Computational Mechanics '86 Theory and Applications

Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Mechanics, May 25-29, 1986, Tokyo

Volume 1 Editors: G. Yagawa, S.N. Atluri

Springer Japan KK

Genki Yagawa Department of Nuclear Engineering The University of Tokyo 3-1 , Hongo 7 -chome, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113 Japan

Satya N. Atluri Center for the Advancement of Computational Mechanics School of Civil Engineering Georgia Institute ofTechnology 225, North Avenue Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

ISBN 978-4-431-68044-4 ISBN 978-4-431-68042-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-68042-0

Ali rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

© Springer Japan 1986 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Tokyo 1986 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1986

Preface

It is often said that these days there are too many conferences on general areas of computational mechanics. mechanics. and numer ical methods. vJhile this may be true. the his tory of scientific conferences is itself quite short. According to Abraham Pais (in "Subtle is the Lord ...• " Oxford University Press. 1982. p.80). the first international scientific conference ever held was the Karlsruhe Congress of Chemists. 3-5 September 1860 in Karlsruhe. Germany. There were 127 chemists in attendance. and the participants came from Austria. Belgium. France. Germany. Great Britain. Italy. Mexico. Poland. Russia. Spain. Sweden. and Switzerland. At the top of the agenda of the points to be discussed at this conference was the question: "Shall a difference be made between the expressions molecule and atom?" Pais goes on to note: "The conference did not at once succeed in bringing chemists closer together ... It is possible that the older men were offended by the impetuous behavior and imposing manner of the younger scientists" (see references cited in Pais' book). It may be observed that history. in general. repeats itself. However. at ICCM-86 in Tokyo. roughly 500 participants from both the West and the East were in attendance; there were only scholarly exchanges; the young tried to learn from the more experienced. and a spirit of international academic cooperation prevailed.

In the past 25 years. the field of computational mechanics has steadily emerged as a discipline that is poised to make revolutionary changes to the practice of engineering in developed countries as well as in emerging industrial societies. The field has become vast. encompassing the work of the engineer. the mechanician. the mathematician. the numericist. the computer scientist. the systems analyst. as well as the computer enthusiast. The aim of the present series of Inter­national Conferences on Computational Mechanics (ICCM). planned to be held every 2 years. is to become a forum for discussion and exchange of scholarly research in those areas of computational mechanics which involve and enrich the rational application of mechanics and numerical methods in the practice of modern engineering. The areas of research that are to be discussed include: solid and structural mechanics; constitutive modeling; inelastic and finite deformation response; transient analysis; structural control and optimization. fracture mechanics and structural integrity; computational fluid dynamics; compressible and incompressible flow; aerodynamics; transport phenomena;

6

heat transfer and solidification; electromagnetic field, related solid mechanics and MHO; and modern variational methods in general. It is believed that this diversity of topics will playa crucial role in the cross-fertilization of ideas.

That the above-stated objectives of ICCM were amply met at the first conference, held from 25 to 29 May 1986 at the Science University of Tokyo, is evidenced by the excellent work presented by distinguished scholars from allover the world and documented in these proceedings.

The Editors take great pleasure in expressing their sincere thanks to the members of the Organizing Committee, the International Steering Committee, and the National Organizing Committee of ICCM-86, Tokyo for their help in realizing the objectives of this conference. The Editors also thank their colleagues in many parts of the world who have kindly accepted the invitations to present their work at ICCM-86 and prepare their papers for inclusion in the conference proceedings.

It is the sincere hope of the Editors that the readers of these two volumes will find, recorded here, a kaleidoscopic picture of the state-of-the-art in diverse areas of computational mechanics, its theory, and its application in various parts of the world.

May 1986 Genki Yagawa The University of Tokyo

and

Satya N. Atluri Georgia Institute of Technology

Acknowledgment. The publication of this book is partially supported by the Japan World Exposition Commemorative Fund.

Conference Organization

Organizing Committee

Genki Yagawa, University of Tokyo, Japan (Cochairman)

Satya N. Atluri, Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S.A.

(Cochairman)

H. Abe (Japan); W-H. Chen (Taiwan, China); Y. Seguchi (Japan);

C. Xu (China); Y. Yoshida (Japan); D-C. Zhu (China)

International Steering Committee

P.G. Bergan (Norway); D.E. Beskos (Greece); F. Brezzi (Italy);

C.C. Chamis (U.S.A.); Y.K. Cheung (Hong Kong); C-K. Choi (Korea);

P.G. Ciarlet (France); T.A. Cruse (U.S.A.); M. Geradin (Belgium);

G. Hahn (U.S.A.); I. Herrera (Mexico); J.F. Kalthoff (F.R.G.);

M.F. Kanninen (U.S.A.); P. Karasudhi (Thailand); N.S. Khot

(U.S.A.); A.S. Kobayashi (U.S.A.); R.D. Krieg (U.S.A.);

M. Landahl (Sweden); L.H. Larsson (Italy); S.L. Lee (Singapore);

M. Livolant (France); H.A. Mang (Austria); L. Morino (U.S.A.);

D. Munz (F.R.G.); S. Murakami (Japan); S. Nakagiri(Japan);

K.C. Park (U.S.A.); S.V. Patankar (U.S.A.); T.H.H. Pian (U.S.A.);

Y. Rajapakse (U.S.A.); C.V. Ramakrishnan (India); A. Samuelson

(Sweden); K.N. Seetharamu (India); Yuan Shen (China); E. Stein

(F.R.G.); L-M. Tang (China); R.I. Tanner (Australia); B. Tomkins

(U.K.); K. Vinzens (F.R.G.)

National Committee

T. Aizawa; Y. Hangai; M. Kawahara; M. Kikuchi; K. Kondo;

K. Miya; T. Miyoshi; H. Murakawa; T. Nishioka; H. Ohtsubo;

M. Shiratori; H. Takeda; M. Tanaka; Y. Toi; o. Watanabe;

T. Watanabe; Y. Yokouchi

8

Sponsor

Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME)

In cooperation with:

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM)

Atomic Energy Society of Japan (AESJ)

Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ)

Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan (IEEJ)

Japan Institute of Metals (JIM)

Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (JSASS)

Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)

Society of Materials Science, Japan (JSMS)

Japan Society of Precision Machinery (JSPM)

Society of Steel Construction of Japan (JSSC)

Japan Society for Simulation Technology (JSST)

Society of Naval Architects of Japan (SNAJ)

Table of Contents: Volume 1

Chapter I Plates and Shells

Some Problems of Shearing and Twisting of Shallow Spherical Shells (E. Reissner)

Formulation of Reissner-Mindlin Moderately-Thick/Thin Plate Bending Elements (D.P. Chen, Y.S. Pan)

Deformations and Stresses in Shallow Spherical and Paraboloidal Domes with Polar Openings under Rotationally Symmetrical Loads (O.A. Fettahlio~lu, A.M. Sayed) . ....................... .

Algorithms for Nonlinear Contact Constraints with Application to Stability Problems of Rods and Shells (P. Wriggers, W. Wagner, E. Stein) ..................... .

A Quadrilateral Membrane Element with Rotational Freedoms (P.G. Bergan, M.K. Nygard) .......................... .

The Finite Element Method of Viscoelastic Large Deformation Plane Problem with Kirchhoff Stress Tensors-Green Strain Tensors Constitutive Relation (Y-P. Shen, Y-H. Chen) .............................. .

A Shape Function Routine for a Thin, Curved Beam Finite Element (L.F. Boswell)

Influence of Element Form on Accuracy in Isoparametric Elements (Y. Wu)

Two Shear Deformable Plate Theories Vis-a-Vis Two Discrete Methods ( T. Kant) ........................................... .

Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Thick Walled Cantilevered Tubes (A.L. Deak)

Numerical Investigation of the Deformation Behavior of Elastic-Plastic Circular Thick-Walled Tubes under External Pressure and Axial Load (Y. Tomita, A. Shindo, Y.S. Kim)

1-3

1-13

I-19

1-33

1-41

I-51

I-57

I-65

I-69

1-77

1-83

10

Practical Method of Analysis of Rectangular Plates with Holes and Complicated Boundary Conditions by the Use of Spline Functions ( R. Zhou, G. He) .................................... .

A Mixed Finite Element Method for Layered Composite Plates (J.E. Akin, Y.W. Kwon)

On the Selection of Stress Parameters for Hybrid/Mixed Finite Elements (T.Y. Chang, A.F. Saleeb)

Quadratic Spline Thick/Thin Plate Triangular Hybrid Elements (S. Yuan)

Reasonable Selection of the Stress Modes in a Hybrid Stress Element ( J. Zhao) ........................................... .

