Composite Smart Clients with WPFComposite Application Guidance for WPF – “PRISM”

Max KnorDeveloper Evangelist

Microsoft Austria

http://www.knor.net/

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Agenda

A solution for…

Complex WPF Applications

Developing in Modules

Composite Smart Clients

No introduction to WPF

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Your WPF Application ?!

4

Your WPF Application ?!

5

Composite Smart Clients

Loosely Coupled

Communication

Extensible

Configurable

Unified

ExperienceShared

User InterfaceCentral Services

(Equilizer, Dolby...)

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WPF Composite Application Guidance

Solution Package by Patterns & Practices Team

Available in Source

http://www.codeplex.com/CompositeWPF/

Reference Implementation (Stock Trader RI)

Composite Application Library (Framework)

Guidance (Documentation)

http://www.codeplex.com/CompositeWPFContrib/

Community Add-Ons

OutlookBar, Infragistics Support, …

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Architecture of Composite Smart Clients

Module

View Presenter

Model

Main Application

Shell

ShellPresenter

Custom Module Services

Serv

ice

/ D

ep

en

de

ncy

Inje

ctio

n C

on

tain

er

Core-Services

Module-Loader Svc.

RegionRegionRegion

ModuleEnumerator

ModuleLoader

RegionManger

Logging

EventAggregator

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Starting the Application

Bootstrapper

Application

Initialize Container

Display Shell

Initialize Modules

Shell

Region

Unity Container

ViewModule

Enumerator

Module Loader

Module 1

Module 2

Module 3

Module 4Initialize

Region ManagerSomeClass

Region Manager

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Dependency Injection mit Unity

this.Container.RegisterType<IMyView, MyView>();

this.Container.RegisterType<IShell, ShellWindow>();

1.) Register types with UnityContainer:

IMyView view = this.Container.Resolve<IMyView>();

2.) Instantiate a new object (resolve instead of new)

public class MyView : UserControl, IMyView

{

public MyView(IUnityContainer container, IShell shell)

{

// container & shell wurden automatisch befüllt

}

}

Constructor is called, dependencies are filled automatically

The Shell

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The ShellToolbars, ….

Regions

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Starting the Application

Bootstrapper

Application

Initialize Container

Display ShellShell

Region

Unity Container

Region ManagerSomeClass

demo

Shell & RegionsBootstrapper & Container

Modules

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Modules

Grouped by UseCases, Functionality, …

No reference to the Shell

Shared Components

Services, Interfaces, … in Shared Libraries

Modules are dynamically loaded

At runtime

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Starting the Application

Bootstrapper

Application

Initialize Container

Display Shell

Initialize Modules

Shell

Region

Unity Container

Module Enumerator

Module Loader

Module 1

Module 2

Module 3

Module 4Initialize

Region ManagerSomeClass

demo

ModulesModule Loading

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Dynamic Module Loading

public class MyBootstrapper : UnityPrismBootstrapper

{

...

protected override IModuleEnumerator GetModuleEnumerator()

{

return new StaticModuleEnumerator()

.AddModule(typeof(SomeModule))

.AddModule(typeof(AnotherModule), new[] {"SomeModule")

.AddModule(typeof(YetAnotherModule), new[] {"AnotherModule"

})

}

}

public class MyBootstrapper : UnityPrismBootstrapper{...protected override IModuleEnumerator GetModuleEnumerator(){return new DirectoryLookupModuleEnumerator(@".\Modules");

}}

Searching for modulesin directory

Views & Controllers

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Implementing the Views

Seperation of UI, logic and data

Presentation Model

Responsible for data loading (from model)

Instantiates the view

View

Binding to PM‘s commands and data

ViewPresentation

ModelModel

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Starting the Application

Bootstrapper

Application

Initialize Container

Display Shell

Initialize Modules

Shell

Region

Unity Container

View (…)Module

Enumerator

Module Loader

Module 1

Module 2

Module 3

Module 4Initialize

Region ManagerSomeClass

Region Manager

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public class MyModule : IModule{public void Initialize (IRegionManager manager){

RegisterViewsAndServices();

IRegion orderRegion =manager.GetRegion("OrderRegion");

var myOrderView = new OrderView(myOrder);orderRegion.Add(myOrderView);

}}

Displaying views

Region manager is needed

View is created

Region is retrieved

View is shown

demo

View & PresentationModell

Communikations

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Loosely coupled communication

Requirements: No direct dependencies

Shared Services

Event Aggregator

Weak Multicast Events

Commands

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Commands

public interface ICommand{

event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;bool CanExecute(object parameter);void Execute(object parameter);

}

<Button Command="..." />

MyCommand

Execute() CanExecute()

demo

CommandsEventAggregator

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Shell Extensibility

Modules can extend the shell with customtoolbars

ShellWindow implements Interface

IExtendableShell

Access via UnityContainer

Modules are only aware of IExtendableShell

Breaking the dependency to shell implementation

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Shell Extensibility

public ShellWindow : Window, IExtendableShell { .. }ShellWindow.cs:

this.Container.RegisterType<IExtendableShell, ShellWindow();MyBootstrapper.cs:

var shell = this.Container.Resolve<IExtendableShell>();

shell.ShowStatusBarText("bla"); //nur IExtendableShell sichtbar

Im Modul:

IExtendableShell.cs:public interface IExtendableShell

{

void AddToolBarItem(object identifier, string text,

ICommand command);

void RemoveToolBarItems(object identifier);

void ShowStatusBarText(string text);

}

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Composition Commands

Submit

OrderDetails

Submit

OrderDetails

Submit

OrderDetail

s

Delegate Commands

Composite

Command

Submit

OrderDetails

Submit All

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Summary

Composite Smart Clients

Extensible Architecture

Build in a modular way

Independent modules enable

Parallel Development of modules

Flexible deployment

Composite Application Guidance

Library providing Infrastruktur

Tips

Interfaces reduce dependencies (z.B.: UI Testing)

Event Aggregator can get evil (event loops)

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Contact

Max KnorDeveloper Evangelist

Microsoft Austria

http://www.knor.net/