Communication and Communication and Communication ProcessCommunication Process

By: Dr. rajat patelBy: Dr. rajat patel

MBA-HA 1MBA-HA 1stst semester semester

Derived from Latin word “communis”,meaning to share,exchange,transmit or relate.

It is conveying of information from one person to another – Hudson.

It is an exchange of facts,ideas,opinions or emotions by two or more persons –G.Terry

It may be defined as any interchange of ideas,information,feeling & emotions among two or more person in a way that they share a common understanding about it.

Communication

Communication always happen between or among two or more parties i.e Sender & Receiver, i.e it’s a two way process.

Communication involves any exchange of facts, ideas, opinions, emotions or thoughts.

Communication uses verbal ways like words spoken or written, or non-verbal ways like gestures, postures, etc.

Communication needs a mutuality of understanding between sender & receiver.

Characteristics of Communication

Communication processCommunication process

Eg. Of simple communication:Eg. Of simple communication: SourceSource-- student student Encoding-they are Encoding-they are

asking what the things asking what the things are?are?

Channel-verbal, face Channel-verbal, face to faceto face

Decoding-teacher Decoding-teacher understood the understood the question.question.

Receiver-teacherReceiver-teacher Feedback-that these Feedback-that these

are hills and are are hills and are important for nature.important for nature.

These are hills and mountains.they are important

for our nature

What are these?

Coding and Decoding of Message

Different types of Different types of communicationcommunication

Verbal communication: This includes Verbal communication: This includes communication through speech. It may communication through speech. It may be face to face, telephonic, public be face to face, telephonic, public speeches, meetings, e-mail, etc.speeches, meetings, e-mail, etc.

Non verbal communication: It is Non verbal communication: It is communication by means other than communication by means other than words. It includes getures, use of signs words. It includes getures, use of signs and symbols and body language.and symbols and body language.

Non verbal communicationsNon verbal communicationsParalanguage:-it includes Pitch Paralanguage:-it includes Pitch

variation, Volume,Speed and Pause, variation, Volume,Speed and Pause, etc.etc.

Gestures and Body Language – Hand Gestures and Body Language – Hand movements, Facial expressions, etc.movements, Facial expressions, etc.

Signs and symbols: Signs and symbols:

This indicates danger.

This is sign for no smoking

This symbol indicates law, justice

and supreme authority.

Non-Verbal Communication

Barriers to communication processBarriers to communication process

Context issues : Eg. Noise, distance etc.Context issues : Eg. Noise, distance etc. Semantic barriers : Eg. improper Semantic barriers : Eg. improper

vocabulary, language barrier, cultural vocabulary, language barrier, cultural differences. These are the barriers in differences. These are the barriers in encoding.encoding.

Barriers in decoding: Eg. preconceived Barriers in decoding: Eg. preconceived notions, emotions, tone of the speaker etc.notions, emotions, tone of the speaker etc.

Organizational barrier: Eg. Rules and Organizational barrier: Eg. Rules and regulation, hierarchy etc.regulation, hierarchy etc.

Physical barriers:Physical barriers: e.g.. :-noise e.g.. :-noise

In 1990 Colombian pilots told In 1990 Colombian pilots told controllers as they neared New York controllers as they neared New York Kennedy Airport that their Boeing Kennedy Airport that their Boeing 707 was “ running low on fuel.” 707 was “ running low on fuel.” controllers hear those words all the controllers hear those words all the time, so they took no special action. time, so they took no special action. Although the pilots knew there was a Although the pilots knew there was a serious problem, they failed to use – serious problem, they failed to use – ” fuel emergency .” The people at ” fuel emergency .” The people at Kennedy never understood the true Kennedy never understood the true nature of the pilots problem. The jet nature of the pilots problem. The jet ran out of fuel and crashed. 73 ran out of fuel and crashed. 73 people died.people died.

Semantic barrier-Semantic barrier-use of improper wordsuse of improper words

Semantic barrier:-Semantic barrier:-Intonations: it’s the way you say it !Intonations: it’s the way you say it !

Why don’t I take Why don’t I take you you to dinner tonight?to dinner tonight?Why don’t Why don’t II take you to dinner tonight? take you to dinner tonight?Why Why don’t I take you to dinner tonight?don’t I take you to dinner tonight?Why don’t I take you toWhy don’t I take you to dinner dinner tonight? tonight?Why don’t I take you to dinner Why don’t I take you to dinner tonighttonight??

Organizational barrierOrganizational barrier

Poor structure to the communicationPoor structure to the communication A weak deliveryA weak delivery The use of the wrong medium to deliver The use of the wrong medium to deliver

the communicationthe communication A mixed messageA mixed message The message is delivered to the wrong The message is delivered to the wrong

audienceaudience A distracting environmentA distracting environment Due to hierarchical chain of communicationDue to hierarchical chain of communication

Eg.:- ofEg.:- of organizational barrierorganizational barrier

The use of the wrong medium :-The use of the wrong medium :-

You have to announce a temporary hold on You have to announce a temporary hold on non-essential stationery spending in your non-essential stationery spending in your department. How do you communicate this?department. How do you communicate this?

Due to hierarchical differentiation:-Due to hierarchical differentiation:-

Interaction between:Interaction between:

a]Dr. and a nursea]Dr. and a nurse

b]Doctorsb]Doctors

c]nursesc]nurses

Psychological barrierPsychological barriereg.:-selective perceptioneg.:-selective perception

If employee perceives management If employee perceives management as unfair, they interpret management as unfair, they interpret management in that light. when the management in that light. when the management announces the need to cut cost in announces the need to cut cost in order to enable company to compete order to enable company to compete in a declining market, workers may in a declining market, workers may perceive it as one more management perceive it as one more management attempt to introduce one or other attempt to introduce one or other efficiency device or to retime the job.efficiency device or to retime the job.

““Good communication is as Good communication is as stimulating as black coffee, and just stimulating as black coffee, and just as hard to sleep after .”as hard to sleep after .”

--Anne MorrowAnne Morrow

THANK U!THANK U!