Development of Hierarchal Finite Element Methods at BIAA (D-C. Zhu) .......................................... .

Reduced Integration, Nonconforming Modes, and their Coupling in Finite Elements (C-K. Choi, S-H. Kim) ............................... .

Thick Shell Elements with Optimal Transverse Shear Interpolation (M. Tateishi, J.C. Nagtegaal, S. Nakazawa)

Stiffened and Continuous Annular Sector Plates (I.E. Harik, B.F. Haddad) ........................... .

The Finite Strip-Element Method (H. Wang, J. Zhang) ................................. .

An Optimally Controlled Four-Node Quadrilateral Element for Reissner-Mindlin Plate (L-Y. Tong) ......................................... .

The Recent Advances of MWR for Solid Mechanics in China ( C. Xu) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

A Study of the Isoparametric Timoshenko Beam Element with Reduced Integration (T. Yokoyama, K. Kishida, K. Nakagawa)

Finite Element Models Based on the Method of Weighted Residuals (H.Y. Yang, Z.G. Zhao, L.J. Ni)

On Simple Finite Element Methods for Mindlin Plates (J. Pitkaranta) ..................................... .

Panpenalty Finite Element Method (Y. Gao, K-C. Hwang) ................................ .

Further Discussion of the New Lagrangian and Serendipity Degenerated Shell Elements (H.C. Huang) ........................................ .

1-89

1-95

1-103

I-Ill

1-117

1-123

1-129

1-135

1-143

1-151

1-157

1-163

1-173

1-179

1-187

1-191

1-197

11

Chapter II Solid and Structural Mechanics

On a Combined Stability and Contact Problem Concerning Multi-Lamellae Compression Flanges of I-Beams (Z.S. Chen, H.A. Mang) .............................. .

A Variational Framework for n-th Order Invariant Continuum Mechanics (R. Segev)

The Fo~mulation and Solution of the Governing of Motlon for Three-Dimensional Linear Viscoelastodynamics (P.K. Wong)

Equations

Quasi-Generalized Virtual Work Principle and 3-Kind Variable of Generalized Variational Principle in Elastic Theory (R-S. Tang)

The Buckling Problem of Non-Homogeneous Beam ( S . J. Zhou) ......................................... .

The Exact Solution of Unequal Thickness Plate Problem (C.Z. Li) ........................................... .

Automatic Input of Computer Analysis in the Saw-tooth Transverse Bents (J.K. Zhong)

Computer-Aided Nondestructive Measurements of Plastic Strains from Surface Displacements (T. Mura, B. Cox, Z. Gao) ........................... .

Approximate Modal Coupling of Multi Degree of Freedom Substructures: Primary and Secondary Systems (B. Zastrau) ........................................ .

Aero-Hydroelasticity and Stress of Spacers for Fuel Elements as Structural Anisotropic Domes Composed of Cylindrical Shells (V. Kuzelka) ........................................ .

A Finite Element Model for the Lateral Strength of Railroad Track Structures (J.E. Jackson, Jr., N.R. Bauld, M. Ramesh)

Edge Effect of Hyperbolic Cooling Tower Supported by Column System (W. Lu, R. Shao, Z. Xu) ............................................................

Effect of Structural Twisting on the Optimal Stiffness of Shear Wall in Tall Building (Q. Wang) ........................................... .

A Minimum Principle on Displacements and a Related NLP Formulation for the Elastostatics of Cable Systems (M. Cannarozzi, R. Control .......................... .

An Adaptive Dynamic Relaxation Method for Static Problems (P. Tong) ........................................... .

11-3

II-II

11-17

11-23

11-29

11-33

11-39

11-43

11-49

II-55

11-61

11-67

11-73

11-79

11-89

12

Elastic Analysis of a Cylindrical Storage Tank by the Coupling Method of Boundary and Finite Elements (S. Yoshida, T. Miyoshi) ............................ .

A Semi-Analytical Finite Strip for Continuous Plate Structures (B.W. Golley, M.A. Hamstead)

Use of Off-Set Beam Elements in a Model for Torsional Deflection Analysis of a Grid Structure of Open Cross Sections (N. Toda, N. Yoshimura)

Transient Response of a Bent Boom of Variable Cross Section with Link Joints Subjected to General Transient Loads ( K. Nagaya) ......................................... .

Materially Nonlinear Large Displacement Analysis of Structures Using Reduced Basis Technique (L .R. Savic) ........................................ .

The Limit Analysis of Spatial Frames (T. Chen, W. Shen) .................................. .

Indentation of a Plane Membrane with a Rigid Paraboloid (W.W. Feng) ......................................... .

Finite Element Modelling of Dynamic Contact Application for Blade Root Damping Estimation (C.V. Ramakrishnan, M.A.W. Usmani)

An Extended Penalty Function Method and its Application to a Virtual Work Principle for Impact Contact of Two Bodies (N. Asano, K. Funatsu)

Contact Forces and Stresses in Cables (C-H. Chien, G.A. Costello, L-C. Chang)

On Numerical Methods in Three-Dimensional Theory of Deformable Bodies Stability (A.N. Guz) .......................................... .

A Finite Element Approach for Repeated Elastic-Plastic Rolling Contact (V. Bhargava, G.T. Hahn, C. Rubin)

A Variational Approach to Plates on Elastic Foundations (N.S.V. Kameswara Rao) .............................. .

Numerical Treatment of Singularities in Elastic Contact Problems and Applications (V.I. Fabrikant, T.S. Sankar)

Finite Element Analysis of Beams on Two-Parameter Tensionless Foundations (Z. Feng) ........................................... .

The Finite Element Analysis of the Contact Problem in Bearing (R. Yu, Y. Liu)

II-103

II-109

II-lIS

II-12l

II-127

II-l33

II-139

II -14 7

II-ISS

II-16l

II-169

II-177

II-187

II-19S

II-20S

II-211

13

Chapter III Nonlinear Structural Problems

Plastic Deformation of Inhomogeneous Materials with Elliptic Inclusions (T. Abe, S. Nagaki, N. Nagayama) .............•.•.....

A New Analytical Model of Necking Phenomenon (Z-B. Kuang, N. Su, Z-H. Li) •..............•.•....•..

The Plastic Strain Modes and their Application in Elasto-Plastic Analysis (D. Zhu) .•.....................................•....•

A Finite Element Analysis of the Punch Press Forming of Thin Elastic-Plastic Plates ( E. Nakamachi) .................•.................•...

FE-Modelling of Continuous Casting Problem (P. Koikkalainen, E. Laitinen, S. Louhenkilpi, P. Neittaanmaki, L. Holappa) ....................•....

On the Relations between the 'Flow' and 'Solid' Approaches in the Metal Forming Process (W-C. Zhang) ........................................ .

Thin Extensional Beams under Large Deformations: Variational Principles, Global Bounds, Stability (H. Bufler, R. Lautenbach, H. Schneider) ...•......•..

Some Considerations on Variational Principle for Elastic Rods with Finite Rotations in Space (M. Iura) ........................................... .

A Practical Large Displacements In-Plane Analysis of Elastic Beams (K.M. Hsiao, F.Y. Hou)

Large Deflection Analysis of Elastoplastic Bending (Z.E. Ma) ........................................... .

Finite Deformation of a Bar Bent through Finite Circular Supports (B.W. Golley) ....................................... .

A Recurrence Formula for Viscoelastic Constitutive Equations (W.W. Feng)

Effect of Elastic Strains in Steady-State Elasto Visco-Plastic Flow (Y. Shimazaki, T. Shiojima)

An Approach to the Numerical Analysis of a Generalized Plane Elastica (Z.E. Ma) .........•................•.......•..........

