Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives ReportComprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report 10 1.1.2...
Transcript of Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives ReportComprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report 10 1.1.2...
Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report
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What is the objective of the report?
The goal of the Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report is to present a comprehensive
status report on the current and future potential of the castor oil derivatives industry. Written
by professionals who have been observing the industry for many years and who interact
continuously with all the key industry players, the report will assist you to clearly understand
the potential and prospect of the industry.
Answers the most important questions that entrepreneurs, investors and businesses
have regarding castor oil derivatives
Provides critical inputs on the key derivatives and their market potential
Provides useful details on the production methods of the various derivatives.
Lists details and profiles of the prominent companies making key castor oil derivatives
Developed by CastorOil.in, the definitive and most referenced resource for the global
castor oil industry
Who will benefit from this report?
This report will be invaluable to entrepreneurs and industry professionals venturing into
castor oil derivatives and keen on understanding the market structure and potential before
they make their investment decisions.
What are the key questions answered in the report?
This insightful report provides precise inputs for the following questions
What are the various derivatives of castor oil and their applications?
What is the current and future market potential for castor oil derivatives?
Which of the castor oil derivatives are likely to have significant growth in the short
term?
Which are the emerging castor oil derivatives to look out for the medium term?
What is the brief manufacturing process of key castor oil grades and derivatives?
Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report
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What are the main end use markets for castor oil derivatives and what are the
characteristics of these markets?
Which are the prominent companies worldwide for castor oil derivatives?
What is the status of castor oil use in high growth markets such as biopolymers and
cosmetics?
What are the key growth challenges faced by prominent castor oil derivatives?
What are the prominent ventures and partnerships that happened in recent years?
What is exclusive about this report?
This is the only comprehensive report available for castor oil derivatives anywhere in the
world.
Using its unique position as a boutique research firm in castor oil, and also given the fact that
we run the web’s most popular web portal for castor oil ( www.castoroil.in), the CastorOil.in
team has been interacting with a number of castor oil industry participants for many years
now. This list includes manufacturers and processors, castor bean cultivators, castor oil and
castor oil derivative chemicals users, economists, machinery suppliers and trade bodies. Using
this collective intelligence and inputs gained over these years, CastorOil.in has prepared this
comprehensive report.
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List of Contents
Chapter 1 – Castor Oil Derivatives – Introduction & Production
1.1. Production Process for Key Castor Oil Grades and Derivatives
1.1.1. Castor Oil Grades and Derivatives Production - Basics
1.1.2. Castor Oil Derivatives Production – Processes, Reactions & Stages
1.1.3. Properties - Chemical, Physical Properties and Specifications of Castor Oil Grades and
Derivatives
Chapter 2 – Castor Oil Derivatives Market
Insights on current and future demand/supply estimates, consumption and import/export of various
castor oil derivatives
2.1 The Global Castor Oil Derivatives Market
2.1.1 Overall Growth Trends in the Global Castor Oil Derivatives Market
2.1.2 Growth Trends in Terms of:
2.1.2.1 Geography
2.1.2.2 Derivative
2.1.2.3 End Uses
2.2 Supply and Demand of Castor Oil Derivatives
2.2.1 Castor Oil Derivatives Supply Trends
2.2.2 Castor Oil Derivatives Demand Trends
2.2.3 Short & Medium Term Demand-Supply Analysis in Castor Oil Derivatives
2.3 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Industry
India being a near-monopoly for the supply of castor oil, we have a special section dedicated to the
Indian castor oil industry in the context of castor oil derivatives.
