPLATE ONE

1. Excel is:

An office application.

Windows accessories.

An operating system.

All of the above.

2. Excel is used for:

Statistics computation.

Accounting computation.

Analyzing data.

Drawing chart.

3. Which of the following is a way to complete a cell entry?

Clicking the Enter button on the Formula bar.

Pressing <Enter>.

Pressing any arrow key on the keyboard.

Pressing <Spacebar>.

4. Which of the following formulas is entered correctly?

=C90+99 =B17-B11

8+5 =139+100

5. Which of the following is an example of a value?

May 11, 2006 Number 9100

99% 1111

6. Which of following is an absolute cell reference?

A1. $AB$11111.

Z

65000.

$A$1.

7. Which of following is a relative cell reference?

A1. #A#1.

Z 65000. $A$1.

8. You enter “25 balls” in cell B1 and “21 balls” in cell B2. You then select both cells and drag

the fill handle down to cell B3. When you release the mouse button, which value will

appear in cell B3?

17 balls 21 balls

25 balls 29 balls

9. You enter “55 books” in cell C5 and “50 books” in cell C6. You then select both cells and

drag the fill handle down to cell C8. When you release the mouse button, which value will

appear in cell C8?

45 balls 40 balls

55 balls 50 balls

10. What symbol is used before a number to make it a label?

= ' (apostrophe)


140

" (quote) _ (Underscore)

11. What is the way of getting to cell A1 in a spreadsheet? Press

<Home> <Shift>+<Home>

<Ctrl>+<Home> <Alt>+<Home>.

12. Divide your worksheet into four panes by click Window menu, then click:

Split. Freeze.

Divide into 4. Split & Freeze

13. Which method do you click to add up a series of numbers in Cells A1, A2, A3, and A4?

The AutoSum.

The Paste function fx.

= A1+A2+A3+A4.

= SUM (A1:A4).

14. The Paste Special command lets you copy and paste:

The resulting values of a formula instead of the actual formula.

Formatting options.

Cell comments.

Multiply the selection by a copied value.

15. You have four cells that you want to combine into one. How can you do this? Select the

cells then

Click the Merge Cells button on the Status toolbar.

Select Tools → Merge Wizard from the menu.

Click the Merge and Center button on the Formatting toolbar.

Select the cells and select Edit → Merge Cells.

16. You want to use the Format Painter to apply formatting to several cells in a worksheet that

are not next to each other. How can you do this?

Click the Format Painter button.

Double-click the Format Painter button.

This isn’t possible.

17. How can you rotate text in a cell?

Select Format → Cells from the menu and click the Alignment tab.

Click the Alignment button arrow from the Formatting toolbar and select the desired

alignment.

Select Format → Text Direction from the menu.

Right-click the cell and select Text Direction from the shortcut menu.

18. Consolidating Data means Summarize information from multiple:

Worksheets into a single master sheet.

Workbooks into a single master sheet.

Workbooks & Worksheets into a single master sheet.

All of the previous are False.

19. Tools Protection Protect Worksheet is used to:

Protect the workbook.

Protect the selected table.


141

Protect the worksheet.

All of the above.

20. The default alignment for numbers is:

Right Left

Centered Justify

21. Which of the following is considered a type of chart:

Line Column

Radar Pie

22. Which of the following are objects that you can add to an Excel chart?

A legend A data table

Data labels Annotation

23. Update and change Excel chart by using the following methods?

Right Click Chart menu

Chart toolbar Chart dialog box

24. Which of the following statement is true:

Conditional Formatting is format that Excel automatically applies to cells if a specified

condition is true.

Splitting a window means divide the sheet into four panes.

Freezing a window means fix rows and columns during scrolling the scroll bar.

Password to Modify is similar to password to protect the worksheet.


Cell content can be text, number, formula, or function “pre-designed formula”.

Cell format can take any type of formatting “font size, style, alignment, border pattern, etc…).

Cell format can be obtained by “Format Cells”.

Cell Comment can be inserted by “Format Cells”.

26. Choose the true of the following:

If you delete a column by mistake; you can restore it by using the Undo button

By default, a new workbook contains three worksheets, and can contain more than three

worksheets.

You cannot move data from one worksheet to another

You can use the paste special command to perform mathematical functions when pasting

values

27. Which key do you hold down while pressing the arrow keys to select a range of cells

[Ctrl] [Shift]

[Enter] [Tab]

28. Which can Excel automatically insert into a header or footer

The current date Automatic page numbering

The file name All of the above

29. Which option allows you to center a large heading on a worksheet

Wrap text Shrink to fit

Merge cells None of the above

30. Cell E2 (=B2+D2). If you copy E2 to E3, then E3 is given by:

=B3+D3 =E2


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=B2+D2 No result

31. Cell E2 (=B2+D2). If you copy E2 to F3, then F3 is given by:

=B3+D3 = C3+E2

=B2+D2 = C3+E3

32. What happens to selected cells when you clear the formats?

Borders, colors, and patterns are cleared

Bolding and italicizes are cleared

Custom number formats are cleared

All of the above

33. Worksheet names can include:

Columns (:) Slash marks(/)

Star (*) None of the above

34. About Chart. Can you:

Change the font size of chart title

Rotate the z-axis text vertically.