Large Deflection Geometrically Nonlinear Behaviour of Laterally Loaded Segmental Plates (A.B. Sabir, H.G.V. Avanessian)

III-3

1II-9

III-l7

III-23

III-29

1II-37

III-45

III-53

III-59

III-65

III-71

III-77

1II-83

1II-89

III-97

Large Deflection of Plates Using Charge Simulation Method (J. Raamachandran) ..•............................... 111-103

14

A Finite Element Formulation for Geometrically Non Linear Problems Using a Secant Matrix: Application to 3-D Trusses (E. Onate, J. Oliver, J. Miquel-Canet, B. Suarez) ... III-109

The Relationship between Twist Axis and Effective Torsional Stiffness of a Motorcycle Frame (M. Raines, G.E. Roe, T.E. Thorpe) .................. 111-117

Elatic Buckling of Plates with Reinforced Square Holes (A.B. Sabir, F.Y. Chow) ............................. III-125

Collapse, Progressive Buckling and Fatigue Strength of Cylindrical Tubes in Offshore Structures (T. Nomoto, M. Enosawa) ............................. 111-131

Buckling of Eccentrically Stiffened and Framed Orthotropic Spherical Shells under External Pressure (M. Yamada) ......................................... 111-137

Inelastic Stability Response of Thin Shells (A. Tesar) ......................................... .

Bifurcation and Postbuckling Analysis of Columns with Consideration of Pointwise Elastic-Plastic Deformation History (L. Cheng, W. Yang, K-C. Hwang)

Finite Element Analysis of the Stability of Open Thin-Walled Structure with Diaphragms (X. Yuan, T. Jin, M.X. Liu, L. Li)

Numerical Analyses of Dynamic Contact Buckling Problems Using the Penalty Finite Element Method (Y. Kanto, G. Yagawa) .............................. .

Reissner-Mindlin Plate Element for Large Deflection Problem (Y. Ueda, H. Murakawa, H. Masuda)

Bifurcation and Post-Bifurcation Phenomena of Elastic-Plastic Circular Tubes Subjected to External Shrinking under Plane Strain Condition (Y.S. Kim, Y. Tomita, A. Shindo) ................... .

Contribution to Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Structures with Emphasis on Buckling and Post-Buckling Problems (J. Chroscielewski, R. Schmidt)

Numerical Analysis of Post-Buckling Behavior of Elastic Plastic Arches (T. Ito, K. Kawashima)

Large Deformation and Post-Buckling Analyses of Plane and Space Truss Structures: Simplified Finite Element Analys is Cons ider ing ~·1ember I s Buckling (K. Kondoh, K. Tanaka) ............................. .

Finite Element Analysis of Creep Crack Growth Based on Anisotropic Creep Damage Theory (S. Murakami, M. Kawai, H. Rong)

III-143

III-149

III-155

III-161

III-167

III-173

III-179

III-185

III-191

III-197

15

Computer Simulation of Deformation and Fracture of Small Metal Crystals (M. Doyama, R. Yamamoto)

Computational Method of Continuous Dislocations Model (T. Shioya, K. Fuj imoto) ........................... .

The Statistical Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Spherical Tank Failure Probability ( Z. Zhou, X. Lu) ................................... .

Modelling of Fracture Processes Occurring in the Focal Zone of a Tectonic Earthquake (A.S. Bykovtsev) ................................... .

Chapter IV Material Modeling and Analysis

Mechanical Sublayer Model for Elastic-Plastic Analyses (T.H.H. Pian) ...................................... .

Coupling between Temperature, Stress and Metallic Structures during Phase Transformation and the Analysis of Carburized Quenching of a Steel Gear (T. Inoue, Z. G. Wang) .............................. .

III-203

III-209

1II-215

III-221

IV-3

IV-ll

Time Integration of Stiff Inelastic Constitutive Equations (F.G. Kollmann) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. IV-17

Analytical Representation for the Cyclic Stress-Strain Hysteresis Loops of Type 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel (Y. vJada, K. Iwata, K. Aoto, Y. Kawakami) .......... . IV-25

Elastic-Plastic Constitutive Equation Using Curvilinear Coordinates and its Application Methods

Non-Orthogonal in Numerical

(X. Ren)

A Method to Estimate Isothermal Creep under Arbitrary Uniaxial Stress-Reversals (M. Partl, A. Rosli) ............................... .

On the Elastic-Plastic Constitutive Equations in Incremental Form (M. Gotoh) ......................................... .

Constitutive Modeling of Cyclic Plasticity Considering Induced Anisotropy (H. Ishikawa, K. Sasaki)

Finite Element Formulation for an Elasto-Viscoplastic Anisotropic Strain Hardening Material (C.F. Yen, K.F. Wang, S.H. Kuo) .................... .

Elastoplastic Constitutive Model with a Subloading Surface (K. Hashiguchi)

IV-31

IV-39

IV-45

IV-51

IV-57

IV-65

An Integral Representation for Plastic Strain of an Elastic-Plastic Solid ( S. Ogawa) ......................................... .

Jet Locality as Implied by Body Self-Determinism and Continuity (R. Segev, A. Ailon)

The Variations of Flow Stress and Coercivity of Dual Phase Steel during the Reverse Flow (M.T. Ma, Z.B. Sun) ................................ .

An Iterative Method for Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis (T. Miyoshi, K. Kaminishi, S. Kawano, S. Shimizu)

Constitutive Modeling under High Temperature and High Strain Rate Loading Conditions (A.M. Rajendran, S.J. Bless) ....................... .

Elaboration of a Constitutive Model of Cyclic Plasticity under Non-Proportional Loading (E. Tanaka, S. Murakami, M. Ooka)

Computer-Aided Systematic Formulation of Inelastic Constitutive Equations of Polycrystalline Metals ( M. Tokuda, K. Yamada) ............................. .

Finite Element Analysis for Shape Memory Alloy (E. Tachibana, M. Nishikawa, K. Watanabe) .......... .

The Prediction of Transient Responses of Spinal Motion Segments Using Finite Elements Based on Porous Medium Theory (J.S.S. Wu, J.C. Huang, T.M. Lee, B.R. Simon)

Axial Cyclic Hardening Behavior of Metallic Materials under a Constant Shear Stress (M-C. Yip, C. Yu) .................................. .

Constitutive Equations of Arterial and Ventricular Wall Tissues Based on Pressure-Volume Relations (H. Abe) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

On the Simulation of Respiratory Dynamics (Y. Seguchi, Y.C. Fung, H. Nagatani) ............... .

An Analysis of Refractive Surgery by the Finite Element Method (M. Bercovier, K. Hanna, F. Jourve)

Constitutive Law of the Arterial Wall and Stress Distribution (K. Takamizawa, K. Hayashi)

Analysis of Fibre Reinforced Composite Structures Using Finite Element Method

IV-71

IV-77

IV-83

IV-89

IV-9S

IV-IOI

IV-I07

IV-113

IV-119

IV-12S

IV-13I

IV-137

IV-143

IV-149

(K.P. Rao) .......................................... IV-ISS

Stability Analysis of Composite Plates (O.O. Ochoa, F. Kozma, J.J. Engblom)

Stress Analysis of FRP Bonded Structure and its Considerations (J. Oda, M. Ushiroji)

IV-161

IV-167

Microscopic Stress Analysis by 3-D FEM of Twill Woven Fabric Composites (T. Yoshino, T. Ohtsuka)

On Load Capability of Complicated Composite Laminated Structure (C. Guan, H. Chen)

Mathematical Software for Experimental Methods of Ceramics Investigations (G.A. Gogotsi, Y.L. Groushevsky)

Transient Response of Cross-and-Angle-Plied Composite Plates due to Transverse Loading (J.J. Engblom, N.P. Fox, 0.0. Ochoa)

On Some Approaches to Numerical Solution of Linear and Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems of the Theory of Layered Anisotropic Shells (Y .M. Grigorenko) .................................. .

Computational Simulation of Progressive Fracture in Fiber Composites (C.C. Chamis)

Mixed Variational Formulations of Various Theories of Laminated Composite Plates (J .N. Reddy) ....................................... .

NDE of FRP Composites Using Acousto-Ultrasonic Technique (V.K. Srivastava)

Calculation of Stress Intensity Factor for Orthotropic Composite Specimen by FEM (T.H. Mao) ......................................... .

Interlaminar Stresses Analysis in Symmetric Composite Laminates under Bending (L.Ye, B-X. Yang) .................................. .

Analysis and Calcuation of Stresses and Displacements in Layered Elastic Systems (K. Wang) .......................................... .

An Endochronic Model for Concrete with Intrinsic Time (K. Vajarasathira, M. Yener) ....................... .

Verification of Plasticity Based Models for Concrete (K. Vajarasathira, M. Yener) ....................... .

A Constitutive Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior of a Reinforced Pier Involving Nonlocal Interactions ( A .0. Erdem) ....................................... .

A Two-Surface Plastic Model for Concrete and Geomaterials (J.C. Chern, F.B. Lin, A.H. Marchertas)

Finite Element Analysis of Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Walls (A. Mihanovic, B. Jaramaz, F. Damjanic)

Strength Criteria for Concrete (C.L.D. Huang, L. Cui) ............................. .

