Communist Manifesto Communist Manifesto “ A spectre is haunting Europe.......” all prior history...
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Transcript of Communist Manifesto Communist Manifesto “ A spectre is haunting Europe.......” all prior history...
Communist Communist ManifestoManifesto
“ “ A spectre is haunting Europe.......”A spectre is haunting Europe.......”
all prior history - “ the history of class all prior history - “ the history of class struggles’struggles’
ancient, medieval, modern reveal ancient, medieval, modern reveal class struggleclass struggle
struggle now focused on two struggle now focused on two antagonistic classes - bourgeoisie and antagonistic classes - bourgeoisie and proletariansproletarians
bourgeoisie - product of revolutions in bourgeoisie - product of revolutions in commerce, industry, global commerce, industry, global expansion of marketsexpansion of markets
BourgeoisieBourgeoisieBourgeoisie has destroyed all Bourgeoisie has destroyed all earlier feudal relations - only cash earlier feudal relations - only cash nexus remains; brutal exploitationnexus remains; brutal exploitation
family, religion, law - all reflect family, religion, law - all reflect exchange valuesexchange values
constant change in modes of constant change in modes of production characteristic of production characteristic of bourgeois erabourgeois era
world market created - world market created - globalization today?globalization today?
remake world in bourgeois imageremake world in bourgeois image
Bourgeoisie and Bourgeoisie and PropertyProperty
concentration of property, concentration of property, means of production in hands of means of production in hands of bourgeoisiebourgeoisie
new productive forces new productive forces unleashed by Industrial unleashed by Industrial Revolution undermined feudal Revolution undermined feudal political economypolitical economy
excess in production, threat to excess in production, threat to bourgeoisie - solution: destroy bourgeoisie - solution: destroy productive forces; new marketsproductive forces; new markets
development of bourgeois development of bourgeois dominated world gives rise to dominated world gives rise to proletariansproletarians
ProletariansProletarians
laborers who sell themselves piece-laborers who sell themselves piece-meal - a commodity; an appendage meal - a commodity; an appendage of the machineof the machine
increasing exploitation of proletarian increasing exploitation of proletarian - diminishing wages; ever more - diminishing wages; ever more miserable conditionsmiserable conditions
lower middle class sucked down into lower middle class sucked down into proletariatproletariat
struggle begins against bourgeoisie - struggle begins against bourgeoisie - trade unions are formedtrade unions are formed
Proletarians - New Proletarians - New ClassClassproletarian legislative gains; proletarian legislative gains; enlightened elements of bourgeoisie enlightened elements of bourgeoisie join proletariat in their strugglejoin proletariat in their struggle
proletariat now defined as a truly proletariat now defined as a truly revolutionary classrevolutionary class
proletarian has been stripped of proletarian has been stripped of property, family, nationality. Law, property, family, nationality. Law, morality, religion appear simply as morality, religion appear simply as bourgeois prejudicesbourgeois prejudices
proletarians now represent vast proletarians now represent vast majority - revolution inevitable; majority - revolution inevitable; bourgeoisie overthrownbourgeoisie overthrown
Proletarians and Proletarians and CommunistsCommunistsbourgeoisie produce their own bourgeoisie produce their own grave-diggersgrave-diggers
communists represent the communists represent the international proletariatinternational proletariat
communists most advanced communists most advanced segment of the working class; their segment of the working class; their aim: seize political poweraim: seize political power
communists desire to abolish communists desire to abolish bourgeois propertybourgeois property
capital is a collective product and capital is a collective product and must become a social powermust become a social power
Communism and Communism and SocietySociety
communism abolishes the system communism abolishes the system where labor exists simply to where labor exists simply to increase capital - now labor widens increase capital - now labor widens and enriches the existence of and enriches the existence of laborerlaborer
human person regains his/her sense human person regains his/her sense of individuality - end to alienationof individuality - end to alienation
labor no longer subjugated to capitallabor no longer subjugated to capital
bourgeois notions of law, culture, bourgeois notions of law, culture, marriage, family, education, marriage, family, education, replaced by new communist mode replaced by new communist mode of social relationsof social relations
Communism and Communism and NationalityNationality
““The working men have no country”The working men have no country”
hostility between nations will cease as hostility between nations will cease as a consequence of proletarian victorya consequence of proletarian victory
man’s consciousness changes with man’s consciousness changes with every change in the conditions of his every change in the conditions of his material existencematerial existence
ideology reflects the dominance of the ideology reflects the dominance of the ruling classruling class
communism abolishes all “eternal communism abolishes all “eternal truths” - radical rupture with truths” - radical rupture with traditional ideastraditional ideas
New Communist WorldNew Communist World
all instruments of production all instruments of production centralized in Statecentralized in State
property, banks, land, property, banks, land, transportation, factories,transportation, factories,
education - free for alleducation - free for all
working class abolishes its working class abolishes its own supremacy as a classown supremacy as a class
state will wither awaystate will wither away
Reactionary SocialismReactionary Socialismfeudal socialism and petty bourgeois feudal socialism and petty bourgeois socialism rejected by Marx and Engelssocialism rejected by Marx and Engels
bourgeois socialism - reformist. bourgeois socialism - reformist. Socialism without revolution. “a Socialism without revolution. “a bourgeoisie without a proletariat”bourgeoisie without a proletariat”
Marx also rejects utopian socialism as Marx also rejects utopian socialism as represented by Saint-Simon, Fourier, represented by Saint-Simon, Fourier, and Owen - yet, critical elements shape and Owen - yet, critical elements shape consciousness of working classconsciousness of working class
communists form alliances with communists form alliances with progressive groups. Germany - progressive groups. Germany - bourgeois then proletarian revolutionbourgeois then proletarian revolution