2.3.1 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Production – Historical & Current Scenario
2.3.2 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Exports – Historical & Current Scenario
2.3.3 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Imports
2.3.4 Emerging Trends in India for Production of New Castor Oil Derivatives
Chapter 3 – End Uses for Castor Oil Derivatives
3.1 Current End Uses for Castor Oil and Derivatives
3.1.1 End Uses - By Castor Oil Grade / Derivative
3.1.2 Castor Oil & Castor Oil Derivatives Uses - By Industry
3.2 Future Possible End Uses and End User Industries for Castor Oil and Derivatives
3.2.1 Biopolymers and Castor Oil
3.2.2 Cosmetics and Castor Oil
3.2.3 Other Emerging End Uses
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Chapter 4 – Emerging Trends in Applications, Partnerships & Research
4.1 Emerging Trends in End Uses
4.2 Business Partnerships in Castor Oil Derivatives
4.3 Past & Emerging Research in Castor Oil Derivatives
Chapter 5 – Prominent Castor Oil Derivatives Producers
5.1 Producers in Asia
5.2 Producers in Europe
5.3 Producers in North America
5.4 Other Producers and Suppliers
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Chapter Contents
1.1 Production Process for Key Castor Oil Grades and Derivatives
1.1.1 Castor Oil Grades and Derivatives Production - Basics
1.1.2 Castor Oil Derivatives Production – Processes, Reactions & Stages
1.1.3 Properties - Chemical, Physical Properties and Specifications of Castor Oil Grades
and Derivatives
======================SAMPLE CONTENT====================
1. Castor Oil Derivatives – Introduction & Production
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Castor Oil
Main Grades
Commercial, FSG, BSS
First Pressed Degummed
Grade Castor Oil
Refined Castor Oil – Extra Pale
Grade
Castor Oil Pharmaceutical
Grade
Blown Castor Oil
Urethane Grade
Pale Pressed Grade
Generation I Derivatives
Dehydrated Castor Oil
EthoxylatedCastor Oil
Hydrogenated Castor Oil
12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12-
H.S.A)
Sulfonated Castor Oil – Turkey Red
Oil
Generation II Derivatives
Sebacic acid
Heptaldehyde
Undecylenic Acid
Polyols
Ricinoleic Acid
Other Dimer Acids
UndecylenicAldehydes
2-Heptanol
2-Octanol
Generation III Derivatives
Zinc Ricinoleate
Zinc Undecylenate
Methyl 12-HSA
Methyl Ricinoleate
Methyl Undecylenate
Calcium Umndecylenate
Others?
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1.1.1 Key Derivatives of Castor Oil, Starting Material & Methods of
Production
Product Name Starting Product Method of Production Commercial Castor Oil Castor Seed Crushing & Expelling
First pressed Degummed Grade Castor Oil
Commercial Castor Oil Degumming
Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Commercial Castor Oil Bleaching
Refined Castor Oil (Extra Pale Grade)
Commercial Castor Oil Bleaching
Refined Castor Oil (Pale Pressed Grade)
Commercial Castor Oil Neutralization and Bleaching
Neutralized Castor Oil Commercial Castor Oil Neutralization and Bleaching
Refined Castor Oil (DAB-10) Commercial Castor Oil Neutralization and Bleaching
Castor Oil Pharmaceutical (I.P/B.P./U.S.P.)
Commercial Castor Oil Neutralization
Turkey Red Oil Commercial Castor Oil Sulphonation and Neutralization
Blown Castor Oil (10 to 250 Poise)
Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Oxidation
Ricinoleic Acid Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Saponification and Acidification
Methyl Ricinoleate Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Esterification
Hydrogenated Castor Oil (Flakes/Powder/Granules)
Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Hydrogenation
12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12-H.S.A.) (Flakes/Powder/Granules)
Hydrogenated Castor Oil Liquid Saponification and Acidification
Methyl-12-Hydroxy Stearate (Flakes)
Methyl Ricinoleate Hydrogenation
Urethane Modified Castor Oil (UMCO)
Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Urethane Reaction
Glyceryl-Tri-(12-Acetyl Ricinoleate)
Refined Castor Oil (F.S.G./B.S.S.) Acetylation
Dehydrated Castor Oil (Commercial)
Commercial Castor Oil Dehydration
Glycerin Spent Glycerin Lye Treatment, Evaporation and Distillation
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Generic Chemical Reactions of Castor Oil for Manufacture of Various
Grades & Derivatives
Reaction Type Nature of Reaction Added Reactants Type of Products
Ester Linkage Hydrolysis Acid, enzyme or Twitchell reagent catalyst
Fatty acids, glycerol
Esterification Monohydric alcohols Esters
Alcoholysis Glycerol, glycols, pentaerythritol, and other compounds
Mono- and diglycerides, monoglycols, etc.