IV-173

IV-179

IV-185

IV-19l

IV-l97

IV-203

IV-213

IV-225

IV-23l

IV-237

IV-243

IV-249

IV-255

IV-261

IV-267

IV-273

IV-279

18

Structural Evaluation of Cold-Formed Sheet Steel Concrete Reinforcement Using Finite Elements and Tests (F.A. Thulin, Jr., J.D. Brock) ...................... IV-285

Non-Linear Rheological Model of Concrete (J. Szarlinski, J. Krok, Z. Kordecki)

Deep R/C Beams Subjected to Cyclic Loading

IV-293

(M. Yener, K. Vajarasathira) ........................ IV-299

Chapter V Fracture MechanicL

Fracture Process Zone Models for Concrete and Ceramics (A.S. Kobayashi, J.J. Du) ......................... .

The C-Integral: A Path Independent Integral for Computing Singularity Participation at a Butt Joint (M. Okajima, G.B. Sinclair) ....................... .

A Hybrid Finite Element Algorithm by Virtual Work Principle and its Application in Fracture Mechanics (J.Y. Zhang, T.R. Hsu) ............................ .

A Method of Solving Stress Intensity Factors of the Bent Crack in Three Points Bend Specimens (W. Hong, C. Wang) ................................ .

The Calculation and Analyses of the Influence of Compression Loads for Fatigue Crack Propagation (J-X. Nie, S.Li) ................................... .

Analytical Solution on the 3D Stress Concentration Problem of a Plate with a Circular Hole under Uniform Tension at Infinity (T. Kawai, T. Endoh) .............................. .

Analysis of Stress Intensity Factors for Surface Cracks Subjected to Arbitrarily Distributed Stresses (M. Shiratori, T. Miyoshi) ........................ .

Three Dimensional Stress Distribution and Fracture Mechanics of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Laminates (K. Kageyama, M. Kikuchi, T. Kobayashi, T. Nishio)

Conical Crack Problem in Semi-Infinite Media with Stress-Free Boundary Conditions (O.S. Yahsi, L. Parnas) ............................ .

The Generation of Crack-Tip Element Using Iteration Method (C.G. Go, M.S. Wu)

Analyses of Stress Intensity Factor for Three-Dimensional Cracked Body by the Variational Method (S. Wu, X. Zhang, Q. He)

V-3

V-ll

V-17

V-25

V-3I

V-37

V-43

V-49

V-57

V-63

V-67

19

Finite Element Analysis of Surface Cracks by the Supercomputer (T. Miyoshi, M. Shiratori, Y. Yoshida)

Finite Element Analysis of Transient Thermoelastic Fracture Problems (W-H. Chen, K. Ting)

Proportional Extrapolation Techniques for Stress Intensity Factors for Axisymmetric Bodies (Y. Itoh, S. Nakamura, T. Kako)

Determining Cracked

On a Conventional Stress Intensity Factor Calculation Technique of Surface Cracks (M. Asano, K. Suzuki, J. Fukakura, H. Kashiwaya)

Stress Intensity Factors Using Simple Strain-Based Finite Elements (B.B. Sabir)

On the Improvement of the Boundary Element Analysis for the Crack Problems (H. Kisu, R. Yuuki, T. Matsumoto)

Stress Intensity Factor for Cracks in Pressure Vessels with Optimum Cracks Number ( M . Y. Ra jab) ....................................... .

On Three Dimensional Generalized J-Integral (X. Zhang, K. Xia) ................................. .

Some Consideration on Mechanism of Ductile Fracture: Behavior of CT-specimen near J=J rc (H. Miyamoto, M. Kikuchi, H. Yabu, A. Fujii, H. Okada) .......................................... .

Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Stress and Strain Concentration by the Combination of Body Force Method and Finite Element Method (Y. Murakami, Y. Uchiyama)

Evaluation of Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics Parameter at Elevated Temperature by Finite Element Analysis (T. Shimakawa, Y. Takahashi, K. Kitao, Y. Sato, Y. Wada, A. Yoshitake, M. Kitagawa, Y. Asada)

Elasto-Plastic Problem for a Cracked Plate ( A . V. Bo iko ) ....................................... .

Finite Element Computation of J and T for Cracks in Elasto-Plastic Materials (P. Jamet, T. Charras, A. Combescure)

Finite Element Analysis of Crack-Tip Opening: A Simulation of Vertex Blunting (H. Kitagawa, S. Komeda) ..................•.........

The Analysis of Thermal Stress Crack Problem in Bi-Material Bodies Using the J-Integral (S . I. Chou, M.A. Baeder) ........................... .

V-73

V-79

V-87

V-93

V-99

V-I07

V-I13

V-117

V-123

V-129

V-13S

V-14I

V-147

V-IS7

V-163

20

Analyses of Elastic-Plastic and Creep Crack Parameters by the Crack Model Considering the Discontinuity in the Cracked Plane (K. Watanabe, H. Azegami, Y. Sato)

Numerical Analysis of Crack Tip Blunting in a Ductile Material under Small-Scale Yielding Subjected to Mixed Mode Loading (M. Saka, S. Tanaka, H. Abe)

Surface Crack Modeling with the Boundary Element Method (T.A. Cruse, E.Z. Ploch, S. Raveendra) ............. .

Theoretical Analysis of Fracture Criterion for Stainless Steel Pipe with Circumferential Through-Wall Crack (K. Kashima, Y. Takahashi) ......................... .

Elastic-Plastic Failure Analysis for a Rotor Disk with a Surface Crack (S. Kanno, S. Sakata, T. Shimizu)

Analyses of Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics Parameters of Through-Wall Cracked Piping (T. Watanabe, S. Ueda, K. Tagata, G. Yagawa, S. Miyazono, N. Miyazaki) .......................... .

The Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics Analysis for Surface Cracked Spherical Pressure Vessel (N. Jie) ........................................... .

Analysis of Mixed-Mode Crack Propagation Using the Boundary Integral Method (A. Mendelson, L. Ghosn)

Singularity Fields of Stress and Strain near Crack Tip for Combined Mode Crack (T-C. Wang) ........................................ .

The Calculation of Mixed Mode Stress Intensity Factors for Reissner's Plate Using Hybrid Method (Y. Li, C. Liu) .................................... .

Computational Crack Path Prediction Applied to Crack Arrestability by a Circular Hole (Y. Sumi) .......................................... .

The Effect of Inclined Crack Tip Shapes on the Stress Fields in Flat Plates (M-L. Du, G-C. Li)

The Calculation of Kr and Krr for a Cracked Body Subjected to Composed Loads by Boundary Collocation Method (P. Hao)

Computing and Testing for Mixed Mode Thresholds on Bending Specimens (D. Lin, Q. Yang, H. Li)

Mixed Mode Stress Intensity Factor Solutions for Offshore Structual Tubular Joints by Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis (H.C. Rhee, M.M. Salama)

V-169

V-175

V-18I

V-193

V-199

V-205

V-213

V-2I9

V-227

V-235

V-24I

V-247

V-253

V-259

V-265

21

Computational Studies on New Types of Path Independent Integral in Dynamic Fracture Mechanics (T. Nishioka, S.N. Atluri) ......................... .

Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor of Rapidly Propagating Crack Using J-integral (S. Aoki, K. Kishimoto, M. Sakata) ................. .

Dynamic Fracture Analysis of HSST Crack Run-Arrest Experiments with Nonisothermal Wide Plates (B.R. Bass, C.E. Pugh, D.J. Naus) ... ~ ............... .

Development of a Method to Measure Dynamic J Integral in Elasto-Plastic Materials (H. Homma) ......................................... .

Energy Dissipation in Finite Element Modelling of Dynamic Mixed-Mode Crack Propagation (S. Valliappan, V. Murti) .......................... .

A Numerical Investigation of Unsteady Crack Growth in Power-Hardening Materials ( Y. Da i, K - C. Hwa n g ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Dynamic Collapse Analysis for Pressurized Pipes Containing Axial Through-Wall Cracks (N. Chiba, K. Hasegawa, T. Shimizu)

The Development of Fracture Mechanics Numerical Methods in the USSR (V.Z. Parton, V.G. Boriskovsky)

Approximate Calculation of Cracked Structure Vibration for the Assessment of the Influence on Human Beings (B. Zastrau) ....................................... .

