Communication Communication is a symbolic, interpretive, transactional, contextual, process in which...
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Communication Communication is a symbolic, interpretive, transactional, contextual, process in which people create shared meanings that does not have to be intentional.
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Transcript of Communication Communication is a symbolic, interpretive, transactional, contextual, process in which...
Communication
Communication is a symbolic, interpretive, transactional, contextual, process in which people create shared meanings that does not have to be intentional.
Includes such things as:
Eye contact
Posture
Appearance
Touching
Gestures
Voice tone
Nonverbal Communication
All aspects of communication other than the
words themselves.
(Birdwhistell ’70)
Like verbal communication, the way we use and
interpret nonverbal communication is culturally
specific.
Like verbal communication nonverbal communication is:
Arbitrary and ambiguous
In the United States
language code
nonverbal ¶language codes
31%
69%
5 Ways in Which Nonverbal Behaviors Interact With Verbal
Communication1. Accent
2. Complement
3. Contradict
4. Regulate
5. Substitute
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
1. Body Movement (kinesics)
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect Displays
Regulators
Adaptors
Name the Kinesics
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
2. Space (proxemics)
Intimate distance
Personal distance
Social distance
Public distance
Proxemics also deals with:
Territory
Protect
Mark
Degree
Places
Reactions
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
3. Touch (haptics)
Task Related
Social Related
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
4. Time (chronemics)
How we perceive and use time
Past oriented
Present oriented
Future oriented
Past Oriented
Regard past events as important.
Emphasis is placed on tradition.
Show great respect for elders.
Present Oriented
Spontaneity
Future Oriented
Live for tomorrow
How Cultures Arrange Their Time Differently
3 Different time systems
1. Technical
2. Formal
3. Informal
a) Monochronic
b) Polychronic
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
5. Voice (Paralanguage)
Paralanguage
How something is said
(silence, pitch, tone, volume)
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
Arabs: Loudly --- strength and sincerity
Israelis: Increased volume --- strong belief about topic
Asian: Gentle soft voice --- good manners and education
Mā mother
má hemp
mă horse
Mà scold
Categories of Nonverbal Communication
6. Environmental and Physical Appearance
“We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”
Winston Churchill
Environment and Physical Appearance
Red
Chinese – good luck
Koreans – bad luck
Ghana – sorrow
Russians - fertility