Saponification Alkalies, alkalies plus metallic salts
Soluble soaps, insoluble soaps
Reduction Na reduction Alcohols
Amidation Alkyl amines, alkanolamines, and other compounds
Amine salts, amides
Double Bond Oxidation, polymerization
Heat, oxygen, crosslink agent Polymerized oils
Hydrogenation Hydrogen (moderate pressure) Hydroxystearates
Epoxidation Hydrogen peroxide Epoxidized oils
Halogenation Cl2, Br2, I2 Halogenated oils
Addition reactions S, maleic acid Polymerized oils, factice
Sulphonation H2SO4 Sulphonated oils
Hydroxyl Group Dehydration, hydrolysis, distillation
Catalyst (plus heat) Dehydrated castor oil, octadecadienoic acid
Caustic fusion NaOH Sebacic acid, capryl alcohol
Pyrolysis High heat Undecylenic acid, heptaldehyde
Halogenation PCl5, POCl3 Halogenated castor oils
Alkoxylation Ethylene and/or propylene oxide
Alkoxylated castor oils
Esterification Acetic-, phosphoric-, maleic-, phthalic anhydrides
Alkyl and alkylaryl esters, phosphate esters
Urethane reactions Isocyanates Urethane polymers
Sulphation H2SO4 Sulphated castor oil (Turkey red oil)
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1.1.2 Reactions for Sebacic Acid Production
1.1.3 Castor Oil Derivatives Properties
Ricinoleic Acid
Ricinoleic Acid (12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid) is obtained by the hydrolysis of Castor Oil. It is a light
coloured liquid with a ricinoleic content of approximately 90%. Primary uses include, coatings, plastics,
inks and cosmetics
Biochemical studies have revealed that ricinoleic acid is produced in castor by the direct hydroxylation
of the common fatty acid, oleic acid (18:1). The hydroxylation reaction is catalysed by a single, highly
efficient enzyme, the fatty acid hydroxylase.
IUPAC Name– (E)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid
Synonyms– 12-hydroxy-(cis)-9-octadecenoic acid
Alkali Fusion @ 250 degrees C
Pyrolysis
Alkali Fusion @ 200 deg C
CH3(CH2)5CH(OH)CH2CH:CH(CH2)7COOH
Ricinoleic Acid
CH3(CH2)5CHO + CH2=CH(CH2)8COOH
Heptaldehyde Undecanoic Acid
CH3(CH2)5COCH3 + CH2(OH)(CH2)8COOH
2 Octanone 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid
CH3(CH2)5CH(OH)CH3 ) + COOH(CH2)8COOH + H2
2-Octanol Sebacic Acid
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CAS Number 5323-95-5
Chemical Formula C18H34O3
Mol Wt. 298.46
Physical State Viscous yellow liquid
Melting Point 5.5oC
Boiling Point 245oC
Specific Gravity 0.94
Solubility in Water Insoluble
Vapour Density 10.3
Flash Point 224oC
Stability Stable under ordinary conditions
Appearance Viscous yellow liquid
Acid Value 175 min
Hydroxyl Value 150 min
Iodine Value 80-91
Saponification Value 180 min
Colour, Gardner 8 max
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Chapter Contents
2.1 The Global Castor Oil Derivatives Market
2.1.1 Overall Growth Trends in the Global Castor Oil Derivatives Market
2.1.2 Growth Trends in Terms of:
2.1.2.1 Geography
2.1.2.2 Derivative
2.1.2.3 End Uses
2.2 Supply and Demand of Castor Oil Derivatives
2.2.1 Castor Oil Derivatives Supply Trends
2.2.2 Castor Oil Derivatives Demand Trends
2.2.3 Short & Medium Term Demand-Supply Analysis in Castor Oil Derivatives
2.3 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Industry
India being a near-monopoly for the supply of castor oil, we have a special section dedicated
to the Indian castor oil industry in the context of castor oil derivatives.