Add texture to walls background.

Add texture to floor background.


Add color to the first data bar.

Add color to the second and third data bar.

Rotate your chart.

Add depth to your chart.

36. Functions in Excel can be:

IF Lookup

Average Sum

All next questions are related to the table below. Assume that the table is in sheet1 and UL

workbook file. Assume also that sheet2 is similar to sheet1 & workbook file UL2 is similar

to UL:

A B C D E F G H

1 FTHM Travel Agency

2 Airline Y2003 Y2004 Y2005 Y2006 Total Average Formula

3 Item1 55 50 45 43 =B3-B5

4 Item2 70 30 32 27 =5*C4-3*E5

5 Item3 85 23 20 10 =Sheet2! E4

6 Total =D5+2*Sheet2! B3

7 Average 71 = [UL2] Sheet1! E5

37. The formula that computes the total in Cell B6 is:

=B3+B4+B5 =SUM (B3:B5)

=(B3+B4+B5)/3 = (B3:B5)

38. The formula that computes the total of cells (B3,C3,D3,E3) in Cell F3 is:

=B3+C3+D3+E3


143

=SUM (B3:E3)

=SUM(B3:C3)+SUM(D3:E3

All of the previous.

39. The formula that computes the total of cells (B4,C4,D4,E4) in Cell F4 is done by:

Auto fill feature =B4+C4+D4+E4

copy-paste All are true

40. To compute the total in cells C6:E6?

Drag the fill handle of cell B6.

Merge & center the cell B6 to E6

Use the sum function for cell C6,D6 and E6

All of the above.

41. The formula that computes the average in Cell G3.

=(B3+C3+D3+E3)/4

=SUM (B3:E3)/4

=Average (B3:E3)

All of the above.

42. Cell that has Text Content is:

B2 B3

B6 B7

43. Cell that has Formula Content is:

B2 B3

B6 B7

44. Cell that has Comment Content is:

B2 B3

B6 No

Answer

45. Cells that have Merge & Center feature:

A1 A2

A3 B7

46. you can use the Auto fill feature in cell:

F3 F7

B6 G3

47. The Absolute cell reference can be used in:

F3 F7

B6 No Cells

48. The relative cell reference can be used in:

F3 F7

B6 G3

49. The following formula "=MIN(B3:E5)" =:

10 27

20 40

50. The following formula "=Mode(B3:E5)" =:

55 32

30 NA


144

51. The answer of the following formula "=IF(C3>40;TRUE;FALSE)" is:

TRUE FALSE

40 Wrong formula

52. You can get a significant chart by drawing:

A2:E5 B3:E5

A2:H7 A2:G2

53. The answer of the following formula "=IF(B3>75;GOOD;IF(B3>50;FAIR;FAIL))" is:

GOOD FAIR

FAIL Wrong formula

54. The answer of the following formula "=AND(B3>50;C3>50;D3>50;E3>50)" is:

TRUE FALSE

50 Wrong formula

55. The answer of the following formula "=LOOKUP(G7;$B$3:$B$5;$A$3:$A$5)" is:

Item1 Item3

Item2 Total

56. The result in Cell H3 is equal to:

30 -30

55-25 -29


110 120

130 125


27 Sheet2! 27

Sheet * 27 Sheet2! * 27


20 + 2* sheet2! 55 130

20 + sheet2!*55 + sheet2!*55 135


20 27

10 29


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TEMPLATE TWO

I – CIRCLE THE TRUE:

1. Lookup function requirements are:

Lookup value Lookup vector Result vector All are false

PMT function requirements are:

Rate value Present value Future value Nper

2. Nper may be the number of:

Payment per month Payment per year

Payment per day Payment per any period

3. What does the error #DIV/0! Mean?

a) That a formula is divided by the letter O.

b) That a number value is too wide to display within the cell.

c) That a formula is divided by zero.

d) None of the above.

4. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the simplest method that can be used to calculate A1 value

knowing that A3=30 & A2=20:

a) The Data table b) The Solver c) Goal Seek d) Formula

5. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the simplest method that can be used to calculate A1 & A2

values knowing that A3=30:


6. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the simplest method that can be used to calculate A3 values

knowing that A1 takes 10,20,30 values and A2 takes 15,30,45 values:


II – CIRCLE THE TRUE AND CROSS THE FALSE:

a) Data Validation lets you restrict which type of information is entered in a cell.

b) The Data Form is used to add records to a list or database.

c) AutoFilter displays only the records that meet your criteria, and hides the others.

d) PivotTables summarize the information in a list.

e) A hyperlink is a link that points to a file, a specific location in a file, or a web page on

the Internet or on an intranet.

f) Non-Interactive Web pages let users also interact with the data on your Web page but

not all items.

g) You must protect a document to prevent changes being made to any locked cell by

using Password Protection.

h) Password to Open gives access to the user to edit the book.

i) Password to Modify gives access to the user to edit the book.

j) A scenario is a set of values that Excel saves and can substitute automatically in your

worksheet.

k) Solver is to get specific formula result by changing many variables. Use Solver to

find solutions to complex what-if problems that have multiple variables and a range

of values.

l) Goal seek is to get specific formula result by changing only one variable.


