Communication over MV and LV power lines, Prague October 5 – 6, 20061/70 Budapest University of...

Communication over MV and LV power lines, Prague October 5 – 6, 2006 1/70

Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Department of Electric Power EngineeringPower Systems and Environment Group

Prof. György VARJÚ

Communication over MV and LV power linesPerspectives of application PLC/BPL technologies in Central and Eastern Europe

Investigations and applications of PLC Technology in Hungary


Subjects:

PLC/BPL investigations

Laboratory investigations in one-to-one scale network

Site investigations on RBS LV feeder line

Actual site trial

PLC/BPL applications in Hungary


Aim and scope

Capability of a given PLC technology for a given (reference) network condition

Transmission quality of a given network for a given (reference) PLC technology

Identification of:


Laborartry investigations

Laboratory infrastructure

Investigations made

Content:



Rack system:

• Four layered vertical rack system with spacing 40 cm

• Rectangular layout, perimeter 30 m each

• 14 turns 4x95+25mm2 AASC cable (420 m full length)

• Both-end access at the measuring room

• Accessible at each corner for connection


Laboratory investigations

Infrastructure of the PLT Laboratory

Used disturbance sources

Features of the used PLC devices

Network configurations

Test results

“Some Strange Result”


Rack system

Corners



Connections



Laboratory infrastructureDecoupling device to the LV network


- Three phase fluorescent lamps

- Drill with speed regulator

- Compact fluorescent lamps (1phase)

- Normal incandescent lamps with dimmer

Demonstration of laboratory tests

Disturbance sources:


• OFDM modulation• max. 768 carrier downstream• max. 512 carrier upstream• Programmable carrier power profile• Continuous channel SNR monitoring • Adaptive bit rate adjustment• 4 frequency bands: 2 - 4.5 MHz

5.6 - 8.1 MHz10 - 12.5 MHz15 - 17.5 MHz

Based on DS2 technology

Demonstration of laboratory tests

Features of the one of the tested PLC System


Demonstration of laboratory test Tested PLC System

Costumer Premises Equipment

Ilevo CPE LR100

Transformer Premises EquipmentIlevo TPE LR1000

Intermediate RepeaterIlevo IR LR1100


Demonstration of laboratory tests Tested Device: CPE (Customer Prenise Equipment, modems

Properties:

• 45/36 Mbps data transfer rate• up to 400 m coverage• Ethernet & USB connection• Configurable via SNMP • Data and VoIP services

Ilevo CPE LR 100


Properties:

• 45/36 Mbps data transfer rate• up to 400 m coverage• up to 63 CPE’s or IR’s• Ethernet & RS232 connection• Configurable via SNMP • Data and VoIP services

Ilevo TPE LR 1000

Demonstration of laboratory test Tested Device: TPE (Transformer Prenise Equipment)


TPE - Repeater pathCable length: 420 mSignal injection: Phase - NeutralSignal detection: Phase - Neutral

T PE

AN

R e p e a te r

C PET PE

Bac k b one

L1,L2,L3 + N

L3 + NL3 + N

Spec t. anal .

4 2 0 m

Demonstration of laboratory test Network configuration: no.1


Upload: 694 kByte/s @ 16 MHzDownload: 418 kByte/s @ 11 MHz

Upload: 285 kByte/s @ 11 MHzDownload: 446 kByte/s @ 16 MHz

Demonstration of laboratory test Results: no.1

Data rates (measured by FTP transfer):


TPE - Repeater - CPE pathCable length: 420 mSignal injection: Phase - NeutralSignal detection: Phase - Neutral

T PE

AN

R e pe a te r

C PET PEC PE

Bac k b one

L1,L2,L3 + N

L3 + NL3 + NL3 + N

Spec t. anal .

