Community functioning 1 / 2 production, decomposition, nutrient cycling
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Community functioning 1/ 2 production, decomposition, nutrient cycling Biotic structure rank-dominance curves, life-history traits Human behavior (land use) Q Q Ecosystem services food, pest/disease control, erosion control, soil fertility Q Long-term “press” N deposition, species invasions, temperature Short-term “pulse” e.g., fire, storms Q Ecosystem Q ISSE Initiative: Integrative Science for Society and Environment
description
ISSE Initiative: Integrative Science for Society and Environment. Ecosystem. Biotic structure rank-dominance curves, life-history traits. Long-term “press” N deposition, species invasions, temperature Short-term “pulse” e.g., fire, storms. Human behavior (land use). Q. Q. Q. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Community functioning 1 / 2 production, decomposition, nutrient cycling
Communityfunctioning1/ 2 production,decomposition,nutrient cycling
Biotic structurerank-dominance curves,
life-history traits
Human behavior
(land use)
QQ QQ
Ecosystem servicesfood, pest/disease control,erosion control, soil fertility
Long-term “press”N deposition, species
invasions, temperature
Short-term “pulse”e.g., fire, storms
Ecosystem
ISSE Initiative: Integrative Science for Society and Environment
Overarching Question(relates to all of the arrows/questions in conceptual
diagram)
• How do changes in human populations and behavior, climate, biogeochemical cycles and biotic structure interact to affect and respond to ecosystem dynamics and their services to society?
• How do press and pulse disturbances generate offsetting or complementary changes in ecosystem services across ecosystems?
Fundamental questionFundamental question Research objectives /Research objectives /
Specific questionsSpecific questions
Example approachesExample approaches
(Site poll, other ideas)(Site poll, other ideas)
Potential Potential sitessites
Q: Which human actions influence availability of resources and disturbance regimes across ecosystem types?
Q: What shapes human behavior with regard to ecosystems?
A. Quantifying changes in resources across continental scales?
B. Identify which human actions translate into press versus pulse disturbances across different ecosystems?
C. What are the directions (or predicted directions) of change?
D. Which elements of human institutions incentive structures lead to those actions?
Land use
Water use
Extraction
Energy use
Fertilization
Q: How do long-term press disturbances & short-term pulse disturbances interact to alter ecosystem structure & function?
A. How do changes in resource availability interact with pulse events to alter biotic structure?
B. How does land use change interact with other press/pulse disturbances?
C. How do storms and SST or sea level rise interact In coastal systems?
Presses: sea level rise, nutrient enrichment, greenhouse warming, invasive species, land use, precip, global cycles
Pulses: storms, fires, drought, land use, extinctions
Q: How can biotic structure be both a cause and consequence of ecological fluxes of energy & matter?
A. How does ecosystem productivity and ecosystem structure exhibit reciprocal feedbacks in space and time?
B. How do those feedbacks change in response to the pulse/press manipulations?
Manipulate limiting resource and species diversity simultaneously.
Dominant species manipulation (removal/addition)
Fundamental questionFundamental question Research objectives /Research objectives /
Specific questionsSpecific questions
Example approachesExample approaches
(Site poll, other ideas)(Site poll, other ideas)
Potential Potential sitessites
Q: How do altered ecosystem dynamics affect ecosystem services?
A. Identify from where are we deriving ecosystem services across difference ecosystems
B. Are their threshold responses in ecosystem change that dramatically alter ecosystem services?
Q: How do changes in vital ecosystem services feed back to alter human behavior?
A. Which ecosystem services are valued more highly in one ecosystem versus another?
B. Which losses of ecosystem services lead to the biggest decrease in value?
C. How does the value of ecosystem services change over space and time?
D. How do small or dramatic changes in ecosystem services cause changes in human institutions and incentives?
E. How does information about ecosystem services impact understanding and valuation of ecosystem services?
What is the relative influence of ecosystem services vs. other socioeconomic drivers (trade transport corridors, employment opps., cost of living) for human distribution and behavior?