146

m) A Data table displays the results of a formula using different values. Data table can be

two inputs or one Input.

III- READ THE FOLLOWING TABLE (DATABASE), AND THEN YOU ANSWER TO

ALL RELATED QUESTIONS:

A B C D E F H

1 ID Name Surname City Destination Price Date

2 1 Jad Hassan Sour Bey-Des1 100 1/1/2004

3 2 Hamed Fouad Beirut Bey-Des2 150 3/1/2004

4 3 Assad Nabil Tripoli Bey-Des3 200 7/1/2004

5 4 Nabil Jamil Saida Bey-Des3 250 11/1/2004

1. The above table contains:

a) A database.

b) A list.

c) None of the above.

2. The Data validation can be used in the above Table in:

a) Any column b) Only Column F

c) Only Column D d) Column H in Column F

3. =AVERAGE(F2:F5):

a) 175 b) 176 c) 185 d) NA

4. =MEDIAN(F2:F5):

a) 175 b) 176 c) 185 d) NA

5. =MODE(F2:F5):

a) 175 b) 176 c) 185 d) NA

6. =COUNTIF(F2:F5,">210"):

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

7. =B2&C2&D2:

a) Jad hassan sour b) Jad c) Hassan d) Sour

8. A-Z sort of the database records in column D is:

a) 2-4-1-3 b) 3-4-1-2 c) 2-3-4-1 d) All are false.


147

IV- Read carefully the following question, then writes your answers.

You want to open a travel agency and you need $50000. The solution is to take a loan from bank

X. You have the following data: 1) The interest per year = 14%; 2) Maximum Loan period = 3

year. Fill the table below if the monthly payment is $1,689.

RATE

NPER

FV

PV

TYPE

PMT $1,689

Explain briefly the using of Goal Seek in the above table.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

Explain briefly the using of Solver in the above table.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

Explain briefly the using of Scenario in the above table.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

The following table shows for us the monthly payment calculated by PMT (column variable =

monthly payment; row variable = loan amount):

$ 1,689 $ (10,000) $ (20,000) $ (30,000) $ (40,000) $ (50,000) $ (60,000)

12 $ 888 $ 1,775 $ 2,663 $ 3,550 $ 4,438 $ 5,325

24 $ 475 $ 949 $ 1,424 $ 1,898 $ 2,373 $ 2,848

36 $ 338 $ 676 $ 1,014 $ 1,351 $ 1,689 $ 2,027

48 $ 270 $ 540 $ 810 $ 1,080 $ 1,351 $ 1,621

60 $ 230 $ 460 $ 690 $ 920 $ 1,150 $ 1,380

1) What is the method used to get the above table?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

2) What is the monthly payment if your amount loan is $10000 and for 1 year loan period?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3) What is the monthly payment if your amount loan is $40000 and for 4 years loan

period?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

4) What is the monthly payment if your amount loan is $60000 and for 5 years loan

period?

…………………………………………………………………………………..


148

Full Exam1

READ CAREFULLY ALL QUESTIONS, AND THEN FILL THE TABLE BELOW BY TYPING T, F, A, B, C, D, or

ALL (T stands for true, F for false, ALL for ABCD):

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D D D D D All All All All All 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

F F T T T T T T F F 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

F F T T T T T T F F 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

F F T T T T T T F F 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

F F T T T T T T F F 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

C C C C C All All All All All 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

B B B B B B B B B B 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

All All All All All All All All All All 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

All All All All A A A A A A 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

A A A A A A A A A A


149

CHOOSE ALL CORRECT ANSWERS:

1. Which key deletes text after, or to the right, of the insertion point?

a. <Page Up> b. <Page Down>

c. <Delete> d. <Backspace<

2. To delete a file (Choose the False):

a. Select the file icon press delete on keyboard

b. Right click on the file icon click delete from the menu.

c. Drag the file icon to recycle bin icon

d. Select it then press Backspace.

3. To print pages 12,13,14,17,20,21,22 in a document file, you have to type in print dialog box:

a. 12-14,17,20-22.

b. 12,14-17-20,22.

c. 12 to 14 &17 & 20 to 22.

d. All of the previous are false.

4. You can print in any Word documents:

a. Even pages

b. Odd pages.

c. Some pages.

d. All of the previous are true.

5. Shortcut icon is defined as:

a. Open a file from DVD or CD.

b. Open a file from the Desktop.

c. Open a file from USB.

d. Open a file from a remote location.

6. Computer Case include:

a. CD & DVD drives.

b. Hard disk.

c. Motherboard.

d. RAM & ROM.

7. Is not considered a storage devices:

a. USB. b. DVD.

c. CD. d. RAM.