4 20 m

L3 + N

Demonstration of laboratory tests Network configuration: no.2


Upload: 359 kByte/s @ 16/7 MHzDownload: 174 kByte/s @ 11/3 MHz



Demonstration of laboratory test Results: no.2


TPE - Repeater - CPE pathCable length: 390 + 30 mSignal injection: Phase - PhaseSignal detection: Phase - Neutral

T PE

AN

R epea te r

C PET PEC PE

Bac k b one

L1,L2,L3 + N

L2 + L3L2 + L3L2 + L3

Spec t. anal .

390 m30 m

L3 + N

Demonstration of laboratory test Network configuration: no.3





Demonstration of laboratory tests Results: no.3


T PE

AN

C PE

Bac k b one

Spec t. anal .

C PE C PE

C PE

L3 + N

L1 + N

L2 + NL1 + N

L3 + N

1 2 0m 1 9 0m

1 2 0m

3 0 m

U: 501 kByte/s

D: 234 kByte/s

U: 193 kByte/s

D: 200 kByte/s U: 230 kByte/s

D: 148 kByte/s

U: 526 kByte/s

D: 330 kByte/s

U: 11 MHZD: 16 MHz

Demonstration of laboratory test Network configuration: site trial simulation

Data rates (measured by FTP transfer)


Demonstration of laboratory test

Conducted disturbances due to compact fluorescent lamps

AN

Spec t. anal .

C F Lamp

Test with two classes of CF:

- Low quality (cheap) lamps stopped the communication, although all of them have CE sign

- High quality (more expensive) lamps never produced this effect)


Disturbance of CF lamps


Demonstration of laboratory test

“Strange” results

During the tests we have experienced some strange things, and we examined their source

This is not belonging to the normal PLT operation, but it was worthy to investigate them.


TPE

CPE

AN

Spect. anal.

AN

Spect. anal.

30m

30m

40cm

„Wireless” PLT

20dB@ 7MHz25dB@ 16MHZ

30dB@ 3MHz40dB@ 11MHZ

Attenuation

Upload: 340 kByte/s @ 3MHzDownload: 550 kByte/s @ 7MHzUpload: 520 kByte/s @ 11MHzDownload: 766 kByte/s @ 16MHz


C PE

C PE

C PE C PE

T PE

4x 95 + 25m m ² AASC

4x 95 + 25m m ² AASC

3x 95 + 35m m ² M L/-30/95 m m ² AASC

3x 95 + 35m m ² M L/-30/95 m m ² AASC

H ous e c onnec tion

20 k V 0.4 k V

R ou te r xD SL

100 m

70 m

160 m 110 m

Actual Site TrialLV network configuration


Effect of network elements for CPE at different distances


Effect of network elements Investigated network configuration


Effect of network elements Investigated network conditions

Reference condition (no „disturbing” elemetnts)

Compact lamp at different network locations

Over-current switch (breaker) of different type

Energy (kWh) meter of different type


Effect of network elements Reference condition

7,253

12,51

2,447

7,128

4,193

5,53

2,537

4,217

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Let

ölt

ési

seb

essé

g [

Mb

it/s

]

0 62 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Samba és FTP összehasonlítása I.

Samba

FTP

Download rate for CPEs at different distances

Comparison of transfer rate for FTP and Samba (SMB) protocols



Upload rate for CPEs at different distances

Comparison of transfer rate for FTP and Samba (SMB) protocols

3,678

6,109

0,5370,728 0,731 0,651

0,296 0,266

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fe

ltö

lté

si s

eb

es

sé

g [

Mb

it/s

]

0 62 124 217

Kivezetések [m]

Samba és FTP összehasonlítása II.

