Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a...

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Comparing objects and changing color This is an modification of the July 2009/June 2015 changing color tutorial by Susan Rodger, Erin Taylor, and David Yan By Natalie Huffman Under the direction of Susan Rodger Duke University June 2017 Functions, parameters, properties, and random numbers

Transcript of Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a...

Page 1: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Comparingobjectsandchangingcolor

ThisisanmodificationoftheJuly2009/June2015changingcolor

tutorialbySusanRodger,ErinTaylor,andDavidYan

ByNatalieHuffmanUnderthedirectionofSusanRodger

DukeUniversityJune2017

Functions,parameters,properties,andrandom

numbers

Page 2: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Whatisafunction?

• Afunctionisasubsetofcodethatcanacceptinputs(calledparameters)andreturnoutputs

• Functionshelpsimplifycode• Examplesofbuilt-infunctionsaregetHeightandgetDistanceTo

• Inthistutorial,wewillwriteourownfunctions

Page 3: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Parts

• Part1:createfunctionthatcomparestwoobjectsandreturnstheshorter

• Part2:createaseagullfunctionthatchangesthecoloroftheseagullwhenitisclickedon

• Part3:createasnowmanfunctionthatturnsthesnowmanarandomcolorwhenitisclickedon

• Part4:createafunctionthatreturnsthecolorofthesnowman,asastring

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PART1

• CreateanAliceworldandaddobjects• Createascenefunctionthatcanbeusedtocomparetheheightofobjects

• Createparameters

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StartanAliceworldwithgrassandaddlioness(quadruped),bunny(biped),seagull(flyer),andsnowman(biped)

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Clickon“editcode”andaddaScenefunction

Clickon“unset”underreturntypeandselect“GalleryClass”

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Select“SJointedModel”fromthelistNoticethatallfourobjectshavechecksnexttotheirnames,meaningtheyareincluded

inthiscategory

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ClickOK,andnamethefunction“objectThatIsShorter”

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Whatdoesthisfunctiondo?

• Functionscalculateandreturnananswer• Becausewechose“SJointedModel”,ourfunctionmustreturnan“SJointedModel”,whichisacategoryallfourofourobjectsfallinto

• Ourfunctionwillcomparethesnowmanandtheseagullandreturntheshorterone

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Draginanifstatementandchoose“true”

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Clickonthedropdownmenuby“true”andchoose

Relational(DecimalNumber)à???<???à1à1

Youcanchooserandomnumbersinsteadofones,wewillreplace

them

Page 12: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Selectthis.seagull inthelefthanddrop-downmenu,andclickonthe

functionstab

• Ifyouhover yourmouseoverfunctions,Alicewillputboxesaroundplacesyoucandragthemto• Dragthis.seagull getHeight ontothefirst1.0

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Repeatforthesnowman’sgetHeightfunction.Yourcodeshouldlooklike

thecodebelow

Page 14: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Wewanttoreturntheshorterobject,soiftheifstatementistrue,weshould

returnseagullOtherwise,wewanttoreturn

snowman

Page 15: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Nowweneedtocallourmethod

• ClickonmyFirstMethod.Rightnowitshouldonlyhaveadoinorderblock

• Clickontheseagullanddragin“say”• Havetheseagullsay“Iamshorter!”

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Butwewanttheshorterobjecttosaythat,nottheseagull

Select“objectThatIsShorter”fromthisàFunctionsanddragitontothe

seagull

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• Runyourcode.Theshorterobjectshouldsay“Iamshorter!”.• Tryresizingthesnowmanandtheseagullsotheotherisshorterandrerun.• Butwhatifwewanttotestanobjectotherthantheseagullorthesnowman?Parameters

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GobacktotheobjectThatIsShorterfunctionandclick“AddParameter”

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Undervaluetype,selectGalleryClass,thenclickonSJointedModel

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Fillinthenameasobject1andcheckthebox(thistellsusthatwecalledthisfunctionsomewhereandwewillhavetogoandfixit,sincenowwewantthemainfunctionto

givethisoneaparameter.

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Repeattheprocessforanotherparameter,namedobject2

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Nowtoactuallyusetheparameters:

• Dragobject1over“this.seagull”andobject2over“this.snowMan”

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NowgobacktomyFirstMethod

• Yourcodeshouldlooklikethis:

• Noticethetwored“unset”places?Thosearewhereweneedtoselecttwoobjectstocompare

• Whenwecheckedthatboxwhencreatingparameters,wewerepromisingtocomebackandfillthesetwoplacesinwithrealobjects

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Selecttwoobjectsandrunyourcode!Youshouldtryitmultipletimesto

makesureitworkswithalltheobjectsinyourworld

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PART2

• Createaseagullfunction• Createaseagullvariabletokeeptrackofcolor• Changetheseagullcolorinresponsetoaclick– Iftheseagulliswhite,wewantittobeblue– Ifitisblue,changetored– Ifred,changetogreen– Ifgreen,changebacktowhite

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First,wewanttocreateanewseagullfunction