8. Examples of application software:

a. Microsoft Paint.

b. Microsoft Internet explorer.

c. Microsoft Word.

d. Microsoft Excel.

9. Right drag when you want to:

a. Copy a file or a folder

b. Move a file or a folder

c. Create shortcut of a file

d. Create shortcut of a folder

10. Choose the True definition in the Calculator Program:

a. M+ is used to add the displayed number to the number stored in memory.

b. MC is used to clear the number stored in memory.

c. MR is used to recall the number stored in memory.

d. MS is used to store the displayed number in the memory.

11. You enter “5 balls” in cell B1 and “7 balls” in cell B2. You then select both cells and drag the fill handle

down to cell B3. When you release the mouse button, which value will appear in cell B3?

a) 7 balls b) 5 balls

c) 9 balls d) 57 balls

12. You enter “55 books” in cell C5 and “50 books” in cell C6. You then select both cells and drag the fill

handle down to cell C8. When you release the mouse button, which value will appear in cell C8?

a) 45 balls b) 55 balls

c) 40 balls d) 50 balls

13. What symbol is used before a number to make it a label?

a) =' (apostrophe) b) " (quote) & ' (apostrophe)

c) ' (apostrophe) d) _ (Underscore) & ' (apostrophe)

14. What is the way of getting to cell A1 in a spreadsheet? Press

a) <Home> b) <Shift>+<Home>

c) <Ctrl>+<Home> d) <Alt>+<Home>.


150

15. Fix rows or columns by using the command:

a) Split or Freeze. b) Split.

c) Freeze. d) Split and Freeze

16. Which of the following formulas is entered correctly?

a) =C90+99 b) =B17-B11

c) =8+5 d) =F139+C100

17. Which of the following is an example of a value?

a) May 11, 2006 b) 9100

c) 0.000001% d) 2590001234

18. Which of following is an absolute cell reference?

a) $A$1. b) $AB$999999

c) $Z$65000. d) $AZ$99999.

19. Which of following is a relative cell reference?

a) A1. b) AA99.

c) Z65000. d) BB88.

20. Which method do you click to get the average of a series of numbers in Cells A1, A2, A3, and A4?

a) The symbols and then divide by 4.

b) = SUM (A1:A4)/4.

c) = (A1+A2+A3+A4)/4.

d) = AVERAGE (A1:A4).

21. You want to use the Format Painter to apply formatting to several cells in a worksheet that are not next

to each other. How can you do this?

a) Click the Format Painter button.

b) Double-click the Format Painter button.

c) Triple-click the Format Painter button

d) This isn’t possible.

22. The value of COUNTIF(F1:F5;>5) is (Assume F1=5, F2=6, F3=7, F4=8, F5=9):

e) 1 f) 4 g) 3 h) 2

23. The value of MAX(F1:F5) is (Assume F1=5, F2=6, F3=7, F4=8, F5=9):

a) 8 b) 9 c) 19 d) 29

24. The value of B2&C2 is (Assume B2=Y2009, C2=Y2010):

e) Y2009Y2000 f) Y2009Y2010 g) Y2009+Y2010 h) Y2009&Y201

0

25. The default alignment for Text is:

a) Right b) Left

c) Centered d) Justify

26. Which key do you hold down while pressing the arrow keys to select a range of cells

a. [Ctrl] b. [Shift]

c. [Enter] d. [Tab]

27. Cell E2 (=B2+D2). If you copy E2 to F2, then F2 is given by:

a) No result b) = C2+E2

c) =B2+D2 d) = C3+E3

28. The value of AVERAGE(D5:E5) is (Assume D5=5 and E5=10):

e) 15 f) 7.5 g) 5 h) (15+5)/2

29. The value of MEDIAN(F1:F5) is (Assume F1=5, F2=6, F3=7, F4=8, F5=9):

a) (5+6+7+8+9)/5 b) 7 c) 6,7,8 d) None Available

30. The value of MODE(F1:F5) is (Assume F1=5, F2=6, F3=7, F4=7, F5=9):

a) (5+6+7+8+9)/5 b) 7 c) 6,7,8 d) None Available

31. The Paste Special command lets you copy and paste:

a) Formulas.

b) Values.

c) Comments.

d) Formats.


151

32. Which of the following is considered a type of chart:

a) Scatter b) Column

c) Area d) Pie

33. Which of the following are objects that you can add to an Excel chart?

a) A legend b) A data table

c) Data labels d) Title


a) Cell content can be text.

b) Cell content can be number.

c) Cell content can be formula.

d) Cell content can be function.

35. Choose the true of the following:

a) If you delete a column by mistake; you can restore it by using the Undo button

b) By default, a new workbook contains three worksheets, and can contain more than three worksheets.

c) You can move data from one worksheet to another

d) You can use the paste special command to perform mathematical functions when pasting values


a) Change the font size of chart title

b) Rotate the z-axis text vertically.

c) Add texture to walls background.

d) Add texture to floor background.


a) Add color to the first data bar.

b) Add color to the other data bar.

c) Rotate your chart.

d) Add depth to your chart.

