Common Parasites of Pinnipeds
-
Upload
christine-bui-mba -
Category
Documents
-
view
1.741 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Common Parasites of Pinnipeds
Common Parasites of
PinnipedsLife Cycles, Clinical Presentation, and Management
Christine Bui, MBA
Parasites
Life cycles
Clinical presentation
Management
Overview
Common Parasites of Pinnipeds
Nematoda
Roundworms
Lungworms
Platyhelminthes
Tapeworms
Liver Flukes
Arthropoda
Nasal mites
Acanthocephala
Thorny-headed worms
Common Nematodes
Ascaris
Anisakis
Contracaecum
Porrocaecum
Terranova
Ostostrongylus
Parafilaroides
Uncinaria
Photo Reference: UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug 2006. <http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album157>
Life Cycle- Nematoda
Figure Reference: Yanong, Roy P.E. “Nematode (Roundworm) Infections in Fish”. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. Circular 91, pp 1-10. December 2002.
Clinical Signs- Nematoda
Roundworms
Ulcers in stomach
Malnourishment
Intestinal blockage
Pass worms in vomit or stool
Lungworms
Cough
Hemorrhage
Inflammation
Pneumonia
Bronchiolar obstruction
Bacterial infection
Management- Nematoda
Detection ante-mortem
Vomit
Stool
Fecal exam
Detection post-mortem
Gastro-intestinal tract
Lungs
Anthelmintic
Pyrantel pamoate
Ivermectin
Benizimidazoles
Abamectin
Photo Reference: “Lungworm” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album107>
Photo Reference: “Nematodes (Roundworms).” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album157>
Diphyllobothrium
Fasciola
Dicrocoelium
Common Platyhelminthes
Photo Reference: “Tapeworms (Flatworms).” UCSC Sea
Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_al
bumName=album158>
Photo Reference: “Liver fluke.” Wikipedia. 29 Mar, 2012.
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Fasciola_hepatic
a.JPG/220px-Fasciola_hepatica.JPG>
Life Cycle- Platyhelminthes
Figure Reference: Yanong, Roy P.E. “Nematode (Roundworm) Infections in Fish”. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. Circular 91, pp 1-10. December 2002.
Clinical Signs- Platyhelminthes
Tapeworms
Anemia
Diarrhea
Vomit
Abdominal pain and
discomfort
Malnutrition and weight loss
Liver Flukes
Anemia
Weight loss
Damage to bile duct
epithelium
Management- Platyhelminthes
Detection ante-mortem
Stool
Fecal exam
Detection post-mortem
Intestines
Hepatic ducts,
gallbladder, liver
parenchyma
Anthelmintic
Praziquantel
Albendazole
Triclabendazole
Photo Reference: “Tapeworms (Flatworms).” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album158>
Photo Reference: “Liver Fluke.” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006. <http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album108>
Orthohalarachne
Common Arthropoda
Photo Reference: “Orthohalarachne”. Wikipedia.
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/O_attenuata.jpg>
Life Cycle- Arthropoda
Sneezing
Nasal discharge
Impaired respiration
Lesions in the lung
Alveolar emphysema
Mucosal erosion of nasal turbinates and
nasopharynx
Clinical Signs- Arthropoda
Management- Arthropoda
Detection ante-mortem
Nasal secretions
Detection post-mortem
Nasal cavity
Anthelmintic
Ivermectin
Photo Reference: “Nasal Mites.” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006. <http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album105>
Corynosoma
Common Acanthocephala
Photo Reference: CaRMS Photogallery / Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Roberta Miller, 2012.
<http://www.marinespecies.org/carms/photogallery.php?album=1456&pic=48711>
Life Cycle- Acanthocephala
Figure Reference: Yanong, Roy P.E. “Nematode (Roundworm) Infections in Fish”. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. Circular 91, pp 1-10. December 2002.
Hemorrhage
Inflammation
Anemia
Malnutrition and weight loss
Mortality
Clinical Signs- Acanthocephala
Management- Acanthocephala
Detection ante-mortem
Stool
Detection post-mortem
Intestinal tract
Difficult because of
ubiquitous in freshwater
intermediate hosts
Tx is unknown however
fenbendazole has been
tried experimentally
Photo Reference: Halajian, Ali. “Parasite World: A Popular Site about Parasitism.” 18 Jun, 2009. <http://parasites-world.com/corynosoma-sp-caspian-
seal/?show=gallery>
References1. Ballweber, Lora Rickard. “VM 638 Veterinary Parasitology Class Notes.” Colorado State University. Spring 2012. Print.
2. CaRMS Photogallery / Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Roberta Miller, 2012
<http://www.marinespecies.org/carms/photogallery.php?album=1456&pic=48711>
3. Dailey, M.D.: Parasitology-Basic Considerations (in Fowler, M.E.: Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. Philadelphia:
Saunders, 1986.)
4. Dierauf, Leslie A., and Frances M.D. Gulland. CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine. New York: CRC Press,
2001. Print.
5. Foreyt, William J. Veterinary Parasitology: Reference Manual, 5th ed. Iowa: Blackwell, 1997. Print.
6. Halajian, Ali. “Parasite World: A Popular Site about Parasitism.” 18 Jun, 2009. <http://parasites-
world.com/corynosoma-sp-caspian-seal/?show=gallery>
7. Kinne, O. Diseases caused by Parasites.
8. Lauckner, G.: Diseases of Mammalia: Pinnipedia (in Kinne, O.: Diseases of Marine Animals, v. 4. 1985.)
9. “Liver Fluke.” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album108>
10. “Lungworm.” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.pho?set_albumName=album107>
11.Mehlhorn, Heinz. Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Vol. 1&2. 3rd ed. New YorkL Springe. Print.
12. “Nasal Mites.” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.php?set_albumName=album105>
13. “Nematodes (Roundworms).” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006.
<http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/view_album.pho?set_albumName=album157>
14. “Parasitism in Marine Mammals.” Journal of the American Veterinarian Medical Association. 155:1064. Print. 1969.
15. Perrin, William F., Bernd Wursig, and J.G. M. Thewissen. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. 2nd ed. Elsevier.
16. “Tapeworms (Flatworms).” UCSC Sea Lion Gallery. 1 Aug, 2006. <http://shutterbug.ucsc.edu/sealion/
view_album.php?set_albumName=album158>
17. Yanong, Roy P.E. “Nematode (Roundworm) Infections in Fish”. University of Florida, IFAS Extension. Circular 91,
pp 1-10. December 2002. Print.
Questions?
Thank you!