Compressed Air Plant Presentation PUO 2014

8/12/2019 Compressed Air Plant Presentation PUO 2014

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ENGINEERING PLANT TECHNOLOGY


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No Name

1

Name :MUHAMMAD FAKHRUDDIN BIN ABDUL MOEN

Id No :01DKM11F2028

2

Name :MUHAMAD FAREEZ BIN BAHARUDDIN

Id No :01DKM11F2033

3

Name :FATEEN FAEZAH BINTI MANSORId No :01DKM11F2031

4

Name :RAJMOGEN A/L RAMAKRISHNAN

Id No :01DKM11F2032

5

Name : MUHAMAD FAIZ BIN AJID

Id No : 01DKM11F2034

6

Name : SHANKAR A/L BALAIZAM

Id No : 01DKM11F2030

GROUP MEMBERS


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Compressed Air => air kept under apressure greater than atmosphericpressure.

Serve many domestic and industrialpurpose.

Use in Pneumatic System.


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Intake Air Filter Prevent dust from entering compressor

Inter-stage Coolers Reduce the temperature of the air before enter the

next stage.

After Coolers To remove the moisture in the air by reducing the

temperature in water-cooled heat exchanger.


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Air-dryers Removes the remaining traces of moisture after

after-cooler using absorbent like silica gel or

refrigerant dryers. Moisture Drain Traps

Remove moisture in compressed air.

Receivers Provide storage and smoothening pulsating air

output.

Reducing pressure variation from compressor.


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Mining Rock drilling and carriage systems

Pneumatic hammer and chisels

Plastic Industry Transport of granulate in pipes

Ejecting work piece from production

Textile Industry Thread detector

Sewing needle and system cooling


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Easily Transported Air is available everywhere

Compressed air can be transported over greatdistance in pipeline

Easily Stored Easy to store compressed air in purpose-built tank

Compressed air bottles can be used at location withno pipe lines (underwater)

Lightweight Pneumatic device lighter than equipment with

electrical power units.

Pneumatic screw drivers and hammers


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Safe To Use Work perfectly when there are great temperature

fluctuation and the temperatures are extreme For operating forge presses and blast furnace doors

Accident Proof Even in areas with risk of fire, explosion and

extreme weather, pneumatic element can be used. Fast Work Medium

The very high flows speeds allow rapid completionof work cycles.

Provide short cut in time and fast conversion energyto work


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Compressor

Dynamic

(Centrifugal)

Positive

Displacement


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compressor a cylinder bore encloses amoving piston.

As the crankshaft of the compressor rotate,the piston moves within the cylinder, similarto the piston in a car engine

the piston is pulled down, the volumeincreases, creating a lower atmospheric

pressure in the piston chamber.


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This difference in pressure causes air to entervia the inlet valve

This difference in pressure causes air to entervia the inlet valve

. As the piston is forced upwards the volumeof air reduces

The air pressure therefore increases.Eventually the pressure forces the outlet valveto open.


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Reciprocating Most widely used

They are characterized by a flow output thatremains nearly constant over a range of discharge

pressures. The compressor capacity is directly proportional to

the speed. The output, however, is a pulsating one.


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Rotary Compressor Rotary compressors have rotors in place of pistons

and give a continuous, pulsation free discharge air

Require smaller foundations, vibrate less, and have

a lower number of parts - which means less failurerate.

4.2.4 Rotor Dynamic Compressor


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Free air delivery refers to harmonizedmeasure of the capacity of an air compressor.To determine the free air delivery of acompressor, the temperature and pressure at

the inlet of the compressor are required inaddition to the pressure and temperature ofthe outlet air along with the volumedischarged.


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Lubrication helps reduce friction betweensliding surfaces to not only improve efficiencyand increase cycling speed of a component,but reduces wear, which ultimately means

longer component life and less maintenance.


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a device which removes contaminants froma compressed air stream.

This can be done using a number of differenttechniques, from using a "media" type thattraps particulates, but allows air to passthrough to a venturi, to a membrane that onlyallows air to pass through.


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Proper compressor control is essential toefficient operation and high performance.

System master controls coordinate all of thefunctions necessary to optimize compressedair as a utility

the ability to monitor and control allcomponents in the system, as well as

trending data, to enhance maintenancefunctions and minimize costs of operation


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allow the removal of condensate from thecompressed air system.

Automatic condensate traps are used toconserve energy by preventing the loss of airthrough open petcocks and valves.

Poorly maintained traps can waste a lot ofcompressed air.


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Both a general purpose pre-filter and an oilfilter and an oil removal filter should beinstalled just downstream of thecompressor aftercooler to remove solid

contaminants, water and oil. A dryer should be installed between the

aftercooler and receiver. Pressure drop between the receiver and the

point of use should be kept at a minimum.The loss should be 3% or less of the linepressure.


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The electric generator is the motor that isused to compress air.

At night, it uses electricity to create amechanical force, and in the daytime

mechanical power is applied to generateelectricity.


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Industry Example Compressed Air UsesFood Dehydration, bottling, controls and actuators,

conveying, spraying coatings, cleaning, vacuumpacking

Textiles Agitating liquids, clamping, conveying,automated equipment, controls and actuators,

loom jet weaving, spinning, texturizing

Apparel Conveying, clamping, tool powering, controlsand actuators, automated equipment

Lumber andWood

Sawing, hoisting, clamping, pressure treatment,controls and actuators

Furniture Air piston powering, tool powering, clamping,spraying, controls and actuators


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Industrial facilities use compressed air for amultitude of operations.

Almost every industrial facility has at leasttwo compressors, and in a medium-sized

plant there may be hundreds of different usesof compressed air.


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A variable-speed drive (VSD) aircompressor is an air compressor that takesadvantage of variable-speeddrive technology. This type of compressor

uses a special drive to control the speed(RPM) of the unit, which in turn saves energycompared to a fixed speed equivalent


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The benefits of this technology includedreducing power cost, reducing power surges

(from starting AC motors), and delivering amore constant pressure. The down side ofthis technology is the heavy expenseassociated with the drive, and the sensitivityof these drives specifically to heat andmoisture.


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Compressed Air Plant Presentation PUO 2014

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