38. Functions in Excel:

a) PMT b) Lookup

c) Stdev d) Mode

39. Cell that has Text Content is:

Hussein Bill

Jamil Date

40. Cell that has Formula Content is:

a) =B2 b) =B3-99999999

c) =B6+9 d) =B7*19/1200+23445-88439 + cos(90)*log(123)

41. Lookup function requirements are:

a) Lookup value b) Lookup vector c) Result vector d) All are True

42. PMT function requirements are:

a) Rate value b) Present value c) Future value d) All are True

43. CIRCLE THE TRUE:

n) The Data Form lets you restrict which type of information is entered in a cell.

o) Data Validation is used to add records to a list or database.

p) AutoFilter displays all the records that meet or not meet your criteria, and hides the others.

q) PivotTables summarize the information in a list.

44. CIRCLE THE TRUE:

a) Password to Open gives access to the user to edit the book.

b) You don’t need to protect a document to prevent people from opening and modifying it.

c) Password to Modify gives access to the user to read only the book.

d) A hyperlink is a link that points to a file, a specific location in a file, or a web page on the Internet.

45. You have four cells that you want to combine into one. How can you do this? Select the cells then

a) Click the Merge and Format button.

b) Click the Merge button.

c) Click the Center button.

d) Click the Merge and Center button.

46. Consolidating Data means:

a) Summarize information from multiple Worksheets into a single master sheet.

b) Print information from multiple Worksheets into a Printer.

c) Copy information from multiple Worksheets into a new workbook.


152

d) Delete all unnecessary information from multiple Worksheet.

47. The default alignment for numbers is:

a) Right b) Left

c) Centered d) Justify

48. Conditional Formatting means:

a) Format that Excel automatically applies to cells if a specified condition is true.

b) Format that Excel automatically applies to cells if a specified condition is False.

c) Format that Excel manually applies to cells if a specified condition is true.

d) Format that Excel automatically applies to cells if their values greater than 0.

49. Cell E2 (=B2+D2). If you copy E2 to E3, then E3 is given by:

a) =B3+D3 b) =C2+E2

c) =B2+D3 d) No result

50. The formula that computes the total in of Cells B3,B4, and B5 is:

a) =B3+B4+B5 b) =SUMMARY (B3:B5)

c) =(B3+B4+B5)/3 d) =TOTAL (B3:B5)

51. The formula that computes the average in of Cells B3,B4, and B5 is:

a) =Median (B3:B5) b) =(B3+B4+B5)/3

c) =Mode(B3+B4+B5) d) =(B3+B4+B5)/12

52. You can use the Auto fill feature to:

a) Easy print a report b) Easy copy formulas

c) Easy delete numbers d) Easy fill data in regular way

53. The answer of the following formula "=IF(C3>40;TRUE;FALSE)" is (Assume C3=29):

a) FALSE b) TRUE

c) 40 d) Wrong formula

54. The answer of the following formula "=IF(B3>75;GOOD;IF(B3>50;FAIR;FAIL))" is (AssumeB3=70):

a) GOOD b) FAIR

c) FAIL d) Wrong formula

55. The answer of the following formula "=AND(B3>50;C3>50;D3>50;E3>50)" is (assume

B3=C3=D3=E3=49):

a) TRUE b) FALSE

c) 50 d) Wrong formula

56. What does the error #DIV/0! Mean?

e) That a formula is divided by the letter O.

f) That a formula is divided by zero.

g) That a number value is too wide to display within the cell.

h) None of the above.

57. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the method that can be used to calculate A1 knowing that A3=30 & A2=20:

e) The Solver f) Goal Seek g) The Data table h) All are false

58. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the method that can be used to calculate A1 & A2 values knowing that A3=30:

d) The Data table e) The Solver f) Goal Seek d) All are false

59. A3 = A1*2+A2/3. What is the simplest method that can be used to calculate A3 values knowing that A1

takes 10,20,30 values and A2 takes 15,30,45 values:

d) The Solver e) The Data table f) Goal Seek d) All are false

60. You want to open a travel agency and you need $12000. You want to take a loan from bank with the

following data: 1) The interest per year = 12%; 2) Maximum Loan period = 1 year; PMT equal nearly

$100. Then the rate per month RATE and the equivalent NPER will equal to:

RATE=12% & NPER=12

RATE=1% & NPER=12

RATE=24% & NPER=24

RATE=6% & NPER=6.


153

TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:


62. Section is a set of sentences that finish with point.

63. Word Count is a Word feature and it can be used to count only how many pictures in the document.

64. Repeat command is not a Word command like Redo and Undo commands.

65. With Word you cannot Create Text Box and any object like Paint image.

66. Footnote is a note related to a certain text and it is placed near the text and not in the footer of the page.

67. A table of contents is a reference to an item that appears in another location in a document - for example,

"See Figure 1 on page 3."

