COMPARING RNA & DNA

Biology CP – Phyllis Smith

Comparing RNA & DNADNA RNA

Nucleotide

Deoxyribose

Ribose

Single-stranded

Double-stranded

Nitrogenous bases

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

Comparing RNA & DNA

DNA RNA

Thymine

Uracil

Template for synthesis of nucleic acid

Double helix

Replication

Transcription

X

X

X

X

X

X X

Comparing RNA & DNADNA RNA

Exact Copy

Messenger

More Than 1 Form

Found in Nucleus

Leaves Nucleus

Does not Leave

X

X

XX

X

X

X

Interpreting Diagrams: Understanding the Main Ideas

DNA codon mRNA codon tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid

AAA AAA

CAG

CCT CCU

AUG UAC

GAT

CAC

UUU Phenylalanine

GTC GUC Glutamine

Methionine

GlycineGGA

TAC

CUA GAU Leucine

GUG CAC Valine

13.1 AND 13.2

RNA synthesis

Transcription: Similar to DNA Replication

1. DNA DOUBLE HELIX Unwinds 2. DNA DOUBLE HELIX Unzips 3. RNA Polymerase uses 1 STRAND to create

mRNA

Use Promoters – tell the RNA polymerase where to stop and where to end

KEY DIFFERENCE: Only uses one strand from parental DNA NOT BOTH!

INTRONS and EXONS

Pre –mRNA must be edited

2 types of RNA

mRNA = messenger RNA

tRNA = transfer RNA

Same rules of pairing for both mRNA and tRNA

How are the base pairing rules different from DNA?

DNA or RNA?

CCC – GGG DNA, RNA, or Both?

CAT – GUA DNA, RNA, or Both?

UUU – AAA DNA, RNA, or Both?

TGC – ACG DNA, RNA, or Both?

The Genetic Code

Nucleotides bases = A, C, G, T (U in RNA)

Codon 3 nucleotide bases (or letters) = 1 word

Letters of RNA: A, C, G, and U U =? U pairs with ?