Community Organizing & Bulding for Disaster Mitigation-caring power & social capital-

22nd APAN in Singapore

Shinobu SakuraiMie University, School of NursingCommunity Nursing

Foundation of Comprehensive Disaster Science　 (Field Study in Thailand on

December 7, 2005. ) Primary care (to keeping basic human need &

health ) Psychotherapy (to keeping spirits for survive) City planning :architecture, civil engineering (to

back to normal life style) Urgent installation on network after disaster:

field server development (to monitoring & analyzing data)

GIS for disaster (to share the data for safety measure)

SOI ASIA the 1st delivery contents

multidiciplinary approach for victims

Destruction of person, thing, and environment over wide range that exceeds adjustment limit of community

Destruction of a serious social function

　　　　

ⅡⅡ.The throughput in the area is exceeded, .The throughput in the area is exceeded, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ReRe ｓｓ cure & relief from the outside of an area cure & relief from the outside of an area is requiredis required..

ⅢⅢ. . Emergency with many disaster victims Emergency with many disaster victims

ⅠⅠ.occurring in the limited area for a short span.occurring in the limited area for a short span 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　 The definition of disaster

The difference between usual emergency

care and disaster medical treatment

Demand < Medical resources

Care for an individual life support is priority.

Demand > Medical resources

There are large number of people who need the basic life support priority.

In the case of emergency In the case of disaster medical treatment

The difference between a Kobe earthquake and a Niigata earthquake

Niigata earthquake Great Hanshin Earthquake The

classification of disaster

A district type and middle Mountain

City type

Feature Isolated social + 　　　　 aged society

Aged society

Feature Death in the car Related death

Death toll 40 (man : 16 woman : 24) Related death 60.0%

Death in the train Nine persons

6443 (man: the 552　　　　　　　　　 daughter :

919) Related death 14.3%

Refuge person

(maximum)

103,000 317,000

The purpose of countermeasures against calamities

1. A human life is protected.

2. Property is kept.

3. A daily life living and business are rebuilt quickly.

4. The prior measure for making damage minimum.

　

　

A Comprehensive Approach to a Disaster Situation

< Three Factors to be attended >

Infrastructure

CommunityIndividual/Family

　　 Social Capital

About a social capital

The common norm and common sense of values which make easy cooperation between the inside of a group, or a group, the network accompanied by an understanding

Social reliance

Network The norm

A

B C

The conventional network

(Shared-territorial-bonding organization etc.)

The element of subject discovery power

The leadership coordinator element which performs production of human relations

The element of the public space for communication

A

B C

Disaster prevention plan

Warning term

An acute term

1~2 months

A subacute term 1~6 months

Chronic term 2~3years

Calm term

Phase 0:24H Grasp of disaster victims Emergency measure

Phase 1:72H f a stricken area Actual condition of assistance & support Aid and prediction to the exterior Prevention of secondary disaster Uneasy removal

Phase 2 : Up to 4 days ~ 2 weeks Management of a shelter : Health, life, etc.

Disaster cycle The reparation of disaster training and a stockpile

The reparation of disaster training and a stockpile

The preparation of disaster 　Disaster education and training

The preparation of disaster 　Disaster education and training

warning systemRefuge preparation first aids & emergency care

warning systemRefuge preparation first aids & emergency care Phase 3:3rd week ~ 2 months

Makeshift house moving Healthy management Production of a new community

Long term Mental care

Assistance of daily living

Local reorganization support

Community organizing & rebuilding for disaster mitigation

1. determination of the window at the time of disaster (one place) Selection of the main person in charge at the time of disaster Administration, medical treatment, welfare, a lifeline, etc. All the groups that exist in a community

Administration

Medical treatment

Welfare

Water supply

Gas

Electricity

Association Residents’ association

Information

３３ , making the , making the medical & health medical & health care system for care system for disaster emergency : disaster emergency : connection and connection and cooperation of cooperation of medicalmedical 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 institutions institutions and welfare facilities and welfare facilities

２２ , , Holding of the liaison 　　　　　 committee of a 　　　　 headquarters of each department and each person in charge of groups

４ . Background grasp of a citizen and creation of a

registration procedures 　　　(background: such as a state of 　past history and a house, family structure, vulnerable groups in

disaster, etc.)

５ . saving food, clothing and shelter

He is a person with a high support priority at the time of disaster.

C: Children E: Elderly people H: Handicapped C: Chronically ill T: Tourist

Who are vulnerable groups in disaster

Those who have a handicap in physically 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Elderly people, a physically handicapped person, a sick person, infants, etc. Those who have a handicap in information is

exchanged A visually impaired person, a hearing-impaired person, foreigner, etc.

Those who have a handicap in understanding and judgment

　 A mentally handicapped person, infants, etc.

How important social capital in community is!

Relief and rescue　　 Importance of a community and independence disaster prevention Refuge life　　 Management and operating shelter, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　 practical use of a community Disaster-victim support　 A makeshift house, affliction proof, disaster volunteer inauguration Restoration and revival　 Joint work with residents, such as city planning conference of revival Disaster measures 　　 "the prior measure from post to correspondence" 　　 "the paradigm shift top-down to bottom up"

The Key concept for making the strong community as a social capital

Mission & Passion