2.3.1 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Production – Historical & Current Scenario
2.3.2 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Exports – Historical & Current Scenario
2.3.3 Indian Castor Oil Derivatives Imports
2.3.4 Emerging Trends in India for Production of New Castor Oil Derivatives
======================SAMPLE CONTENT====================
2.1.2.3 Growth of Key End-user Industry Segments for Castor Oil Derivatives
Industry Global Market Size % Growth (CAGR)
Bioplastics 4.2 million tons (2016) –
75% durable bio-plastics
10% (2016-2020)
Biolubricants $1.9 billion (2015) 5.3% (2016-22)
Organic Personal Care
Products
$10.2 billion (2015) 13% (2016-21)
Organic Surfactants 0.36 million tons (2015) 5% (2015-23)
Green coatings $61 billion (2012), est
$86 B (2018)
6% (2012-18)
2. Castor Oil Derivatives Market Insights on current and future demand/supply estimates, consumption and import/export of various castor oil derivatives
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2.2.3 Current Demand-supply Estimates for the Various Grades of Castor Oil and
Derivatives
Product Demand Current Demand Supply Gap
Castor Seed High Medium
Castor Meal / Castor Residue High Medium
Hydrogenated Castor Oil (HCO) High Low
12 Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12 HSA) Medium Medium
Methyl 12 HSA (Hydroxy Stearate Acid) Low-Medium Medium
Blown Castor Oil Medium Medium
Sulfated/Sulfonated Castor Oil, Turkey Red Oil Medium Medium
COLM (Urethane Grade) Medium-High Medium-High
Commercial Grade Castor Oil Very High Medium
BP Grade Castor Oil Medium Medium
Deodorized/Deodourised Castor Oil Medium Medium
European Pharmacoepia Grade Castor Oil Medium Medium
Extra Pale Grade Castor Oil Low Medium
Pale Pressed Grade (PPG) Grade Castor Oil Medium Medium
First Pressed Degummed Castor Oil Medium-High Medium
First Special Grade (FSG) Castor Oil Very High Medium
United States Pharmacopia (USP) Castor Oil High Medium
Dehydrated Castor Oil (DCO) Medium-High Medium
Ethoxylated Castor Oil Medium High
C 3 Derivatives of Castor Oil
Glycerin Very High Low
C-7 Derivatives of Castor Oil
Heptanoic Acid Low Medium
Heptaldehyde Low Medium
Heptyl Alcohol (Heptanol) Low Medium
C 11 Derivatives of Castor Oil
Undecylenic Acid High1 Low-Medium1
Undecanoic Acid Low NA
Undecylenic Aldehyde Low NA
Undecylenic Alcohol Low NA
Calcium Undecylenate Low NA
Zinc Undecylenate Low NA
Allyl Undecylenate Low NA
Sodium Undecylenate Low NA
Methyl Undecylenate Low NA
Ethyl Undecylenate Low NA
C 18 Derivatives of Castor Oil
Esterols Not known NA
Ricinoleic Acid Medium Medium
Methyl Ricinoleate Low-Medium Medium
Sebacic Acid Very High2 Low-Medium
2-Octanol Medium Low-Medium
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1 A very large percentage of Undecylenic Acid is used by Arkema to manufacture Nylon 11
2 Large percentage of Sebacic acid is used for the manufacture of Nylon 6,10
Notations for Demand
Very High: 50,000 T and above per year
High: 30,000 –50,000T per year
Medium-High: 15,000-30,000 T per year
Medium: 5,000-15,000 T per year
Low-Medium: 1,000-5,000 T per year
Low: Less than 1,000 T per year
Notations for Demand-Supply Gap
Medium: There exists some demand over and above supply, but there has not been a significant
amount of demand that has gone unmet
Medium-High: There have been some instances where a significant demand has gone unmet
High: There have been many instances where a significant demand in the market has gone unmet
Low: There have been very few instances when a significant demand has gone unmet
NA: denotes that info on demand supply gap is not available owing to the negligible demand volumes
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Chapter Contents
3.1 Current End Uses for Castor Oil and Derivatives
3.1.1 End Uses - By Castor Oil Grade / Derivative
3.1.2 Castor Oil & Castor Oil Derivatives Uses - By Industry
3.2 Future Possible End Uses and End User Industries for Castor Oil and Derivatives
3.2.1 Biopolymers and Castor Oil
3.2.2 Cosmetics and Castor Oil
3.2.3 Other Emerging End Uses
======================SAMPLE CONTENT====================
3.1.1.6 End Uses of Undecylenic Acid
Undecylenic Acid
Undecylenic acid has a long history as antifungal drug. It is used to treat some types of fungus
infections.
Undecylenic acid is a natural fungicide and is FDA approved in over-the-counter medications for skin
disorders. It is the active ingredient in medications for skin infections, and relieves itching, burning,
and irritation. For example, it is used against fungal skin infections such as Athlete's foot, Ringworm,
and Candida albicans. It is also used in the treatment of psoriasis.
