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COMMUNITY HEALTH AND THEEXPANDED PROGRAM ONIMMUNIZATION

By: Hoang Tran

PCM II

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Expanded Program on Immunization

(EPI)

The program was launched in July 1976 by

the Department of Health in cooperation withthe WHO and UNICEF

The original objective was to reduce the

morbidity and mortality among infants and

children due to the six immunizable diseases

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Six Immunizable Diseases

1. Primary Complex

2. Diptheria3. Pertussis

4. Polio

5. Measles6. Tetanus

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Program Principles

The program is based on the epidemiologic studies the immunization schedules are based on the occurrence and

characteristics of the epidemiological features of the diseases

The whole community is the target of EPI Mass approach, not individuals based

Immunization is a basic health service and as such it

is considered the first line health unit

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Elements of EPI

Use of healthcare process to evaluate the

program performanceUse surveillance and epidemiological

approaches

Education and Information based

Cold chain management

Target setting

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Legal Codes Related to EPI

PPC No.996 (September 16, 1976) – Compulsory immunization for children below the age of 

eight

PPC No. 6 (April 3, 1986) – UN’s goal to dessimentate Universal Child Immunization by

1990

PPC No. 46 (September 16, 1992) – Reaffirming the commitment of the Philippines to the

universal Child and Mother Immunization goal of the World

Health Assembly

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Legal Codes Related to EPI

PPC No. 147 (March 3, 1993) – Declared in April 21 and May 19, 1993 and every third

Wednesday of January and February thereafter, for 2 years,as National Immunization Days

RA 7846 (December 30, 1994) – Compulsory hepatitis B for children below eight years old

PP No. 773 (March 28, 1996) – Declaring April 17 and May 15, 1996 and every 3rd 

Wednesday of April and May from 1996 to 2000 as “Knock

Out Polio Days”

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Legal Codes Related to EPI

PP No. 1066 (August 26, 1997) –

National Tetanus Elimination starting 1997 PP No. 1064 (August 27, 1997)

 – All sectors are invited to join the eradication of 

polio in the Philippines

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Immunization Schedule for Infants

Vaccine Min Age at1st dose

Doses Mininterval

Reasons

BCG Birth or  anytime after 

birth

1 Protectinfection from

family

DPT 6 weeks 3 4weeks

Reduces thechance of 

severepertussis

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Immunization Schedule for Infants

accine Min Age at 1

st

 dose Doses Mininterval Reasons

OPV 6 weeks 3 4 wks. Protection againstpolio

Hepa. B 6 weeks 3 4 wks. Reduces chancesof being infected

Measles 9 months 1 80% of measles

can be preventedat this age.

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Fully Immunized Children

Child is considered fully immunized if he or 

she completed 1 dose of BCG,3 dose of hepa B, 3 dose of DPT,3 dose of OPV and 1

dose of measles before reaching the 1st 

birthday

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THANK YOU