Comparing Powertrain Options and Component Technologies...

Comparing Powertrain Options and Component Technologies with Autonomie

“This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information”

© COPYRIGHT March 2009 UChicago Argonne, LLC

Outline

Changing a component technology

Changing the powertrain

– Using an existing vehicles

– Using an empty configuration

Different process for different powertrain type

– SOC Correction

– PHEV / BEV Procedures

Comparing results

– Summary grid

– Energy Balance

– Signal comparisons

– Parameter plots

– Specialized plots

2

zdong

Highlight


Changing a component technology

For most Autonomie systems, changing a technology can be done simply by changing the initialization file. E.g.: switch from lead-acid to Li-ion for the battery, or from induction to permanent magnet for the motor.

In addition, some systems may require to change the model itself to simulate the different technology. E.g.: Engine models are different for Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition, Gearbox models are different for Automatic and Manual.

Finally, the controllers may have to be updated as well if the plant models are modified. E.g.: gearbox controller need to be adapted to the plant transmission type

Tip: use existing vehicles and systems as a starting point

3


Changing the powertrain

Load Based vehicle

Change Configuration

Initialize from based vehicle

Update controllers

and VPA proc

Fill out missing

information

4

How:

Example:

Conventional Automatic

Start stop Automatic

Parallel Pre-Transmission

Automatic

Series Engine Automatic

Split

Load vehicle with right

configuration

Initialize VPA with based

vehicle

Update controllers

Method 1, if vehicle already exist with the right configuration :

Method 2, from base vehicle:


Hybridizing your vehicle, Method 1

Conventional -> Start-stop

Load a default Autonomie start-stop vehicle, e.g.: HEV Belt ISG Midsize Gasoline 6 Speed Auto Trans

5




Select VPA system and unlock the Initialization File property, if needed

6




Note the VPA Pre and Post-Processing Files lists, you will need to re-enter them after initializing the system

7




Right click on the VPA system, and select “Initalize from System…”

8




Change the Initialization File Type to Vehicle File

9




Select the Conv AutoTrans 2wd Midsize vehicle

10

The vehicle doesn’t exist in rev 15




You will see the VPA systems from the Conventional vehicle have been used to initialize the matching systems in the start-stop vehicle. However, some of those initializations are not compatible with the start-stop vehicle, and you will see that list of issue in the message window.

11




First, reselect the VPA pre & Post processing files

12




Navigate to the engine controller, unlock the initialization file, right click on the controller and Initialize it from the BISG vehicle

13




The engine plant will show incomplete because its model was designed for conventional vehicle only. You can replace it with the non-conventional version. In this case it’s the Engine model for Spark Ignition. The initialization data will stay the same to simulate the same engine.

14

Drag and Drop

Not in rev 15




The last error indicate the motor system is looking for a missing gearbox signal. This is because the gearbox controller was for a conventional vehicle.

15




Initialize the gearbox controller with the start-stop vehicle as well

16




Vehicle is now complete!

17




Load your based vehicle, e.g.: Conventional Automatic 2wd

18




Drag and drop the new VPA configuration from configuration on the VPA system, e.g.: Par P1 Micro or BISG AutoTrans 2wd

19

Drag and Drop




Right click on VPA system and select Initialize from System

20




Change the File type to Vehicle file and select the Conventional AutTrans 2wd Vehicle

21




The model will show as incomplete. You will need to fill out the missing information and update some which were designed for conventional only. In this example, here’s the list of what to update:

22

System Configuration Model Initialization Pre-processing Post-processing

VPC VPC with controllers

VPC\Prop VPC Propelling –BISG or CISG logic with idle off and assist

vpc_prop_par_1mot_start_alter_idle_off_and_assist_init.m

VPC\Brake VPC Brake - 1 motor for regen, with gearbox, with cpl

Mot1 main regen, before cpland gearbox

VPA vpa_par_starter_alternator_withtc_preproc

vpa_postprocess,vpa_1eng_1ess_regen_postproc




23

System Configuration Model Initialization Pre-Processing Post-Processing

ESS\plant Update to your need, e.g.: ess_plant_li_6_75_saft

PC Plant(1 effort in,1 effort out)

PC\Plant Update to your need, e.g.: Power Converter with voltage input and voltage output and constant efficiency

Update to your need, e.g.: pc_plant_095_12.m

pc_summary_postprocess, pc_state_signal_postprocess, pc_state_scalar_postprocess, pc_postprocess




24

System Configuration Model Initialization Scaling Pre-Processing

Post-Processing

MOT Ctrl/Plant(1 effort in,1 effort out)