Simulation of Crack Extension by Method of Physical Discretization and Comparison with Experiment (A. Machova, J. Zemankova) ......................... .

Electric Potential CT Method Based on BEM Inverse Analyses for Measurement of Three-Dimensional Cracks (S. Kubo, T. Sakagami, K. Ohj i ) .................... .

Energy Release Rates for the Propagating Crack and the Surrounding Damage (M.H. Bessendorf, A. Astrouski)

A New Model for Fatigue and the Carbon/Epoxy (J .R. Lee, F.X.

the Cumulative Damage (CD) in the Fatigue-Creep with Unnotched (2:.45° )25

de Charentenay)

A Two-Dimensional Model for Crack Closure in Bending of Plates (S. Viswanath, M.V.V. Murthy, A.V. Krishna Murty, K . P. Ra 0 ) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •••••• :. • • • • • • • • •••••••••••••

On Stable Crack Growth at Large Scale of Yielding (P. Stahle) ........................................ .

A Rapid Experimental Method for the Fatigue Crack Growth Threshold (D. Lin, Q. Yang, H. Li)

V-273

V-279

V-285

V-29l

V-297

V-305

V-3l3

V-3l9

V-327

V-333

V-339

V-345

V-35l

V-357

V-365

V-371

22

The Crack Propagation and Life Estimation of Turbine Disk (Q. Hong)

A New Endochronic Elasto-Plasticity Approach for Fatigue Crack Growth (0. Watanabe, S.N. Atluri)

Finite Element Analysis of a Cyclically Loaded Notched Bar Using Constitutive Models Based on the Cyclic Nonhardening Region (M. Satra, N. Ohno)

Stereofractographic Studies of a Fatigue Crack Propagation in a Low-Carbon Steel (V.A. Stepanenko) .................................. .

Fatigue Analysis of Fixed Offshore Structures Subjected to Random Waves (C.B. Yun, J.S. Ryu)

Fatigue Crack Growth in Commercial Steel (O.G. Bilir, F. Haznedar) .......................... .

Prediction of Crack Constant in Smooth Materials ( R. Yu, L. Cheng) .................................. .

Author Index

V-377

V-387

V-395

V-40l

V-407

V-4l3

V-4l9

Table of Contents: Volume 2

Chapter VI Structural Dynamics

Dynamic Analysis of Elastoplastic Arches Using Small Computers (S.L. Lee, W.A.M. Alwis, S. Swaddiwudhipong, B. Mairantz) ....................................... .

The Longitudinal Harmonic Motion of an Elastic Bar Embedded in an Elastic Half Space (R.K.N.D. Rajapakse, A.H. Shah)

Laterally Loaded Pile Analysis by Traveling Wave Method (M.C. Wang) ....................................... .

On the Mean Response of a Beam to a Randomly Moving Load (K. Sato, S. Yamamoto, O. Kamada, N. Takatsu, I. Yamasaki) ...................................... .

On Vibrations of a Forced Self-Excited Nonlinear System with a Retardation: Subharmonic Vibrations of Order 1/2 (Y. Tsuda, A. Sueoka, Y. Yoshitake, H. Tamura)

Transient Dynamics in Quasistatic Buckling (A.S. Kushner, R.F. Jones, Jr.) .................... .

Elasto/Visco-Plastic Dynamic Response of Moderately Thick Shells of Revolution under Asymmetrical Loading (S. Takezono, K. Tao, H. Uchibori) ................. .

Active Control of Cantilevered Pipes Conveying Fluid ( H. Doki, J. Tan i ) ................................ .

Vibration Analysis of Irregular Plates by the Rayleigh-Ritz Method and Substructures (D-P. Chen, T.S. Chen) ............................. .

The Linear and Non-Linear Dynamic Response of Thin Shells by Spline Collocation on Microcomputer ( C. Xu) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

A Numerical Approach to Axisymmetric Random Vibration of Cylindrical Shells (A.V. Singh) ....................................... .

VI-3

VI-9

VI-15

VI-21

VI-27

VI-33

VI-41

VI-47

VI-53

VI-59

VI-69

24

Free Vibration and Static Analysis of General Plate by Spline Finite Strip (Y.K. Cheung, L.G. Tham, W.Y. Li)

Vibration Analysis of Machining Center (M. Ookuma, A. Nagamatsu) .......................... .

Seismic Analyses of LMFBR Cores (K. Itoh, S. Seino, T. Ishii)

Computational Model to Determine the Influence of Seismic Excitation on the Drop Time of Control Rods in Pressurized Water Reactors (J. Stabel, J.D. Kim, R. Holzer)

Dynamic Analysis of Frame-Shear Wall Structures (D. Zhang) ......................................... .

Beam Analogy for Analysis of Dynamic Response of Floor (W . Y. Zhou) ........................................ .

Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Guyed Towers ( G . V. Surya Kumar, N. V. Raman) ..................... .

Effect of Mass Moment Inertia on a Sagged, Coupled Transmission Line (C.N. Chang) ....................................... .

Some Algorithms to Periodic Solution and the Oscillations of a Pendulum (H. Tamura) ........................................ .

Optimization Analyses for Vehicle Body Vibrations and Radiated Noise (I. Hagiwara, M. Yaoi, T. Fujiwara)

Dynamic Response and Stability of Rigid Frames Subjected to Time-Dependent Axial Forces (C.H. Yu, C.K. Wang) ............................... .

Complements for Tabular Calculation of Natural Frequencies in Torsional Systems ( J -Q. Wu) .......................................... .

Examples for Tabular Calculation of Natural Frequencies in Undamped Vibrating Systems ( J -Q. Wu) .......................................... .

A New Method Calculating Dynamic Characteristics of a Frame (x. Yin, H. Chen)

Adaptive and Hierarchical Analysis of Eigenvalue Problems (0. Friberg, N-E. Wiberg)

D'Alambert Approach to Structures Subjected to Concentrated Loads (M. Zak) ........................................... .

Some Consideration about Dynamic Analysis for Structures (S. Ichihashi, A. Wada) •............................

Forced Motion of Initially Stressed Elastic Solids: Finite Element Methods (Y.D. Kwon, H. Reismann)

VI-7S

VI-81

VI-87

VI-93

VI-99

VI-lOS

VI-llI

VI-ll9

VI-127

VI-133

VI-139

VI-14S

VI-lSI

VI-IS7

VI-163

VI-I7l

VI-179

VI-18S

25

How to Seek for Generalized Functional of Vibration Problem (S.J. Zhou)

Sensitivity Analysis for the Structural Dynamic Computation (Y-L. Liu)

Structural Modelling of Systems through Dynamic Condensation Technique (K.G. Ishtev, P.C. Petrov, Z.P. Bonev, P. Philipov) ....................................... .

Mathematical Programming Formulation of Dynamic Elastoplasticity Analysis Problems (C. Polizzotto, G. Borino) ......................... .

A Data Structure for Three-Dimensional Sliding Interfaces (S.W. Key)

Finite Element Crush Analysis of Axially Compressed Circular Cylindrical Shells (Y. Toi, K. Yuge, T. Kawai)

Nonlinear Finite Element Crash Analysis of a Minivan (A.J. Regan, R. Winter) ............................ .

The Transient Impact Problem between a Thin Elastic Ring and a Rigid Flat Boundary (T.C. Soong, I. Choi) .............................. .

A Damage Estimation Method of Double Hulled Structures in Collision (H. Ito, K. Kondo, N. Yoshimura)

Finite Element Simulation of Cylinder Impact Including the Effects of Friction (N. Yamagata, J. Nagtegaal, S. Nakazawa)

Analysis of Aseismic Design of BWR Building (K. Delinic, P. Zangl) ............................. .

Numerical Analysis of Metallic Structures under Impulsive Loads and Large Displacements (P. Andreuccetti, D. Aquaro, G. Forasassi)

Vibration Isolation of Structures from Surface Waves (D.E. Beskos, I.G. Vardoulakis) .................... .

Comparison of Non-Reflecting Boundaries for Wave Propagation Problems in the Time Domain (T.T. Nakagawa, H. Shiojiri, S. Aoyagi)

Clarification of Mechanism of Elstic Waves Using Graphic Representations (K. Harumi, A. Ohtsuki)

Computer Simulation of Seismic Waves and Clarification of their Mechanism (A. Ohtsuki, K. Harumi)

Propagation of Plastic Wave in a Long Rod with Consideration of Temperature Rise ( H. Date) .......................................... .