68. You can create a cross-reference based on a document’s heading styles (Heading1, Heading2, ...).

69. A bookmark in Word links you to any external file.


71. When you press <Enter> to start a new paragraph, the new paragraph is not formatted exactly like the

paragraph before it.



74. A template is a document that contains the text and formatting options that you can use again and again

when creating new documents. 75. You can change the brightness, contrast, and crop a picture in Word program.

76. Revisions, versions and comments have different role in Word.

PRESS ON THE KEYBOARD A BUTTON TO MOVE THE CURSOR A NEW LOCATION OR SELECT A

SPECIAL TEXT

PRESS TO MOVE/SELECT





TO SELECT THIS TEXT BY MOUSE DO THIS COMMAND.



82. Sentence Triple click anywhere in the sentence




USE THE FOLLOWING KEYBOARD COMMAND TO DO THIS ACTION.


87. Ctrl + V Paste text

88. Ctrl + X Cut text

89. Ctrl + A Select All words that begins with A

90. Ctrl + S Size the document

91. Ctrl + Z Zoom the View

92. Ctrl + F Find the grammar error

93. Enter Insert a break page

94. Ctrl + Enter New paragraph

95. Shift + Enter Decrease Font Size Relatively

96. Ctrl + [ Force new lines without starting a new paragraph

97. Alt + F4 Open Word program or any program

ABOUT EXCEL

98. Word is used for Statistics & Accounting computation & Analyzing data and drawing charts.

99. Excel is a Windows accessories.

100. Excel is used for writing reports & publishing data.


154

EXPLAIN BRIEFLY (5 to 10 WORDS MAXIMUM) THE FOLLOWING TERMS:

101. Hardware accessories

102. Software accessories

103. Computer hardware

104. Computer Software

105. Paint Program

106. Word Program

107. PowerPoint Program

108. Calculator Program


155

EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING EXCEL FUNCTION BY GIVING BRIEF DEFINITION AND EXAMPLES:

FUNCTION Your answer

109. SUM

110. OR

111. COUNTIF

112. RAND

113. ROUNDUP

114. SUMPRODUCT


156

115. TODAY

116. COUNTBLANK

117. MEDIAN

118. STDEV

119. LOOKUP

120. PMT


157

Full Exam2

READ CAREFULLY THIS EXAM, AND THEN FILL THE FOLLOWING

TABLE BY TYPING TRUE OR FALSE:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90


158

V) READ EACH SENTENCE ABOUT MICROSOFT WORD

1.


tools to create a variety of professional-looking documents. Microsoft Word is the most

widely used and, the most powerful and user-friendly word-processor programs

available.

2.

Word automatically checks your spelling and grammar. It gives you the possibility to

create your own templates and styles. It even lets you insert charts, tables, and pictures

into your documents.

3. Word doesn’t give you the drawing commands to draw your own pictures.

4. With Word you can work with WordArt & AutoShapes. You can create Mail Merge,

Web Page and you can work with Forms.

5. You can know about revisions, comments and versions. You can learn how you can

work with long documents.

6. The Character may be a letter, number, symbol, or a space in Word Program.

7. Each Word in Word Program is a set of characters without spacing or is a group of

characters between two spaces.

8. The Paragraph is a set of words that finish with point.


10. Section is a set of paragraphs that finish with a section break.

11. Word Count is a Word feature and it can be used to count only the number of words in

a document.

12. Repeat command is also a Word command like Redo and Undo commands.

13. With Word you can Create Text Box and any object like Paint image.


15. Drop Cap is used to obtain Huge Letter at the beginning of the paragraph.

16. Change case is used to get upper, lower, sentence, toggle, title case.

17. Toggle case means all characters are capitals letters.

18. To create a mail merge you need to create or open two files: a main document and a data

source. The data source file contains the information and records to be inserted in mail

merge. The data source file can be written in Word, Excel, or Access.

19. When you perform a mail merge, you can directly send the results to a printer or to a

new document.

20. Letters is a type of document that you can create using mail merge. While Envelopes is

not a type of document that you can create using mail merge.

21. Comments enable you or other users to add notes to a document so they can make

suggestions, comments, or criticize your work.

22. You can protect a document so that users must enter a password to open and/or modify

the document.

23. Footnote is a note related to a certain text and it is placed in the header of the page that

contains the note. If that text is moved to another page, the note is automatically moved

to that page.

24. A cross-reference is a reference to an item that appears in another location in a

document - for example, "See Figure 1 on page 3."


159

25.

You can create a table of contents based on a document’s heading styles. For example,

paragraphs formatted with the Heading 1 style would be main headings in the table of

contents; paragraph formatted with the Heading 2 style would be sub-headings of the

Heading 1 style, and so on.

26. A bookmark in Word marks your location in a document so that you can quickly find

and jump back to that location.

27. The default tab stops settings for Word are at every 10 inches.

28. Tab stop can be center, left, right, or decimal.

29. Decimal Tab Stop centers the number under the tab without regarding to the

number if it has decimal part or not.

30.

The four special types of indents are First line indent, Hanging. Indent, left indent, and

right indent.