Samba

FTP



Rates of FTP protocol for CPEs at different distances

Comparison of download and upload rates for FTP protocol

12,51

6,109

11,444

2,056

7,128

0,728

7,536

2,2

5,53

0,651

4,217

0,266

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Átv

iteli

seb

ess

ég

[M

bit

/s]

0 31 62 93 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Adatátvitel FTP-vel zavar nélkül

Download

Upload


Effect of network elements Effect of compact lamps

Download rates of for CPEs at different distances

Parameter: distance of the place of lamp from TE

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Le

tölt

és

i s

eb

es

sé

g [

Mb

it/s

]

0 62 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Kompakt fénycső hatása a letöltési sebességre

Zavar nélkül

Fénycső 0m-en

Fénycső 62m-en

Fénycső 124m-en

Fénycső 217m-en



Upload rates of for CPEs at different distances

Parameter: distance of the place of lamp from TE

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fel

tölt

ési s

ebes

ség

[M

bit

/s]

0 62 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Kompakt fénycső hatása a feltöltési sebességre

Zavar nélkül

Fénycső 0m-en

Fénycső 62m-en

Fénycső 124m-en

Fénycső 217m-en



The rate declines primary at the lamp location

The relative decline does not depend on the lamp location

Lamp located at the TE declines the transmission rate very significantly

Conclusions:


Effect of network elements Effect of over-current breaker (switch)

Hungarian made (Bakony works):

rated current 10 A, (Type: 7510-0)

rated current 16 A, (Type: ED 268P)

Siemens made:

rated current 63 A, (tree phase type)

rated current 25 A, (single phase type)

Types of the switches:


Effect of network elements Effect of over-current switch


Parameter: typ of the switches

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Le

tölt

és

i se

bes

sé

g [

Mb

it/s

]

0 31 62 93 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Kismegszakítók hatása a letöltési sebességre

Megszakító nélkül

Bakony 10A

ED 16A

Siemens 63A

Siemens 25A


Effect of network elements Effect of over-current switch


Parameter: type of the switches

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Le

tölt

ési seb

es

sé

g [

Mb

it/s

]

0 31 62 93 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Kismegszakítók hatása a letöltési sebességre

Megszakító nélkül

Bakony 10A

ED 16A

Siemens 63A

Siemens 25A


Effect of network elements Effect of over-current breaker

The upload rate declines primary due to the switch

The type ED 268 switch caused very high decline, (the transmission was blocked for distances over 93m)

The 10 A Bakony made switch tends to improve the transmission rate especially for download

Conclusions:


Effect of network elements Effect of energy (kWh) meter

Analogue, rated current 1 A

Digital, rated current 5 A

Types of the investigated kWh meter:



Parameter: type of the kWh meter


0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Le

tölt

és

i se

be

ss

ég [

Mb

it/s

]

0 31 62 93 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Teljesítménymérők hatása a letöltési sebességre

"Zavar" nélkül

Analóg teljesítménymérő 1A

Digitális teljesítménymérő 5A



Parameter: type of the kWh meter


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fel

tölt

ési s

ebes

ség

[M

bit

/s]

0 31 62 93 124 217

Mérési pontok [m]

Teljesítménymérők hatása a feltöltési sebességre

"Zavar" nélkül

Analóg teljesítménymérő 1A

Digitális teljesítménymérő 5A



The kWh meters do not decline the transmission rate

The installed analog kWh meter increased the transmission rate especially for upload operation

The installed digital kWh meter

does, practically, not affected transmission rate of download operation

tends to increase the transmission rate of upload operation for more distant CPE

Conclusions:


Site Trial on RBS LV feeder


Site Trial on RBS LV feeder LV feeder line


Site Trial on RBS LV feederPLC system configuration

• Positioning of PLC devices

• Type of signal injection / detection

T PE

C PER e p ea te r

C PE T PE

C PE


HE Modem

Signal injection

Radiated field metering

Actual 3 phase LV feeder, length of 1200 m

PVC insulated phase conductors wounded around a bare neutral

(2x95 + 25 mm2)

Site Trial on RBS low voltage feeder



Site of the measurement Radiated emission measurement



Signal injection (server) side



Modem side CPE amd pcCoupling of the modem


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederSystem overview

Coupling PLT HE: (capacitive, inductive) - one, two or three phase to neutral

- phase to phase- any other combination

PLT Modem: (only capacitive) - only phase to neutral

Used frequencyUpstream: 13.8 – 16.3 MHz (512 carrier)