VI-191

VI-195

VI-199

VI-205

VI-211

VI-217

VI-223

VI-233

VI-237

VI-243

VI-249

VI-255

VI-263

VI-269

VI-275

VI-283

VI-289

26

Strong Shocks in Nonlinear Elasticity (M. Elzanowski, M. Epstein) ........................ .

Stress Waves in Laterally Loaded Cylindrical Shells (J.F. Carney III, S.T. Choi, S.R. Reid) ............ .

Spectral Analysis of Elastic Waves Backscattered from Two Fluid Filled Cylindrical Cavities (T. Ohyoshi, T. Kamata, K. Miura)

The Displacement Field Produced by the Rectangular Rupture Plane: The Exact Three-Dimensional Solution (A.S. Bykovtsev, D.B. Kramarovsky)

Chapter VII Fluid Dynamics

Propagating

Direct Simulation of High-Reynolds-Number Flows by Finite-Difference Methods c

(H. Takami, K. Kuwahara)

Mathematical Modelling of Three-Dimensional Flow Field in the Mold Region in Continuous Casting Systems (F-L. Zhang, Z. Jiang) ............................. .

Numerical Simulation of Viscoelastic Flow through Sudden Contraction Using Type Dependent Difference Method (J.H. Song, J.Y. Yoo)

Unsteady Forces on an Inclined Thin Elliptic Cylinder (T. Sawada, T. Tanahashi, E. Kanai, T. Ando) ....... .

Numerical Solution of Combined Body Force and Forced Flow Filmwise Condensation (K. Noto, R. Matsumoto)

Zonal Methods for the Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations (L. Fuchs)

Interpolating Matrix Method Applied to Fluid Flows Surrounded by Complex Boundaries (S. Koshizuka, Y. Oka, S. Kondo, Y. Togo)

Adaptive Grid for Internal Flow Computation (W. Shyy) .......................................... .

Computational Towing Tank Experiments by a Finite-Difference Method ( H. Mi Y a t a ) ........................................ .

Numerical Simulation of Transonic Cascade Flows Based on Pot~ntial Equation (H. Nishida, N. Satofuka, T. Tamaki, A. Shimizu)

Effects of Boundary Conditions on Numerical Turbulent Flow around a Two-Dimensional Vehicle by K-£ Model (K. Ki toh, T. Kobayashi, H. Morooka) ............... .

VI-295

VI-301

VI-309

VI-315

VII-3

VII-23

VII-29

VII-35

VII-41

VII-47

VII-53

VII-59

VII-65

VII-71

VII-77

27

Numerical Analysis of Two-Dimensional Compressible Turbulent Flows in a Turbine Stage (Y. Shikano, M. Ikegawa, S. Nakano)

Simulation of Large Incompressible Flows by the Finite Element Method (M. Bercovier, M. Engelman)

A New Finite Element Method for Solving the Unsteady Navier-Stokes Equation (E. Kanai, T. Sawada, T. Tanahashi, T. Ando)

Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Finite Element Method for the Analysis of Free Surface Fluid Flows

VII-83

VII-89

VII-97

(B. Ramaswamy, M. Kawahara) ......................... VII-I03

Conjugate-Gradient Methods Applied to the Finite-Element Approximation of the Navier-Stokes Equations (Y. Eguchi, L. Fuchs)

On Some Mixed Finite Element Methods for the Stokes Problem in R3 (R. Stenberg)

Some Finite Element Formulations for Flow Analysis of Power Law Fluid (N. Miyazaki)

The Time-Dependent Finite Element Method for Calculating Transonic Flowfield in Turbomachinery (F-Y. Zhu, X-H. Zhou) .............................. .

A Numerical Study on Flows around Rectangular Cylinders (Y. Yoshida, T. Nomura) ............................ .

Finite Element Analysis of Wind Flow Using Large-Eddy Simulation (T. Ogawa, T. Suzuki, Y. Seko, A. Yanagisawa)

A Method of Least Spuares Adjustment for Finite Element Calculatiohs of Steady Transonic Flows

VII-I09

VII-llS

VII-121

VII-127

VII-133

VII-139

(C-H. Lee, C. Cai) .................................. VII-14S

Numerical Study of Two-Dimensional Peristaltic Flows by the Finite-Element Method (S. Takabatake, K. Ayukawa, M. Sawa)

Selective Lumping Finite Element Method for the Analysis of Wave Run-Up (N. loki, M. Kawahara) ............................. .

Steady Viscous Incompressible Flow Analysis by a Partial Upwind Finite Element Method (H. Kanayama, K. Toshigami) ........................ .

Dynamics of Aerostatically Lubricated Bearings (G. Lin, T. Aoyama, I. Inasaki) .................... .

A Finite Element Analysis of Hydrodynamic Pressure on Reservoir Structures (J. Radnic, F. Damjanic)

Helmholtz Decomposition and Navier-Stokes Equations (L. Morino, B.K. Bharadvaj, S.P. Del Marco) ........ .

VII-lSI

VII-IS7

VII-163

VII-169

VII-17S

VII-181

28

An Unconditionally Stable Numerical Scheme for Sodium Boiling Calculations (H. Ninokata, A.L. Schor, A. Deguchi) ............... VII-IS7

An Analytical Model for Calculating Dynamics of Sodium/Water Reaction Bubble in an LMFBR Steam Generator and Coupled Transient Response of the Intermediate Heat Transport System (Y.W. Shin, A.H. Wiedermann, C.K. Youngdahl, C.E.Ockert) ....................................... .

Numerical Solutions of the Euler Equations by Multi-Grid and Semi-Implicit Runge-Kutta Methods (H. Shirahata) ..................................... .

A New Time Integration Method for Convection Diffusion Equations (M. Koizumi, K. Sagae, M. Utamura)

Self Actuating Valves: Numerical Techniques and Experimental Test Results (M. Becker, E. Brehm, R. Puzalowski, U. Neumann, U. Simon) .......................................... .

Visualizing Air Motion inside a Cylinder of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine (K. Kaneda, K. Harada, Y. Sato, E. Nakamae)

A Simple Algorithm for Stationary Free Surface Flow Problems

VII-195

VII-20I

VII-207

VII-2I3

VII-2l9

(H. Terasaka, N. Hirata) ............................ VII-225

High-Accuracy Bench Mark Solutions to Natural Convection in a Square Cavity (T. Saitoh, K. Hirose) .............................. VII-23l

Numerical Simulation of Confined Strong Swirling Flow: Part I-Modification of the Turbulent Vorticity Transport Equation (Y.Z. Li, C. Nong)

Numerical Simulation of Confined Strong Swirling Flow: Part II-"Numerical Simulation of the Coaxial Swirling Jets in a Cylindrical Combustion Chamber

VII-237

(Y.Z. Li, C. Nong) .................................. VII-243

Analysis of Moisture Diffusion in Composite Laminates (C-C. Lin, K-M. Yang) ............................... VII-249

Numerical Approach to Added Mass and Damping of a Vibrating Circular Cylinder in a Two-Phase Bubble Fluid (F. Hara, O. Kohgo) ................................. VII-255

Representation of Two-Dimensional Boundary Layers by Discrete Vortices (K. Kamemoto, Y. Kawamata)

The Effect of the Geometry of Bottom Surface Obstacles on the Downstream Flow (L. Vongsarnpigoon, W. Naidnoi)

Simulation of the Filling-UP of a Porous Slab against Gravity (R.M.S. Gama, R. Sampaio)

VII-26l

VII-267

VII-273

29

Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field in a Bath Caused by an Impinging Gas-Jet under Hard-Blown Conditions (Y.Z. Li, P. Gan) ................................... VII-279

Chapter VIII Thermal Problems

Solving Time-Dependent Slow Moving Interface Problems in Heat Transfer Using the CVBEM (T.V. Hromadka II, C.C. Yen) ....................... .

Solidification Analysis in Castings by Boundary Element Method (T. Aizawa, C.P. Hong, T. Umeda)

Numerical Simulation of the Conjugate Heat Transfer Process from a Heated Moving Surface (M.V. Karwe, Y. Jaluria) ............................ .

An Indirect Discrete Method for Three Dimensional Thermal Analysis Using Subregions (J.L. Wearing, C. Patterson, M.A. Sheikh, R.P. Scholfield) ................................... .

Analysis of Stefan Problem by Using the Function of Delta-Sequence (N. Fukuchi)

Simplified 2-Dimensional Thermal Analysis Method Considering 3-Dimensional Heat Transfer (N. Kasahara, K. Iwata) ............................ .

