8th International Conference “Tunnel Safety & Ventilation” 2016

Martin Viertel

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING

GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

Gotthard Base Tunnel

Ventilation System

Commissioning

Examples

Conclusion

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016 2

OVERVIEW OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL

3COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

4

OVERVIEW OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

East tube

West tube

Emergency Station

1 of 44 ventilation strategies

5

OVERVIEW OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

East tube

West tube

Emergency Station

1 of 44 ventilation strategies Exhaust air shaft cross section

Damper

Emergency Station

6

OVERVIEW OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM

Fresh air fans in SedrunExhaust air dampers above the

emergency station

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

7

OVERVIEW OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM

Emergency Station Sedrun West

(1 of 4)

Exhaust air shafts above the

emergency station

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

WHAT WE DO – COMMISSIONING PHASES

8

F.A.T.

• Standalone tests

• Component interaction tests

• Emulated tests with MMI andfunctional tests.

Installation, Commissioning

• Stepwise functional tests

• Integration tests

• Combined functional tests

• Fine tuning of components

Validation testing

(8 Months –3000 Tests)

• Verification of set goals

• Proof of relevant operation requirementsof the tunnel

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

WHAT WE (ALSO) DO – COMMISSIONING PHASES

9

F.A.T.• Standalone tests

• Component interaction tests

Installation, Commissioning

• Stepwise functional tests

• Integration tests

• Fine tuning of components

Validation testing

• Verification of set goals

• Proof of relevant operation requirementsof the tunnel

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

EXAMPLE: LEAKAGE FLOW MEASUREMENTS

10

Model of leakagein ducts

Choice ofmeasurement

conceptFlow

measurements

∆𝑝 measurement

Characteristicparameter fitting

- Extrapolation

- Tracking leakageover time

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

Exhaust Duct Faido

Ventilation Station Faido

MFS Faido

Exhaust flow

Faido Gallery (Fresh air duct)

AV

Leakage flowAV Fresh air

EXAMPLE: LEAKAGE FLOW MEASUREMENTS

11COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

Model of leakagein ducts

Choice ofmeasurement

conceptFlow

measurements

∆𝑝 measurement

Characteristicparameter fitting

- Extrapolation

- Tracking leakageover time

Quadratic (Turbulent)

Model

Linear (Laminar)

Model

EXAMPLE: LEAKAGE FLOW MEASUREMENTS

12COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

Model of leakagein ducts

Choice ofmeasurement

conceptFlow

measurements

∆𝑝 measurement

Characteristicparameter fitting

- Extrapolation

- Tracking leakageover time

Exhaust Duct Faido

Ventilation Station Faido

MFS Faido

Exhaust flow

Faido Gallery (Fresh air duct)

AV

Leakage flowAVAll exhaust dampers

CLOSED

Massflow 2

Massflow 1

Exhaust flow + Leakage flow

DP DP

• Uncertainty analysis

• CFD Velocity profile

EXAMPLE: LEAKAGE FLOW MEASUREMENTS

13COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

EXAMPLE: LEAKAGE FLOW MEASUREMENTS

14

-40.00%

-30.00%

-20.00%

-10.00%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

295 507 851 1269 1773 2350 2617 274 993 2174 2668 2896

Dev

iati

on

of

mo

de

ls f

rom

me

asu

red

leak

age

[%

]

Mean differential pressure [Pa]

Rel Dev Mix [%] Rel Dev Lam [%] Rel Dev Turb [%]

Drawing against CLOSED exhaust dampers

Drawing against OPEN exhaust dampers

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

Model of leakagein ducts

Choice ofmeasurement

conceptFlow

measurements

∆𝑝 measurement

Characteristicparameter fitting

- Extrapolation

- Tracking leakageover time

COMMISSIONING PHASES

15

F.A.T.• Standalone tests

• Component interaction tests

Installation, Commissioning

• Stepwise functional tests

• Integration tests

• Fine tuning of components

Validation testing

• Verification of set goals

• Proof of relevant operation requirementsof the tunnel

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

COMMISSIONING PHASES

16

F.A.T.• Standalone tests

• Component interaction tests

Installation, Commissioning

• Stepwise functional tests

• Integration tests

• Fine tuning of components

Validation testing

• Verification of set goals

• Proof of relevant operation requirementsof the tunnel

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

17

VALIDATION TESTING: FIRE SIMULATIONS IN

EMERGENCY STATIONS

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

18

VALIDATION TESTING: DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

SAMPLING

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

19

GBT is a complex system

Model your system before measuring

Single-Point Volume Flow measurements:

Integration of CFD

Simple and cost effective

Fire Tests with smoke generators and firetrainer

CONCLUSION, APPLICATIONS TO OTHER TUNNELS

COMPLEX COMMISSIONING AND QUANTITATIVE TESTING OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM

8th Int. Conference ‘Tunnel Safety & Ventilation’, Graz, 2016

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