commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Libr0409.jpg

WORM PHLYA• Worms are general grouping

• Worms have bilateral symmetry

• Worms are the beginning of advanced inverts

–Organs and other specialization

–Complete digestive tracts

–Body cavity/ coelem• found in most bilateral animals

• organs are suspended in this space

Worm Phylas• Worms are soft bodied so they

mostly live in tubes, burrows or under something

• Feeding ranges from parasites to carnivorous hunters

• Some worms create mucous nets to catch food while they are safe in their burrow

Platyhelminthes - Flatworms

– Central nervous system (brain)

– Muscles

– Flat and thin so gas and nutrients can diffuse right into their body

– Incomplete DT

– No body cavity

– Hermaphrodites: sexual and asexual reproduction

Class Turbellaria–Mostly bottom dwellers, living in

sand or mud under rocks–Carnivorous: eat other inverts–Most common marine flatworms

Class Turbellaria

Class Trematode- Flukes

Parasitic- thick cuticle for protection

Adults live in a vertebrate like a fish, larvae live in a invertebrate like a snail.

Oswaldo Cruz Foundantion - Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSpecimen: Trematode sp. (400x

• Class Cestode- Tapeworms

–Long segmented bodies carrying many generations of new tapeworms

–A single segment can contain 100,000 eggs

–Parasitic

www.dscc.edu/bwilliams/Biology2/bio2animal.htm

Tapeworm found on Tiger sharks and mackerel.http://www.marineparasitology.com/Papers/Palm%20&%20Klimpel%202007.pdf

biology.unm.edu/.../Summaries/SimpleAnimals.htm

Nemertea- Ribbon worms• Nervous system with a brain

• Muscles

• Circulatory System with blood vessels

• Complete digestive tract (mouth and anus)

• No body cavity

• Mostly separate sexes

• Sense organs

Ribbon worms continued-

• Stretchy bodies (8 in can stretch to 3 ft)

• Gather food with a proboscis that everts from inside them to catch food

• Proboscis may be sticky or poisoned

www.seamuse.com/rhyncocoela.htm

Habitat-Bottom dwelling beneath something or burrowed into something

www8.nos.noaa.gov

Nematode - Roundworms-Nervous system and brain

-Muscles

-Closed circulatory system

-Complete digestive tract

-Body cavity

- Separate sexes / sexual repro

- Have to molt cuticle as they grow

Nematodes cont….–Live in sediments

and tissues of orgs

–parasitic &predatory

Annelida – Segmented Worms

–Head-like area with a brain–Muscles–Closed circulatory system

–Complete DT–Body cavity–Hermaphroditic/ sexual

Annelids continued• Most diverse of worms

• Segmentation- repeated compartments

–Helps with motion

–Allows for appendages

http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20Laboratory/Animal%20Diversity/Lophotrochozoans/img012.jpg

Class Polychaeta

• Each segment has a flattened extension called parapodia

• Gills for breathing

www.freewebs.com/.../subclasserrantia.htm

http://scienceblogs.com/photosynthesis/Hermodice-carunculata59(c)BNSullivan.jpg

Class Oligochaete

• burrow in mud and sand

• scavengerswww.inhs.uiuc.edu/.../AOGSMNP.OligoIntro.html

• Class Hirudinea

• Live on whatever they are “eating”

• Parastic / blood sucking

• Sucker at each end

aqua.intervet.com/news/2007-11-25.aspx

Sipuncula – Peanut Worms

• Bottom dwellers, many burrow

• Deposit feeders

www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/sipuncula/sipuncula.html

www.wildsingapore.com/.../sipuncula.htm

Echiuria- Sausage Worms

Like the Peanut Worms

Pogonophora –Beard Worms

• Nervous system

• Muscles

• Closed CS

• Lack a digestive system

• Body Cavity

• Sexual repro

White Tube worm

Tube worms

www.nematodes.org/.../odl_pogonophora.html

Vent community worms, live in tubesUse bacteria in them to manufacture food

Chaetognatha- Arrow Worms

• All the features of a complex org

• Eyes and a distinct head

• planktonic

• vicious carnivores preying on larvae of other animals

Lophophorates…colonial worms

• All the features of complex orgs

• Lophophore- unique feeding structure with ciliated tentacles –Suspension feeders

• Bryozoans and Phoronids

Phoronids

Bryazoans

General characteristics

• lophophores

Feather Duster

                       Photomicrograph of Osedax

mucofloris, which means bone-eating snot-flower)

the new species of marine worm © The Natural History Museum, London 2005.

Scientists from the Natural History Museum and Göteborg University in Sweden have discovered a large colony of the worm growing on the bones of a minke whale in the North Sea.

WORM SUMMARY

• Bilateral Symmetry– Animals can be more active and sophisticated

• Simplest animals with real organs and organ systems

• Inhabit all environments in the ocean