Time Accurate Temperature History Due to Moving Source of Heat: A Two Dimensional Case (A. Ramaraju, A.G. Marathe, S.K. Biswas)

A Study on the Reduction of Computing Time of the Monte Carlo Method Applied to the Radiative Heat Transfer with Variable Properties (M. Kobiyama) ...................................... .

A Numerical Solution for Heat and Mass Transfer in a Porous Concrete Slab (C.L.D. Huang, P.L. Miller)

A Study of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer During Coal Devolatilization (J.T. Yang, J.L. Chen, G.G. Wang)

Onset of the Thermal Convection in a Porous Medium with Rotation (J.J. Jong, S.L. Jiann)

Numerical Analysis of the Directed Heat Diffusion in a Nonlinear Anisotropic Medium (S.N. Dimova-Borshukova) ........................... .

Sensitivity Analysis in Thermal Problems ( K. Dems) .......................................... .

VIII-3

VIII-13

VIII-19

VIII-25

VIII-33

VIII-39

VIII-45

VIII-51

VIII-57

VIII-63

VIII-71

VIII-77

VIII-B3

30

Modelling of Heat Exchangers Using Finite Element Method (K.N. Seetharamu)

Thermal and Stress Analysis of a Fusion Reactor First Wall with Non-Circular Coolant Channels (M. Seki, T. Takeda, H. Kawamura, H. Hashizume,

VIII-89

K. Miya) ............................................ VIII-97

Analysis of Temperature and Elastic-Viscoplastic Stresses during Continuous Casting Process (Z.G. Wang, T. Inoue) .............................. VIII-I03

Analysis and Computation of Temperature Field and Thermal Deformation on the Column of Vertical Lathe by Finite Element Method (X. Wang, H. Cao, J. Sun)

Development of a Prediction Code for Stirling Combustion Flows (K. Eguchi, S. Fujii, Y. Sugiyama)

Aerodynamic Structure of a Flat Plate Laminar Boundary Layer with Diffusion Flame

VIII-I09

VIII-123

(T. Ueda, M. Mizomoto) ............................. VIII-129

Three Dimensional Analysis of the Explosions of Quiescent and Laminar Swirling Mixtures in Cylindrical Vessels (Y. Tanaka, Y. Hamamoto, E. Tomita)

An Investigation on the Optimum Size for Flame Propagation of Monodisperse Tetralin-Air Sprays ( K . K. Chan, C. S. J ou ) ............................. .

Computational Techniques for Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Problems (S.V. Patankar)

Temperature Distribution of a Heat Conducting Fluid in Laminar Flow of a Multi-Passage Circular Conduit Maintained under Constant Wall Temperature (M.A. Ebadian, H.C. Topakoglu, O.A. Arnas)

Prediction of Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer in a Circular Annulus with Helical Fins

VIII-135

VIII-141

VIII-147

VIII-153

(D.C. Lu, S.J. Jang) ............................... VIII-159

A Variational Principle for Thermally Coupled Flow and its Application to Forced Convective Flow in a Cavity (H. Kamegaya, N. Asano, R. Ishiguro) ............... VIII-165

Compositionally Convective and Morphological Instabilities of a Binary Fluid Layer with Freezing (J.J. Jong) ........................................ VIII-171

Laminar Convection of Heated Fluid Flow in the Annuli of Rotating Cylinders (T.S. Lee) ......................................... VIII-177

A Finite-Difference Method for a Problem of Stationary Free Convection Caused by a Strong Heat Source (J. Slomczynska) ................................... VIII-183

31

Computational Study of Nonboundary Layer External Natural Convection Flows (Y. Jaluria, R. Agarwal) VIII-189

Computation of Three Dimensional Natural Convection in an Irregular Enclosure with Mixed Boundary Conditons (E.K. Glakpe, C.B. Watkins, Jr., B. Kurien) ....... . VIII-195

Analysis of Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer for Two-Dimensional Jet Impingement over Inclined Plates (S. Jayaraj, V.K. Garg) ............................ VIII-201

Chapter IX Coupled-Field Problems

MHD Computations in Tokamak Fusion Research (T. Takeda, T. Tsunematsu, S. Tokuda, G. Kurita, T. Takizuka) ...................................... .

3D Analysis of Iron-Core Stray Field in Fusion Devices (T. Fujita, Z. Yoshida, N. Inoue) ................. .

The Three Dimensional Flow Analysis for Superconducting Electro-Magnetic Thruster Ship: ST-500 (E. Tada, K. Imaichi, M. Simpo, Y. Saji) .......... .

An Analysis of MHD Equilibria of Cylindrical Plasmas Using Boundary Element Method (T. Honma, M. Tsuchimoto, I. Kaji)

Rock Mass Discontinuities and Damage Mechanics (T. Kawamoto, Y. Ichikawa, T. Kyoya) .............. .

Analysis of Discontinuous Rock Mass Considering the Strain Softening (R. Hamajima, M. Kusabuka)

A New Approach to Calculating Initial Ground Stresses from Displacement Measurements (Z.L. Feng) ....................................... .

Deformation Behaviours of Composite Soil with Roots (M. Ueno, H. Izumi) ................................ .

Deformation Analysis of Soil Structures on the Ariake Clay Ground (N. Miura, M. Hyodo)

Steady Response of an Axisymmetric Body to Obliquely Incident Seismic Waves (V. Avaness ian) .................................... .

Evaluations of Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction by Substructure Method (K. Kawano, Y. Yamada)

An Infinite Element Algorithm for Elastodynamic Load Transfer Problems (P. Karasudhi)

Diffraction of SH, P, SV, and Rayleigh Waves by the Alluvial Valley of the Los Angeles Basin (M. Dravinski, T.K. Mossessian) .................... .

IX-3

IX-9

IX-15

IX-2I

IX-27

IX-37

IX-43

IX-49

IX-55

IX-6I

IX-67

IX-73

IX-79

32

A Solution Procedure for Multi-Dimensional Soil Consolidation (Y. Yoshida, T. Nomura, S. Sirivichayakul, T. Ichikawa) ...... ~ ................................ .

Design and Construction Problems of an Earth Dam with the Clay Core in an Area Exposed to Mining Damages (Z. Kordecki, J. Krok, W. Bilinski, J. Szarlinski)

Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Response of Ship Structure to Impulsive Wave Force (H. Ohtsubo, T. Kuroiwa, Y. Yamamoto)

Modal Method for Flow-Induced Free Vibration Analysis (T. Aiz awa ) ....................................... .

Elastoplastic Buckling Analysis by the Finite Element Method (E.G. Carnoy, G. Panosyan)

Finite Element-Substructure Method for Dynamic Analysis of Coupled Fluid-Solid Interaction Problems ( J. Xing) ......................................... .

Chapter X Optimization

Computational Methods for Optimum Design of Large Complex Systems (J.S. Arora, P.B. Thanedar)

A New Approach in Determining the Existence and Non-Existence of Optimal Solution of Vibrating Structures via the Pontryagian Minimum Principle (S.K. Hati, S.S. Rao) .............................. .

IX-85

IX-91

IX-97

IX-I03

IX-I09

IX-117

X-3

X-9

The Zigzag Approach for Optimum Design of Frame Structures (M.Y. Dong, G.C. Zhou) ............................. .

The Stability of the Solution of Structural Optimization Problems (G.J. Yu)

A New and Efficient Generalized Curve-Fitting Unidimensional Search Scheme for Unconstrained Optimization (M.V.C. Rao, K.S. Chandra)

Structure/Control Optimization to Improve the Dynamic Response of Space Structures ( N . S. Khot) ........................................ .

Study on a Tendon Control of Structures (Y. Seguchi, Y. Tada, Y. Inoue) .................... .

Structural Control in CAE System of Gas Turbin Blade (T. Tsuta, K. Mori, T. Isozaki, K. Hamabe, S. Yamaji, T. Tanizawa, K. Take, A. Hoshino, T. Sugimoto, K. Hashimoto, M. Yoshikane) ........................ .

Computational Experience Gained in Structural Optimization under Uncertainty (D.M. Frangopol) ................................... .

X-17

X-23

X-27

X-33

X-39

X-45

X-53

Structural Shape Determination Conditions: An Extended Method Problem (Y. Tada, Y. Seguchi)

33

under Uncertain Loading from Inverse-Variational-

Optimal Design of Brittle Structures with Reliability Constraint (T.Y. Kam)

Buckling Strength Optimization of FRP Laminated Plates by Use of the Hessian Matrix (S. Nakagiri, H. Takabatake) ....................... .