Downstream: 19 – 22.8 MHz (768 carrier)

Injected signal levelmax. 30 dBm

Data transfer rateDownstream: max. 27 MbpsUpstream: max. 18 Mbps


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederInvestigated EBA TE and CPE equipment


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederBasic measuring arrangement

Server (TE) side

Modem (CPE) side


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederSignal injection options

Identification of the conductors connected to the coupling units1)

Option no. of the Signal injection

Connected coupling

units no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 1 - N 1 - N 1 - 2 1 - 2 1 - N 1 - N 2 - 1

2 2 - N 1 - 3 N - 2 2 - N 3 - 1

3 3 - N 3 - 2

NOTES:

1) The numbers 1, 2 and 3 are the phases R, S and T, respectively, while N is the neutral.

2) The conductors identified in the 1st and 2nd places are connected to the brown and blue connecting wires of the coupling unit.


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederComparison of the transmission rate for the 1st, 3nd, and 5th signal injections

at the 5th pole (150m)

Injection options


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederComparison of the transmission rate for the 1st, 3nd, and 5th signal injections


Injection options


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederComparison of the transmission rate for the all the seven signal injections


Injection options


Site Trial on RBS low voltage feederComparison of the “average” transmission rate for the 3nd, and 5th signal

injections v.s. the distance to the CPE

Distance to the CPE



Conclusions: The injection options of no.3 (connection to one line-to-line relation) and no.5 (connection to two phase-neutral relation with reversed polarity) resulted in favourable transmission rate,

The transmission rate decreases monotonously with the distance to the CPE,

The CPE located at 600 m away can not be accessed, without repeater.


Applications of PLC Technology in Hungary


Applications of PLC Technology in Hungary 23 Vnet Ltd.

The 1st commercial was lunched in December 2003. Internet access has been provided for 450 flats in 9 story block of building in North-Pesten

Ascom technology, serving for a stairway with 10-15 subscribers by a Indoor Master

Backbone: Satellite connection though antenna at the roof of the building.


Applications of PLC Technology in Hungary Xyscom

Part of regional integrated broadband telecommunication service integrating three technologies:

traditional copper wire link,

radio link

PLC technology (14 subscribers)

Installed by Hungarocom Telecommunication Ltd. at Bárdudvarnok in April 2004

ILEVO made hardware using DS2 chipsets.


Bárdudvarnok

First written record from 1229.

Area: 48,5 km2 (include agricultural) Population: 1200

Geographical location


Actual Site TrialPictures from the site (Bárdudvarnok)


Applications of PLC Technology in Hungary System Consult Ltd.

Starting of PLC research in the Budapest University of Technology and Economics in 2002 with the collaboration of the Departments of Electric Power Systems and Telecommunication Engineering

Investigations using one-to-one scale LV network

Installing reference PLC system and in-home service in the office building of the System Ltd with EBA hardware


Applications of PLC Technology in HungaryCommunication Unique (Communique) Kft.

Communication Unique Ltd is a service provider for Internet, telephone and cable TV

The Communicque has lunched a non-commercial trial and initiating a commercial trial by the end of this year on the network of ELMŰ and ÉMÁSZ Utilities

Used hardware: Mitsubishi Electric PLCLINK 200 products


Applications of PLC Technology in HungaryCommunication Unique Kft.

Comunique commercial applications:

“Cézár” building: (Reached transmission rate to the 9th floor: 70 Mbps

“Mediterrán” residential park: - access to 550 flats - operated on the ELMŰ (Budapest

Utility) network on contract bases

- Target: commercial service

70/70Communication over MV and LV power lines, Prague October 5 – 6, 2006

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Thank you for your attention!

“Gyorgy Varju” <[email protected]>

Communication over MV and LV power lines, Prague October 5 – 6, 20061/70 Budapest University of...

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