Most organic fatty acids are fungicidal and have been used for centuries as antimicrobial agents,
originally in the manufacture of soaps. In the last 50 years, however, they have found use both in vitro
as yeast and mold inhibitors in food stuffs, and as topical and systemic antifungals. Undecylenic acid
is an economical antifungal agent and is the active ingredient in many topical over-the-counter
antifungal preparations. Undecylenic acid has been shown to be approximately six times more
effective as an antifungal agent than caprylic acid, and is effective in maintaining a healthy balance of
intestinal and vaginal flora.
When undecylenic acid is treated with hydrogen bromide in a non-polar solvent in the presence of
peroxide, reverse Markownikoff addition occurs and the main product is x-bromoundecanoic acid. The
product is then treated with ammonia to give x-aminoundecanoic acid, which is a crystalline solid.
Aminoundecanoic acid is the starting material for nylon-11.
Related Chemical Reactions
(CH2=CH(CH2)8COOH) Undecylenic Acid HBr BrCH2.CH2(CH2)8COOH
BrCH2.CH2(CH2)8COOH NH3H2N(CH2)10COOH (w-Aminoundecanoic Acid)
The self-condensation of Castor oil derivative, 11-aminoundecanoic acid yields nylon-11 or
Polyundecanamide. Molten nylon-11 polymer is thermostable stable and can tolerate elevated
temperatures of 215 C. It has an increased half-life and exhibits a minimal susceptibility to oxidative
damage when stored under proper inert atmosphere. The properties of stiffness, specific gravity and
3. End Uses for Castor Oil Derivatives
Comprehensive Castor Oil Derivatives Report
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high initial modulus in nylon 11 makes its way robust to find applications in brush bristles, textile
industries and automobile tire cord market respectively. In addition, the plant based polymer has
appreciable low moisture absorbing and electrical insulation activities.
As nylon 11 has melting point of 189°C, it needs attention when subjected to high temperature
treatments in the general textile units.
Specific applications of undecylenic acid:
An active ingredient in many topical over-the-counter antifungal preparations like the tinea
pedis, diaper rash, and effective against denture stomatitis and herpes. Several studies have
demonstrated that undecylenic acid is 4-5 times powerful an antifungal agent as caprylic acid
in the same dosage.
Undecylenic acid and its derivatives have a bi-functionality: Acts as a surfactant as well as
possess natural bio-resistance properties.
Biocide in soaps and deodorants
Surfactant in hair lotions.
Starting material for Nylon-11
Malodorous/foul smelling paper mill effluents can also be deodorized by treating them with
an effective deodorizing amount – such as an alkyl or polyoxyalkylene ester of undecylenic
acid, for example methyl undecylenate or polyoxyethylene undecylenate.
Malodorous animal feeds can be deodorized by treating them with an effective foodstuff
deodorizing amount of polyoxyalkylene ester of undecylenic acid.
There are instances where malodorous liquid animal manures & sewage sludges are
deodorized by treating the sample with a polyoxyalkylene ester of undecylenic acid.
Biochemistry and Pharmacokinetics for Undecylenic Acid
Wyss et al demonstrated more than 50 years ago, that the greater the number of carbon atoms in the
fatty acid chain, the greater the fungicidal activity, up to the point exceeding eleven carbon atoms,
where solubility becomes the limiting factor. Although the fungistatic and fungicidal effects of fatty
acids have been well documented, they can be somewhat irritating tomucous membranes in certain
people, and commonly used fatty acids such as caprylic and undecylenic acids have ano bjectionable
taste and odor. Consequently, the calcium, magnesium, and sodium salts of these fatty acids have
been offeredas reasonable alternatives. Undecylenate salts have been shown to possess as much as
four times the fungicidal effect of undecylenic acid, and may be over 30 times more effective than
caprylic acid. Unfortunately, the antifungal effects of these fatty acid salts are more sensitive to pH
than the free fatty acids. When tested over a pH range from 4.5 to 6.0, the antifungal activities of both
undecylenic acid and calcium undecylenate are quite pronounced; the minimal inhibitory
concentration of calcium undecylenate against Candida albicans is 200 ppm at pH 6.0. However, above
pH 6.0, the calcium salt is less active than the free acid, perhaps due to the suppression of ionization
of the salt at higher pH levels.
Mechanism of Action
At least one of the mechanisms underlying in its anti-fungal effect is its inhibition of morphogenesis
of Candida albicans. In a study on denture liners, undecylenic acid in the liners was found to inhibit
conversion of yeast to the hyphal form. Hyphae were associated with an active infection. The authors
speculated on possible mechanisms including interference with fatty acid biosynthesis, which can
inhibit germ tube (hyphae) formation. Medium-chain fatty acids have also been shown to disrupt the
pH of the cell cytoplasm by being proton carriers.