Structural Optimization in Elastic Perfectly Plastic Punch Problem (J. Haslinger, P. Neittaanmaki)

Optimum Shape of Elastic Inclusion in Infinite Elastic Solid under Triaxial Stress Field (K. Yamazaki, J. Oda) .............................. .

A New Method for the Optimum Design of Truss Structures (B.P. Wang) ........................................ .

Optimum Quasi-Rectangular Holes with Minimum SCF in Finite Plates under Uniaxial Loading (N.K. Naik) ........................................ .

Optimum Design of Box Girders (Y.S. Unlusoy, H. Kobak~i)

Optimization of Thin-Walled Beams under Torsional Loadings (C. Szymczak, Z. Matulewicz, A. Kolka)

Optimal Design of Supports and Hinges in Elastic Structures Subjected to Loads and Initial Distortions (A. Garstecki) ..............•.•...........•.........

The Development and Connection of Some Optimal Methods with the View of Machine Tool Structure Optimization Practice (J. Sun, H. Cao)

Interactive Multiobjective Fuzzy Optimization Design of Ship Grillage Structure (G. Zeng, S. Sun) .................................. .

Optimization of Structures and Controls under Seismic Loading (F.Y. Cheng, C.P. Pantelides)

Optimal Control of Multistory Structures ( J - P. Pu) .......................................... .

Control of Earthquake Excited Structures (L. Hadjikov, P. Dineva, J. Ivanova, S. Patarinski)

Control of Dynamical Response of Piping by Using Optimal Visco-Elastic Dampers (K. Delini6, F. Zerrmayr) .......................... .

Optimization of Dynamically Loaded Structures with Random Parameters (S.F. J6zwiak) ......................................

X-59

X-65

X-7l

X-77

X-83

X-9l

X-97

X-103

X-109

X-ll5

X-12l

X-129

X-l35

X-l4l

X-l47

X-l53

X-159

34

Chapter XI Special Techniques for Computational Mechanics

New Trends in Boundary Integral Equations Methods (H.D. Bui) ......................................... .

Some Applications of Boundary Element Method to Geodynamics (S. Kobayashi)

An Integral Equation Approach to Inverse Problems in Structural Mechanics (M. Tanaka, Y. Masuda)

An Alternative Approach to Boundary Element by Series Method (L. Tang, W. Jin)

Some Attractive Applications of Boundary Element Method to Solid Mechanics (N. Kamiya, K. Saito)

The Application of BEM for Non-Homogeneous Materials ( J. Kihara, K. Ishii) ................................. .

BEM by Using Half-Plane Fundamental Solution (T. Sawada, G.W. Ye) ............................... .

Boundary Variational Principles of the Boundary Element Method: Boundary Integral Equations of the Boundary Element Method (X-J.Niu) ......................................... .

Numerical Dissipation Effects in Finite-Volume Euler Solutions for Conical Vortex-Dominated Flows (O.A. Kandil, A. Chuang) ........................... .

Euler Flow Computations of Axisymmetric Mixed Flow Inlet (A.G. Marathe, H.S. Mukunda)

On the Application of Collocation Least Square Method to Static and Dynamic Problems in Structural Mechanics (S.S.F. Ng) ........................................ .

Deterministic Models of Chaos in Mechanical Systems (M. Zak) ........................................... .

A Mixed Method for Analyzing Combined Structures (X-W. Wang, Y-C. Liu) .............................. .

Modeling of An Elastic Mechanical System Using Mean-Axis (O.P. Agrawal, A.A. Shabana)

The Deformation Map as a Means for Investigation of the Behavior of Deformable Nonlinear Bodies ( D. Shilkrut) ...................................... .

Integral Equation Method for Thermal Fluid Flow Problems (N. Tosaka, K. Onishi) ............................. .

The Surface Singularity Method in Complex Plane (M.A. Yiikselen) .................................... .

XI-3

XI-9

XI-15

XI-25

XI-33

XI-39

XI-45

XI-51

XI-57

XI-65

XI-7l

XI-77

XI-85

XI-93

XI-99

XI-103

XI-109

35

Pressure Distribution on the Vane Surface of Radial Compressor Diffusers (S.K. Agrawal, R. Yadav)

Green's Function Method for Viscous Unsteady Free Surface Flows (R. Piva, G. Graziani, L. Morino)

Numerical Study on Mixed Boundary Element Solutions for a Transient Convection-Diffusion Equation (Y. Tanaka, T. Honma, I. Kaji) ..................... .

The Complex Variable Boundary Element Method in Groundwater Contaminant Transport (C.C. Yen, T.V. Hromadka II) ....................... .

Boundary Element Method for Shallow Water Flow Equation (N. Utagawa, N. Kaneko, M. Kawahara) ............... .

Analysis of Stratified Flow by The Complex-Variable Boundary-Element Method (C. Lai) ........................................... .

/ Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Problems in Stochastic Dynamics (R.A. Ibrahim)

The Markov Model for Mechanical Behavior of Particulate Material (R. Kitamura, M. Shinchi)

Statistical Analysis of Buckling Loads in Rotational Thin Shells with Random Geometric Imperfections (A. Mutoh, M. Murata, S. Kato, O. Matsuoka, A. Miyamura) ....................................... .

A Numerical Technique on Structural Analysis of Uncertain Shape Structure by S.FEM ( M. Mor i, O. Uka i ) ................................. .

Random Response of Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Systems by the Stochastic Central Difference Method (C.W.S. To) ........................................ .

Application of Stochastic Finite Element Method to Axisymmetric Problems (X. Lu, Z. Zhou) ................................... .

Chapter XII Advanced Systems for Computational Mechanics

Scaling, Proportioning and Transformation as Numerical Strategies

XI-1l7

XI-123

XI-13I

XI-137

XI-143

XI-149

XI-ISS

XI-16I

XI-167

XI-173

XI-lSI

XI-187

(C.C. Wang) ................... '" ............. ... ... XII-3

A Quantitative Error Estimations for the Finite Element Analysis (H. Takeda) ...................................... , .. XII-II

Sparse Matrix Techniques for Finite Element Method (T. Taniguchi) ..................................... XII-17

36

Finite Elements Software Selection for Computational Mechanics: Three Quantitative Approaches (A.S. Eldin, D.J. Evans) ......................•...•.

Application of the Generalized FD Approach to Stress Evaluation in the FE Solution (J. Krok, J. Orkisz) ............................... .

The Exact Estimation of Middle Sample and the Digital Evaluation of Small Sample through the Up and Down Method (R. Yu, L. Cheng)

XII-23

XII-31

XII-37

Hypermatrix Block Frontal Solver for Banachiewicz-Choleski Algorithm (W. Przybylo, R. Weinar)

Finite Element Mesh Optimization Using Approximate Structural Reanalysis Techniques with Parallel Computing (A. Maeda, K. Kanehiro)

Considerations for Parallelizing Matrix Generations and Solutions in Finite Element Analysis (T. Kato, T. Oyoshi) ............................... .

A New Approach to the Computation of Very Large III Conditioned Bar Systems (W. Przybylo) ...................................... .

The MiPAX Parallel Computer for Computational Mechanics (M. Kishi, T. Kashizaki, K. Fujiwara) .............. .

Experiences of Nonlinear Structural Analysis on a Supercomputer S-810 (N. Chiba, S. Sakata, N. Saito, T. Shimizu) ......................•..................

A Parallel Computation of Second Derivatives of Conformational Energy for Polypeptide Chains on the Parallel Computer MiPAX (H. Hara, K. Kanehiro, N. Go)

Database Oriented Analysis and Simulation System on a Workstation/UNIX (M. Hatakeyama)

Life Term Prediction of Hydropower Steel Structures Based on Knowledge Engineering Techniques (H. Nakamura, S. Matsuura, S. Matsui, T. Terano, Y. Sinohara) ............................ .

Computer-Aided Job-Shop Scheduling and the Development of a Data Base System (N. Roy, D.K. Sengupta)

Artificial Intelligence: The Means for Developing More Effective Structural Optimization Programs (S.F. J6zwiak) ...........•.•.......•........•.......

Relational Databases, Parallel Processing and Minicomputer Array Processor System Algorithms in Computer Aided Engineering (W. Przybylo) ...................................... .

Author Index

XII-43

XII-49

XII-55

XII-61

XII-67

XII-73

XII-79

XII-85

XII-91

XII-97

XII-103

XII-109