Comenius Foundation for Child Development 1 Monika Rosciszewska-Wozniak Malgorzata...

Comenius Foundation for Child Development 1

Monika Rosciszewska-WozniakMalgorzata Karwowska-Struczyk

Education in Poland


Poland – facts and statistics

• Area of 312 685 square km• 38,19 million inhabitants

(51,6% - women, 48,4% - men)• Density of population –

122 persons per square km.

• Decreasing birth rate(in 2003: -0.03% in 1980: +0.96%)

• Divorce index: 1.3 per 1000 inhabitants. • Population growing old

(13% people over the age of 65 in 2001, 10% in 1980)

• 62% live in 884 cities and towns, 38% live in the country


Poland – provision, facts and statistics1. The Republic of Poland is a Parliamentary Republic

2. The President is the Head of State •1990-1995 Lech Walesa •1995 -2005 - Aleksander Kwasniewski (left wing –postcommunist party)

3. The Parliament (National Assembly)- members elected in the direct vote once every 4 years

•Sejm (Lower Chamber with its 460 representatives) •Senate (Upper Chamber with its 100 representatives)

4. The territory of Poland is divided into •16 provinces (województwa) •379 districts (powiaty), of which 314 are rural districts and 65 are urban districts •2478 local self-governing authorities - municipalities (gminy) of which 307 are urban

communes, 577 urban-rural and 1594 rural ones.

5. No official religion in Poland but around 90% of the population are Roman-Catholic

6. Official language - Polish.

7. 3% of total population - national minorities: German, Kashubian, Byelorussian and Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Slovak, Lemkov, Greek and Hebrew


Poland - education

system


Preprimary settings in Poland

1.Under the Educational Law of 7 September 1991, the partial and full care and education settings:

• first category: creches, preschools, kindergartens and schools

• second category: small children's homes, children's homes, foster families, care centers for children and young people and child emergency centers.

2.Formal and informal partial care for children up to four years of age

• creches or nurseries for children from the age of 3 months up to 4 years run by the Ministry of Health and Social Security

• private nurseries schools (or preschools), child minders, relatives, etc.


Preschools and kindergartens

1. Preprimary settings for 3-6 year-old children: public or nonpublic.

2. Approximately 54% of 3-6 year-old attend either preschools or kindergartens attached to primary schools.

3. Kindergarten is obligatory for 6-year-olds (from 1 September 2004)

4. The rest of children cared by mothers or fathers

(unpaid maternal leave after the paid maternity

leave), relatives, nannies.


Main problems

32,8%

40,2%

50,6%

59,1%

27,6%

36,7%

13,7%18,9%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Poland Urban communities Urban/ruralcommunities

Rural communities

% of children aged 3-5 attending pre-schools

% of children aged 3-6 attending pre-schools

Children attending pre-schools in Poland in 2002

• Governmental and political (post communistic trade union) lack of will for other (alternative), good quality but cheaper provision of ECE.

• Jobs leaving by teacher

• The quality of pedagogical work and experiences gained by children.

• Decrease of the number of children attending preprimary settings

• Unequal participation of different age children in the total attending preschool settings.

• Lack of preschools (public and non public) in rural area.


Number of pre-schools (source: GUS – the Main Statistical Office)

4 and more (516)

3 (209)

2 (400)

1 (1061)

0 (869)

Poland – provision, facts and statistics

In 869 municipalities there is no single preschool


self-esteem natural curiosity

Where There Are No Pre-schools Programme

Our aim is to create child-centered wide environment to help develop children’s:

creativity social skillsreadiness for learning


Municipalities where WTANP has been implemented

9 regions

14 municipalities

42 ECD Centres

52 children’s groups

52 teachers

7 local supervisors

more than 520 children

March 2005



Centres placed in libraries, culture houses, schools etc.

Centres adapted to children’s needs

10 children per group

Cooperation with parents

Minimum 9 hours per week

WTANP Centres – main rules



Selection of teachers- tests, interviews, verification of the candidates’ pedagogic skills

Teacher training (all together 140 hours)- initial training

- local training

Quality monitoring system

- selecting Local Supervisors

- developing Local Supervisors’ knowledge on ECD

- monthly visits of Local Supervisor in the Centres - monthly planning meetings of teachers from the municipality with Local Supervisor

Educational materials for teachers- programme for Centres’ Operation

- handbook for teachers

- libraries for teachers and parents

Maintaining the Programme quality



Increase in the pre-school attendance rate

Children from Centers perform very well at school

Disabled children adapt very well to the Centers

Developing teachers’ pedagogic skills

Involving parents in the activities of Centres

Mobilizing local communities

Promotion of rural municipalities

Lowering the unemployment rate - 30 % of teachers working in the Centres

were previously unemployed

Model solution for East-South European countries

The WTAMP Programme has been recognised by Working Group E "Making the

best use of resources", at the Directorate-General for Education and Culture of

the EU as a model programme to be spread in the EU countries.

Where There Are No Pre-schools Programme - effects

• average attendance rate in the year 2004 – 34% (for rural areas in Polen 16%)• average increase in comparison with the year 2000 – 22%

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