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Undecylenic Acid for Specific Clinical Applications
Vaginal/Gastrointestinal Candidiasis - Undecylenic acid has been shown to be effective in preventing
fungal overgrowth associated with vaginal and gastrointestinal candidiasis via its fungicidal activity.
Thrush - Since undecylenic acid acts systemically, oral administration can inhibit or even prevent oral
candidiasis, or thrush.
Dermatomycoses- Undecylenic acid is the active ingredient in Desinex cream and a number of other
over-the-counter antifungals. It acts as an anti-fungal agent against organisms such as Candida
albicans, Trichophyton species, Epidermophyton inguinale, and Microsporum audouini.
Herpes Simplex Infection - Undecylenic acid has been shown to have antibacterial and antiviral
properties in vitro and is effective topically against the herpes simplex virus in both animals and
humans.
Denture Stomatitis - Candida albicans is a major cause of denture stomatitis, an inflammation of the
tissues underlying dentures. The organism exists in two cellular morphologies -- the round yeast form
found in asymptomatic carrier states and the branching hyphal form found in active infections.
Resilient liners are frequently used to treat denture stomatitis, and it has been demonstrated that
liners containing undecylenic acid completely inhibited the conversion of the yeast form of Candida
albicans to the hyphal form, thereby inhibiting proliferation of the yeast.
Undecylenic Acid Minor Derivatives (Source: Arkema Inc)
Undecylenic Acid - Ammonium Derivatives
o Undecylenamidopropyl betaine: C11 betaine.
A very mild, active surfactant with a dual water and oil solubility.
Especially suited to use in anti-dandruff shampoos.
A good viscosity regulator.
o Undecylenic Acid - Ethanolamide Derivatives
Ethanolamide derivatives are both oil- and water-soluble and hence can easily be formulated:
High water solubility and high surfactant properties for haircare uses.
o Undecylenic Acid - Undecylenamide MEA
Good fungicidal and bactericidal properties that can be added to:
Shampoos and other products to provide foam stabilization, viscosity
control...
Soaps to provide emolliency, firmness and fungicidal properties
Pharmaceutical creams and oils where fungicidal properties are important
Bubble bath products and shampoos, especially anti-dandruff shampoos
Shaving creams and after-shave lotions.
o Undecylenic Acid - Undecylenamide DEA
Same applications as for undecylenamide MEA, and additionally, any use in which increased
water solubility is required
Thickener and refatting agent for special formulations
Foam stabilization and viscosity control of detergent formulations
Suitable for foot and skincare preparations
Additive for anti-dandruff shampoos.
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o Undecylenic Acid - Sulfosuccinate Derivatives
Disodium Undecylenamido MEA-Sulfosuccinate
Contains the powerful solubilizing sulfonate group
A very mild anionic surfactant both to skin and eyes recommended for
application in baby shampoos and cleaning creams forits good skin
compatibility
Anti-dandruff activity: 2% active disodium mono-undecylenamido MEA-
sulfosuccinate is effective in the reduction of itching,scaling and dandruff
associated with seborrhea capitis.
3.2.1.3 Prominent Companies Involved in Making Polyamides from Castor Oil
There are some prominent companies that use castor oil to develop a range of polyamides. The
prominent global companies associated with castor oil based nylon production are:
Company Grades
Arkema 11 (homopolymer)
BASF 6, 10
DuPont 6, 10; 10, 10
DSM 4, 10
EMS 6, 10; 10, 10 '10T' (PPA)
(PPA) 6, 10; 10, 10
Evonik 6, 10
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Chapter Contents
4.1 Emerging Trends in End Uses
4.2 Business Partnerships in Castor Oil Derivatives
4.3 Past & Emerging Research in Castor Oil Derivatives
======================SAMPLE CONTENT====================
4.1.2 Emerging Applications of Castor Oil Based Biopolymers
The following table provides an overview of the recent and emerging applications of castor
biopolymers
Recent & Emerging Application Areas in
Biopolymers
• Mobility - Tubing, Air-braking, Liners • Solar – Back panels, Barrier Sheets • Household – Powder Coating • Cables – Jacketing • Filaments - Tooth brushes, Carpets
and Tires • Sports - Shoe Soles, Outdoor
Apparel • Cosmetics - Fine powders • Electronics – Casings
Sports Wear: As folks in the polyurethane
industry would tell you, the sports products
and footwear markets are other hot spots for
bioplastics.