• Gotothedropdownmenutotherightofthesceneimage

• SelectseagullàAddseagullfunction

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Wewantthisfunctiontochangetheseagull’scolor,sosetreturntypeto

OtherTypesà Color

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NamethefunctionchangeColor andclickOK

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Iftheseagulliswhite,wewanttoturnitblue

• Howdoweknowwhatcolortheseagullis?• InAlice3,youCANNOTcomparecolors• Instead,wewillcreateaseagullvariable(calledProperties)thatwillholdthenameofthecolorthattheseagullcurrentlyis

• WordvariablesarecalledStrings

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• Gotothedropdownmenuagain

• SelectSeagullàAddSeagullProperty

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• Setthevaluetypeto“TextString”• Namethevariable“seagullColor”• Clickinitializer andfillin“White”– Thiswillbethewordthepropertyissetaswhentheworldbegins

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Thepropertypopupshouldlooklikethis

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NowgotothechangeColor function

• Ifyouhavetroublefindingit,selectthis.seagull fromthedropdownmenuonthefarleft

• Clickonthefunctionstab• Atthetopyoushouldseethis.seagullchangeColor

• Clicktheeditbuttontotheleftofit• Draginanifstatementandselect“true”

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ClickontrueandselectTextStringComparisonà ???contentEquals ???àthis.seagullColoràCustomTextString

Thiswillletussay“ifthewordinthis.seagullColor(whichis“White”right

now)isequaltoacustomstring”

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Aboxwillpopupforyoutofillinthecustomstring

• Wewanttocheckiftheseagulliswhite,sofillinWhite

• MakesuretokeepthecapitalizationthesameasintheseagullColor property!!

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Iftheseagulliswhite,wewanttochangeittoblue

• Whenwecreateaproperty,Alice3automaticallymakesaprocedureandafunctiontogoalongwithit:setPropertyNameandgetPropertyName

• SoundertheProcedurestabyouwillseesetSeagullColor andundertheFunctionstabyouwillseegetSeagullColor

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Iftheseagulliswhite,wewanttochangeittoblue

• DraginsetSeagullColor fromtheprocedurestabandselectCustomTextString

• Fillin“Blue”• WestillwanttoreturnaColortype,sodraginthereturnstatementfromthebottombar,andselectBLUE

• (pictureonnextslide)

Page 38: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Yourcodeshouldlooklikethis

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Weareonefourthofthewaythere

• Iftheseagulliswhite,wewantittobeblue• Ifitisblue,changetored• Ifred,changetogreen• Ifgreen,changebacktowhite

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Draganotherifblockundertheelseandrepeatasbefore

• Thistime,selectTextString Comparisonà ???contentEquals ???à this.seagullColoràCustomTextString andfillin“Blue”

• DraginsetSeagullColor andfillin“Red”• ReturnRED

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Draganotherifstatementundertheelse

• Thistime,selectTextString Comparisonà ???contentEquals ???à this.seagullColoràCustomTextString andfillin“Red”

• DraginsetSeagullColor andfillin“Green”• ReturnGREEN• Undertheelse– DraginsetSeagullColor andfillin“White”– ReturnWHITE

Page 42: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is
Page 43: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Weonlywantthistohappeniftheseagullisclickedon

• GototheinitializeEventListeners function• ClickonAddEventListener

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SelectMouseàaddMouseClickOnObjectListener

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Thislisteneristruewheneveryouclickonanyobject,butwewantittobe

trueforonly theseagull

• ClickonadddetailàsetOfVisualsàCustomArray

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Addthis.seagull totheVisualarray

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Draginseagull’ssetPaint methodandselectBLACK

• Thiswillchangetheseagull’scolortoblack• ButwewanttowantchangeittothecolorreturnedbychangeColor

• DragthechangeColor functionoverBLACK

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Runyourworld!Whenyouclickontheseagull,itshouldcyclethroughcolors

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PART3

• Createasnowmanfunction• Createasnowmanvariabletokeeptrackofcolor

• Changethesnowmancolorinresponsetothevalueofarandomvariable– Ifthenumberis1,wewantittobered– Ifitis2,changetoblue– If3,changetogreen– If4,changetowhite

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Startbycreatinganewsnowmanfunction

• Clickonthedropdownmenu• SnowmanàAddSnowmanfunction

Page 51: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Likebefore,setthereturntypetoOthertypesà Color

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NamethefunctionchangeColorRandom

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Wewanttoclickalocalrandomnumbervariable

• Selectvariablefromthebottombar• Dragintothefunction

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• Forvaluetype,selectWholeNumber• Forname,fillincolorNumber• Forinitializer,pick1

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Butwedon’twantthevaluetobeone,wewantthevaluetobearandom

number• Under1,selectRandomànextRandomIntegerFromAUpToAndIncludingB ???,???à1àCustomWholeNumber

• Wewantthenumberstobebetween1and4,sowhenthecustomnumbercalculatorpopsup,pick4

• Seenextslideforimages

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Page 57: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Yourcodeshouldlooklikethis

Nextdraginan ifblockandselecttrue

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Undertrue,selectRelational(WholeNumber)à???==???à

colorNumberà1

Thisbasicallysays“ifcolorNumber =1”

Page 59: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

IfcolorNumber is1,wewanttoreturnred

Page 60: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Repeatforthefollowing

• IfcolorNumber==2returnBlue

• IfcolorNumber==3returnGreen

• ElsereturnWhite

• Giveitatrybeforeyoulookatthecodeonthenextslide!