31. The Hanging. Indent controls the all lines of the paragraph except the first line which is

controlled by the first line indent.

32. When you press <Enter> to start a new paragraph, the new paragraph is not formatted

exactly like the paragraph before it.


34. Every document you create in Word is based on a template.


36. A template is a document that contains the text and formatting options that you can use

again and again when creating new documents.

37. Word can sort words alphabetically in a table, but not numerical information.

38. You can change the brightness, contrast, and crop a picture in Word program.

39. WordArt is an independent program and can be used by any Microsoft Office program,

such as Word or Excel. Like this word

40.

Revisions allow you to track and identify any changes made to a document, and accept

or reject the changes.

41. Revisions, versions and comments have the same role.


160

VI) PRESS ON THE KEYBOARD A BUTTON TO MOVE THE CURSOR A NEW

LOCATION OR SELECT A SPECIAL TEXT

PRESS TO MOVE


43. Press Page Up To move One page up

44. Press To move One character Left


46. Press Ctrl + Page Down To move to the Previous Page

47. Press Ctrl + ↑ To move One paragraph Down


49. Press Shift + Page Down To Select to One screen down

50. Press Shift + To Select to One character left


52. Press Ctrl + Shift + Page Up To Select to Next Page

53. Press Ctrl + Shift + ↑ To move One paragraph Down

VII) TO SELECT THIS TEXT BY MOUSE DO THIS COMMAND.



55. Sentence Triple click any where in the sentence



58. One line Position the pointer to the left of the line until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + Double Click

59. Several lines Position the pointer to the left of the first line until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + drag Up or Down

60. Several paragraph

Position the pointer to the left of any paragraph until

it changes to a right-pointing arrow + Double click +

drag Up or Down.

61. Large block Click at the beginning of the text; scroll down and

Shift+ Click at the end

62. Entire document Position the pointer to the left of any text until it

changes to a right-pointing arrow + Triple click



161

VIII) USE THE FOLLOWING KEYBOARD COMMAND TO DO THIS ACTION.


65. Ctrl + V Copy text

66. Ctrl + X Copy text

67. Ctrl + A Select All text

68. Ctrl + S Save document

69. Ctrl + N New document

70. Ctrl + O Open document

71. Ctrl + P Print document

72. Ctrl + Z Undo last action

73. Ctrl + Y Redo last action

74. Ctrl + F Find a text

75. Ctrl + H Replace a text

76. Ctrl + B Bold a text

77. Ctrl + U Underline a text

78. F9 Spelling & Grammar

79. F2 Help

80. Enter New paragraph

81. Ctrl + Enter Insert a break page

82. Shift + Enter Force new lines without starting a new paragraph

83. Ctrl + [ Decrease Font Size Relatively

84. Alt + F4 Exit from Word program or any program

85. Ctrl + E Exit from Word program or any program

86. Ctrl + R Right Text

87. Ctrl + L Left Text

88. Ctrl + J Justify Text

89. Ctrl + = Justify Text

90. Ctrl + shift + = Superscript text


162

REFERENCES

[1] H. Chiblè. Learn Using The Computer: Introduction to computers, DOS,

Windows95. Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Lebanese University,

Beirut, Lebanon, 1999.

[2] H. Chiblè. Learn Using The Computer: Introduction to computers, Windows 2000

Professional, Free & Small Programs. Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality

Management, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, 2001.

[3] H. Chiblè. Learn Using The Office: Word/Excel/PowerPoint. First Edition, Faculty

of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, 2003.

[4] H. Chiblè. Windows & office programs book “Computer (1) - INFOL1102 Course -

1st semester - LMD system”. Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management,

Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, September 2009.

[5] H. Chiblè. Windows & office programs. Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality

Management, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, September 2010.

[6] Word 2010 Tutorial, available from http://www.computer-pdf.com/office, accessed

on October 2015.

[7] PowerPoint 2010 Tutorial, available from http://www.computer-pdf.com/office,

accessed on October 2015.

[8] Excel 2010 Tutorial, available from http://www.computer-pdf.com/office, accessed

on October 2015.

[9] Windows 7 Product Guide, available from http://www.microsoft.com/en-

us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=4984, accessed on October 2015.

[10] Microsoft Quick Guides, available from

http://www.wa.gov/esd/training/quickguides.htm, accessed on October 2015.

[11] Custom Guide, available from http://www.customguide.com , accessed on

October 2015.

[12] IT Library, available from http://www.itlibrary.com , accessed on October 2015.