Nike has launched a boot sole plate
made of 50% Pebax Renew (Arkema’s
castor-based thermoplastic elastomer
with about 97% renewable-based
component), and 50% bio-based
thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU).
In 2011, North Face, an American
outdoor product company, introduced
a water proof breathable castor bean
membrane in one of its jackets
Electronics:
DuPont™ Zytel® RS HTN, a high-
performance castor oil-based
polyamide, has seen a fourfold
growth since its introduction four
years ago especially in the application
of hand-held electronics.
Solvay has launched a new portfolio
of bio-based high-performance
polyamides offered for use in smart
mobile devices such as smart phones,
tablets, laptops, and other smart
mobile electronics.
Biopolymers in Personal Care &
Cosmetics:
In personal care, polyamide based
particles like Nylon 12 powders are
commonly used to enhance the haptic
properties of cosmetic formulations.
They generally act as mattifying
agents in order to reduce the shine on
human skin. Due to their porosity,
these particles are also used to
4. Emerging Trends in Applications, Partnerships & Research
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reduce the stickiness and oiliness of
cosmetic products during application.
Moreover, they can act as binders in
pressed powder and other types of
color formulations.
In 2013, Worlee Cosmetics of
Germany developed castor oil based
beads from Hydrogenated Castor Oil
(HCO), which can be used as a
cosmetic rinse-off product, replacing
PE and PP plastic micro particles as an
exfoliant.
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Chapter Contents
5.1 Producers in Asia
5.2 Producers in Europe
5.3 Producers in North America
5.4 Other Producers and Suppliers
======================SAMPLE CONTENT====================
5.1.1 Prominent Castor Oil & Derivatives Producers in India
Following are the prominent castor oil and castor derivatives manufacturers in India. The list is based on
a number of parameters, the key among which are the size of the company’s castor oil business, history
and track record.
Jayant Agro Organics
Main Line of Business: Castor Oil & Derivatives Production
Headquarters: Headquartered in Mumbai
Background
Jayant Agro-Organics Limited is a public listed company, traded on Bombay Stock Exchange and the
National Stock Exchange. It is a 100% export oriented unit, and is one of the leading castor based
companies in India. The company has a history of almost five decades. It is one of the largest castor oil
and derivatives companies in the world.
The company has acquired 100 percent subsidiary of Ihsedu Agrochem Pvt Ltd, a crushing unit from
Gujarat Agro Industries Corporation Limited. This plant has a crushing capacity of 350 MT oil / day and
also has solvent extraction plant. The plant is located in Banaskantha – which is one of the largest castor
growing districts in India’s largest castor seed producing state - Gujarat.
Products & Derivatives
The main products manufactured are Castor Oil Commercial Grade, Castor Oil First Special Grade, Castor
Oil Pale Pressed Grade, Castor Oil Extra Pale Grade, Castor Oil Neutralised Grade, Ethoxylated Castor Oil
and Castor Oil Pharma Grade. Notable is the fact that this unit also manufactures all high grade castor oils
including castor oil cold pressed.
5. Prominent Castor Oil Derivatives Producers
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Derivatives produced are HCO, 12-HSA , Methyl 12-HSA , Ricinoleic Acid, Castor Oil Polyols, 2-Octanol.
The company had been focusing more on basic castor grades until a decade back. In the last few years
however, the company has started climbing the value chain and has a high focus on specialty chemicals.
It currently supplies a range of generation I and generation II castor oil derivatives, besides the basic
grades. Our estimate is that it will be supplying about 1,00,000 T of castor oil / derivatives, and about 75-
100,000 T of castor meal per year. In recent years, the company has formed with Japanese chemical giants
to explore production of castor oil based polyols for polyurethane production, and is reportedly exploring
sebacic acid production as well.
For a complete list of their products, please see the following URL –
http://www.jayantagro.com/products.htm
Financials
Revenues of about 86 million US$ – 2015-2016 ($102 million in 2014-15).
Address
Akhandanand, 38, Marol Co-Operative Industrial Estate,
Off. M. V. Road, Sakinaka, Andheri (E)
Mumbai - 400059, India
www.jayantagro.com
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