Comparison of Acids Used in Textile Dyeing...Comparison of Acids Used in Textile Dyeing. June 8,...

Eco-Efficiency Analysis

Comparison of Acids Used in Textile Dyeing

June 8, 2006

validatedeco-efficiency

method

2

Summary

This eco-efficiency analysis compares acetic acid and Ecodizer TEX for use in textile dyeing. Use of the substances in the acidification step, conventionally done with acetic acid, is examined.

Acidification with Ecodizer TEX is more eco-efficient. This alternative causes a lower environmental impact as well as lower costs. The large eco-efficiency advantage is primarily due to the fact that less Ecodizer TEX is required to achieve the same dyeing effect. However, Ecodizer TEX would remain environmentally favorable even at identical amounts.

The acetic acid alternative, in addition to requiring higher amounts, may pose a disadvantage in yellowing. Even small reductions in yellowing due to EcodizerTEX use result in large cost savings for the customer due to decreased textile loss. Yellowing is the dominant factor in the eco-efficiency of these acids.

Ecodizer TEX use results in plant effluents with lower COD load. This results in direct cost savings for the customer.

3

Objectives and Planned Use of the Study

Target groups of the studyDecision-maker BASF CustomersPublic

Use of the studyInternal strategy findingIdentifying of weaknessesand strengthsMarketing

Objective of the studyAn eco-efficiency analysis was performed in order to compare the environmental impacts and the costs from all life-cycle stages of the production and use of acetic acid and Ecodizer TEX for use in the acidification step of textile dyeing.

4

Ecodizer TEX solution

new product conventional productcustomer benefit

acetic acid solutionAcidification of textile during dyeing process (European conditions)

Customer Benefits

5

production

electricity and other energy

acidproduction

disposaluse

dyeingpH 4 – 4.5

subs. reductive cleaning

watertreatment

hot rinse

auxiliariesproduction

cold rinse

acidification

gray modules are not considered sincethey are the same for all alternatives

System Boundaries

6

Acidification of textile during dyeing process:

textilearea 19,680,000 m2

weight 1,574,400 kg

customer benefit0,0

1,0

2,00,01,02,0

costs (normalized)

envi

ronm

enta

l im

pact

(nor

m.)

acetic acidEcodizer TEX

Eco-Efficiency Portfolio

7

UB- customer benefit

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

acetic acid Ecodizer TEX

Euro

/UB

COD treatmentdosingtransportation&handlingtextileEcodizer TEXacetic acid

Evaluation of Costs

8

1: maximum environmental impact0: minimum environmental impact

0,00

0,50

1,00energy use

emissions

toxicity potential

risk potential

resource use

land use acetic acidEcodizer TEX

Ecological Fingerprints

9

Note on graphs: the textile production shown in the legend is not considered in the base case since it is identical for both alternatives. The textile is, however, considered in the relevant scenarios in which yellowing results in different amount of textile produced.

Evaluation of Ecological Impact Categories

10


0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000


MJ/

UB

COD treatmenttransportationtextileEcodizer TEXacetic acid

Evaluation of Energy Consumption

11


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


kg/(a

*mill

. t)1/

2 /UB

sandbauxitelimeironphosphorussulfurNaCllignitenat. gasoilcoal

Evaluation of Resource Consumption

12


0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000


g C

O2-

equi

vale

nt/U

B


Evaluation of Air Emission Global Warming Potential (GWP)

13


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500


g et

hene

-equ

ival

ents

/UB


Evaluation of Air Emissions Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential (POCP)

14


0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000


g SO

2-eq

uiva

lent

/UB


Evaluation of Air Emissions Acidification Potential (AP)

15


low relevance for eco-efficiency determination

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4


g C

FC11

-equ

ival

ents

/UB


Evaluation of Air Emissions Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)

16


0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000


criti

cal w

aste

wat

er v

olum

e l /

UB


Evaluation of Water Emissions

17


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140


kg/U

B


Evaluation of Solid Wastes

18

UB- customer benefitHT- human toxicityET- ecotoxicity

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0


toxi

city

uni

ts/U

B ET acid (disposal)ET acid (use)HT acid (use)ET acid (production)HT textile (production)HT acid (production)

Evaluation of Toxicity Potential

19


0,0

0,1

0,20,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,70,8

0,9

1,0


risk

units

/UB

transportationtextile productionacid production

Evaluation of Risk Potential

20


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900


wei

ghte

d la

nd u

se m

²a /U

B


Evaluation of Land Use

21

Reduction of Acetic Acid Costs by 10% Yellowing of Textiles

Following Sensitivity analyses were conducted. Even though the eco-efficiency portfolios change relative to the base case, in all cases is Ecodizer TEX more eco-efficient than acetic acid.

0,0

1,0

2,00,01,02,0

costs (normalized)

envi

ronm

enta

l im

pact

(nor

m.)

.

base case acetic acidbase case Ecodizeracetic acidEcodizer TEX

0,0

1,0

2,00,01,02,0

costs (normalized)

envi

ronm

enta

l im

pact

(nor

m.)

.


Sensitivy Anaylses (1)

22

Variation in societal weighting Reduction of acetic acid amount by 10%

0,0

1,0

2,00,01,02,0

costs (normalized)

envi

ronm

enta

l im

pact

(nor

m.)

.


0,0

1,0

2,00,01,02,0

costs (normalized)

envi

ronm

enta

l im

pact

(nor

m.)

.


Sensitivy Analyses (2)

23

Conclusions

The use of Ecodizer TEX in the acidification step of textile dyeing has cost and environmental advantages under a wide range of conditions.

Lower costs for the customer:- due to lower material costs per given amount of textile- lower water treatment costs for effluents

Lower overall environmental impact due to:- less Ecodizer TEX needed to attain similar effect- better performance of Ecodizer TEX in all environmental impact categories.

Ecodizer TEX may provide the additional benefit of yellowing reduction which results in very large cost savings (due to textile use reduction) for the customer.

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Expert Opinion: Critical Review by Dr. S. Schwarzer and H. Just, Prüfinstitut HANSECONTROL GmbH

Summary of Critical Review“Two products are compared in the Eco-Efficiency Analysis which are…applied in the textile dyeing process…The focus of the analysis is to compare acetic acid with the BASF product [Ecodizer TEX]…with regard to their ecologic properties and economic impact.”

“Information in total seems to be complete in accordance with the goal of the analysis.The statements with regard to the choice of impact categories evaluate sufficiently positive effects and are in accordance with the goal and the defined Eco-Efficiency Analysis. Choice of impact categories seem to be complete and are, as such, accepted internationally.”

“Relevance and weighting factors …satisfy the principles of ISO 14043 and transparency is given.”

“The LCA study on the use of [Ecodizer TEX] instead of acetic acid in the textile dyeing process was carried out in accordance with the main requirements of ISO 14040 – 14043…The study is consistent and scientific and [the] technical approach [is] transparent. The goal of the study was achieved. The main information to prove the positive environmental impact with regard to ISO 14040-14043 is given and transparent.”

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For more information about Ecodizer TEX please contact:

Dr. Xavier SavaBASF CorporationN-CZN/[email protected]

For more information about the Eco-Efficiency Analysis please contact:

Dr. Anahí Grosse-SommerBASF SEGU/[email protected]

Contact

Comparison of Acids Used in Textile Dyeing...Comparison of Acids Used in Textile Dyeing. June 8,...

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