MOT\plant Update to your need, e.g.: mot_plant_map_Pelec_funTW_volt_in

Update to your need, e.g.: mot_plant_pm_7_14_Accord.m

If needed, e.g.: mot_plant_pwr_scale.m, mot_plant_eff_scale.mIn this example, power was scaled to 7kW

mot_plant_preproc_init.m, mot_plant_preproc.m

mot_postprocess, mot_state_scalar_postprocess, mot_state_signal_postprocess, mot_summary_postprocess

MOT\ctrl ctrl_with_cstr_trs_cmd




25


MOT\ctrl\cstr mot_ctrl_cstr_map_Pelec_funTW_volt_in

MOT\ctrl\trs Update to your need, e.g.: mot_ctrl_trs_par_pretx

Update to your need, e.g.: mot_ctrl_trs_par_pretx_init.m

MOT\ctrl\cmd Update to your need, e.g.: mot_ctrl_cmd_map_Pelec_funTW_volt_in




26


ENG\plant Engine model for Spark Ignition

ENG\ctrl ctrl_with_cstr_trs_cmd

ENG\ctrl\cstr eng_ctrl_cstr_map_hot

ENG\ctrl\trs eng_ctrl_trs_au_with_vpc

For automatic gearbox with torque converter

ENG\ctrl\cmd HEV Control Command Map -HOT




27


GB\ctrl\dmd gb_ctrl_dmd_n_gen_eng_mot_before_tx.m

GB\ctrl\trs gb_ctrl_trs_au_par_isg

gb_ctrl_trs_au_par_isg_init.m


Hybridizing your vehicle, Additional considerations

Modify the new systems (Motor, Battery…) to match your requirement (different plant model, init file, scaled power…)

Should some of the component be resized to meet minimum performances (e.g.: Engine/Battery/Motor power, Battery energy)? -> Use parametric study / optimization

Does the controller parameters need to be tuned to optimize performances and / or match test data results? -> Use parametric study / optimization

Don’t forget to update the vehicle mass!!

28


Different process for different powertrain type

Once the vehicle is complete, the process may need to be modified for the new powertrain.

For HEVs, cycles should be run with the SOC Correction modifier. This will run a cycle in charge sustaining mode so you can compare the fuel economy values to conventional results without an electrical bias.

For PHEVs and E-REVs, it is a bit more complicated as they have both a charge depleting mode and a more ‘classic’ charge sustaining mode like HEVs. They usually require a more complex procedure to merge those different modes via utility factors.

Same issue with BEV vehicles which only have a charge depleting mode.

29


SOC Correction: Interpolation

Interpolate Results From Several Cycles: runs the vehicle N number of types at different initial SOCs. The fuel consumption is then plotted versus delta SOC and a linear fit is made. The y-intercept is the SOC corrected fuel consumption

30


SOC Correction: Change SOC Start

Modify SOC init until Convergence: vary a parameter such as initial SOC until the difference between initial and final are within a specified tolerance. abs(SOC final –SOC initial) < tolerance

31


SOC Correction: Repeating cycle

Repeat Cycle N Times: repeat a cycle a fixed number of times until the SOC convergences and the amount of energy left in the battery due to a remaining delta SOC is insignificant when compared to the total fuel energy used.

32


SOC Correction: Selection in Autonomie

33

Drag and Drop


SOC Correction: Parameter Example

34


PHEV / BEV Procedures

For PHEV and BEV vehicles, we recommend using the PHEV or BEV specific procedures. Those procedures are based on the associated SAE Standard procedures J1711 for the PHEVs and J1634 for the BEVs.

35

BEV

PHEV


PHEV Procedure example

36


Comparing Results

To compare results from multiple simulations, you can use the following tools:

– Summary Grid

– Energy Balance

– Signal Comparisons

– Specialized plots

– Parameter Comparisons

37


Comparing results: Summary grid

38

Drag and Drop to Add Parameters

Use Context menu on the grid to access plot options or export the grid to Excel for more analysis


Comparing Results: Energy Balance

39

Conventional

Micro Hybrid

Wheel efficiency greatly improves thanks to regen

Gearbox efficiency decreased slightly

Engine efficiency increased


Comparing Results: Signal comparisons

40

Micro hybrid has no engine idle

Micro hybrid has less transient thanks to e-assist


Comparing Results: Specialized Plots

41

Micro hybrid has no engine idle

Micro hybrid has less transient thanks to e-assist

Double click Analysis function to launch it



42

The engine operates in different area of the fuel rate map

Under Engine plant, Double click on the Analysis function: Fuel Rate Hot Map (Torque vs. Speed) – Operating Points



43

Energy density of Conventional vs. Split Engine usage. The Split controller uses the engine in a much more efficient area


Comparing Results: Parameter plots

44

Drag and Drop parameters to plot


Comparing Results: Parameter plots

45

Different view available for analysis / reporting

Comparing Powertrain Options and Component Technologies...

Documents

Transcript of Comparing Powertrain Options and Component Technologies...