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Page 62: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Wewantthesnowmantochangecolorwhenweclickit

• GotoinitializeEventListeners• PickmouseàobjectListener• AdddetailàsetofVisuals

àcustomArray

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Addthis.snowMan totheVisualarray

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DraginsetPaint andselectBLACK,thendraginchangeColorRandom over

it

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Runyourcode!

• Doesitwork?• Howwouldweknow?• Whatifwehavethesnowmansaytherandomnumber,sowecancheck

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GobacktochangeColorRandom• Draginsayandselect“hello”• Thenunder“hello”,select???+???àCustomTextStringàWholeNumberà colorNumber

• BecausecolorNumber isaNumbertypeandnotaStringtype,itdoesnotcomeupasanoptiontosay

• ButifwesayawordandthentackoncolorNumber,Alicewilltotheconversion

• IlefttheCustomTextString blank,butyoucouldalsofillinsomethingalongthelinesof“Therandomnumberis”.Justmakesureyouendwithanextraspace!

Page 67: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is
Page 68: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Runyourcodeandmatchupthenumberthesnowmantellsyouwith

thecolorheturns

Whatifwewanttofind outwhatcolorthesnowmanturns?

Page 69: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Part4

• Writeafunctiontoreturnthecurrentcolorofthesnowman

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Addanewsnowmanfunction

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MakethereturntypeTextString andthenamegetNameOfColor

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Nowweneedtocreatethevariable.GotoSnowmanàadd snowman

property• Valuetype=TextString• Name=snowmanColor• Initializer =White

Page 73: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

ForthesnowmanColor variabletohavetherightvariable,wehaveto

changeitwiththecolor• GotochangeColorRandom and,beforethereturnstatement,draginsetSnowmanColorandtype“Red”

• Dothesamefortheotherthreecolors

Page 74: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is
Page 75: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

GobacktogetNameOfColor

• Allweneedtodoisreturnthepropertywejustmade

• DraginareturnandselectsnowmanColor

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Nowtohaveacharactersayit

• Sincewealreadyhavethesnowmansayingtherandomnumber,wewillhavethebunnysaythecolor

• Notethateventhoughthefunctionisthesnowman’s,otherobjectscanuseit

• GototheinitializeEventListeners function

Page 77: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Wewantthebunnytosaythecoloreverytimethesnowmanturnscolor• DragasaystatementdirectlyunderthesnowmansetPaint line

• Pick“hello”• Thenunderhelloselect???+???àCustomTextStringà “hello”

Page 78: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is
Page 79: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

• Forthecustomtext,type“Thesnowmanis”• Makesuretoleaveaspaceafter“is”!• ThenselectsnowmanfromtheleftdropdownmenuanddraggetNameOfColor over“hello”

Page 80: Comparing objects and changing color · • Create an Alice world and add objects • Create a scene function that can be used to ... value of a random variable –If the number is

Runyourprogram!

• Clickonthesnowmanandwatchthebunnytellyouhiscolor!


Create Basic 3d Objects Acdmac

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What Is Alice? - Duke UniversityRodger/Talks/DurhamTech05handout.pdfThe Power of Alice • Automatically keeps track of 3-D objects – What objects are in the virtual world – Types

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P ROTOTYPE P ATTERN Intent: Specify the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical instance, and create new objects by copying this prototype.

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Finch 4 Alice: A Visual Interface for Programming the ... Fisher.pdf · University CREATE Lab, and the Alice Project Team, for producing Alice and the Finch robot. I also extend heartfelt

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Creating a 3D Interactive Story Now Create an Alice World · Creating a 3D Interactive Story Prof. Susan Rodger Duke University Feb. 24, 2007 Now Create an Alice World e Act•Siralt

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AUTOCAD Training€¢ Draw shapes and lines to create isometrik paintings • Change objects • create and use array • Organize objects and layers • reuse content with block •

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Alice - cs.duke.edu · Creating an Event in Alice ‐Now we are going to show you how to create an event in Alice. ‐An event is something that you tell Alice to do after something

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Chapter 8 Objects and Classes - Emory Universitydsavenk/courses/cs170/lectures/08... · 2013-04-03 · To demonstrate how to define classes and create objects (§8.3). To create objects

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Alice in Action with Java Chapter 6 Events. Alice in Action with Java2 Objectives Create new events in Alice Create handler methods for Alice events Use.

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Introduction to Alice....Introduction to Alice. A little about Alice. Alice is a wonderful place where you can learn how to program. You can create worlds with tons of methods, events

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