BOOKS/Learm%20Using%20The%20Office%20-%20First%20Edition.doc





http://www.computer-pdf.com/office



http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=4984

http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=4984

http://www.wa.gov/esd/training/quickguides.htm

http://www.customguide.com/

http://www.itlibrary.com/


163

Index

A

Absolute and Relative Cell References, 88 Access, 9, 11, 19, 135, 158 ACCESSORIES, 14, 44 Animation, 74 Applications, 1, 18, 20 APPLICATIONS, 18 Auto Calculate, 89

C

CALCULATOR, 45 CASE, 11 Charts, 85 Click, 29 Click Click, 29 computer, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21,

22, 28, 30, 31, 32, 48, 49, 51, 67, 132, 134, 162 COMPUTER SYSTEM, 21 Computer Speed, 12 Conditional formatting, 88

D

Data Analysis, 90 Data Tables, 90 Databases, 89 DECIMAL SYSTEM, 21 Double Click, 29 Drag, 30 Drawing Commands, 60

E

Excel, 2, 9, 18, 76, 80, 81, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, 104, 105, 109, 120, 125, 131, 135, 136, 139, 141, 142, 145, 149, 151, 152, 153, 158, 159, 162

F

FILE MANAGEMENT, 39 Formatting Commands, 71 Formulas, 85, 91 Functions, 85, 91

G

Gadgets, 39 Goal Seek, 90

H

Hard disk drive, 12 HARDWARE, 10

I

Images, 73 InfoPath, 19 Internet, 2, 9, 19, 20, 90, 133, 145, 149, 151 Internet Explorer, 9, 20, 90

J

Joystick, 15

K

Keyboard, 13, 31, 40, 48, 49, 54, 58, 61, 62, 65 KEYBOARD, 28, 31, 137, 138, 153, 160, 161 Keystroke Combination, 31

L

Lists, 89 Logical Functions, 92

M

Maintenance, 38 Math functions, 95 Microphone, 2, 15, 48 Modem, 11, 16 Monitor, 10, 13, 14, 21, 48 Motherboard, 11, 133, 149 Mouse, 13, 14, 29, 48, 54, 58, 65, 76, 78, 134 Multimedia, 73

N

NOTEPAD, 44

O

OneNote, 19 OPERATING SYSTEMS, 17 Outlook, 19, 20


164

P

PAINT, 46 Personalization, 38 Pivot Tables, 90 PowerPoint, 2, 19, 67, 76, 77, 154, 162 Printers, 2, 14 PROGRAMS, 18 Project, 19, 77, 131 Publisher, 20

R

Right-Click, 30 Right-Drag, 30

S

Scanner, 15, 16 Scenario, 90 SharePoint, 19 Slide Show Commands, 70 SOFTWARE, 17, 18 Solver, 90 Speakers, 2, 15, 16, 48 Storage devices drives, 12

T

Tables Commands, 61 Taskbar, 35 Transitions, 74 Triple Click, 29

U

UPS, 14, 15, 48

V

Visio, 20

W

WINDOWS, 28, 44 Windows Explorer, 33 Word, 2, 9, 18, 20, 41, 52, 53, 54, 58, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 76,

114, 132, 133, 135, 136, 138, 149, 153, 154, 158, 159, 161, 162

WORDPAD, 44 Workbook, 86


165

Author’s Information

Full professor - Faculty of Tourism - Lebanese University

Head of Travel & Tourism Department – Faculty of Tourism

Supervisor Ph.D. Thesis – Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology

Member of the Lebanese University Council 2014-2015 & 2015-2016

Member of the PhD School of Tourism Council from 2014-2015 till now.

Member of the Supreme Committee for the development of curricula and programs

Personal Details

Place of Birth: Koulayle, Tyre (Sour), South of Lebanon.

Date of Birth: June 1, 1969 - Nationality: Lebanese

The Elementary School - National School of Koulayle - in 1980.

The Media School - National School of Koulayle - in 1984.

The High Secondary School - National School of Tyre (Sour) - in 1987.

The Diploma Bachelor degree of Engineering in Electrical Engineering (BAU) - in 1992.

The equipollence between the bachelor degree obtained from Beirut Arab University and the Italian degree

"Laurea" for the entrance to the contest of the Ph.D. doctorate course 17/12/1993.

The Ph.D. degree (Dottorato di Ricerca) in Computers & Microelectronics - University of Genoa (Italy) –

September 25, 1997.

The equipollence of the Ph.D. degree from the Ministry of Higher Education as a Doctorate grade in Lebanon -

18/11/1997.

The Classification of the Ph.D. thesis as first category - Lebanese University - 26/10/2000.

He obtained the associate professor title at Lebanese University in 2003.

He obtained the full professor title at Lebanese University in 2009.

The professor of many courses at the Faculty of Tourism since 1997/1998 until now

The professor (previously) of many courses at the Beirut Arab University - University of Genoa (Italy) - Islamic

University of Lebanon – Modern University.

Supervisor PhD Thesis (Joint supervision of thesis between Lebanese University and Italian Universities).

Regards & Congratulations from the Dean of the Faculty of Tourism in 2001.

Regards & Congratulations from the Dean of the Faculty of Tourism in 2002 & 2005.

Regards & Congratulations from the Dean of the Faculty of Tourism in 2007.

Beirut Arab University Premium 1992 - Honor Tableau.

He attended many courses, workshops, conferences.

He is members of many commissions.

He has many publications in international journals and conferences.

Phone: 01-85 72 85 - Fax: 01-85 72 82

Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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