Colorado Space Grant Consortium Gateway To Space ASEN / ASTR 2500 Class #03 Gateway To Space ASEN /...

Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium

Gateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500

Class #03

Gateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500

Class #03

- HW 02 DUE Today

- Naming guidelines update…Remove the “_” HW XX Lastname Firstinitial” Example = HW 01 Armstrong N

- No need to resubmit

- BalloonSat Overview and Student HASP Presentation

- Tim May ITLL Electronics shop…

- Next Class…Team Forming and RFP

Announcements:Announcements:

- Class email list, who did not get first email?

- Who did not get their picture taken last week?

- Changes to Syllabus1. Location for class on 09/16/08 is Discovery Learning Center, room 1B70 (same place as Space Grant Open House)

2. Please check your schedule for evening presentations on 09-23-08 (Physics I?)

- Starting next Tuesday, one minute reports not using provided form will not be counted


- ITLL Tour – new this year and was told it was 30 minutes

- Best reason I can give as to why this class is rushed…


- How does a boom work?- How in depth are you going to go over the satellite that we are

going to build?- How do you know if the email homework was received?- Still confused how subsystems work together?- What are the pictures in the powerpoint?- How does weather on the ground effect our BalloonSat

communications?- What is the best battery?- How are groups chosen?- How complex will the BalloonSats systems be?- Do we store our data on the BalloonSat?- Are we going to do any programming?- How are control systems different than propulsion systems?

One Minute Paper:One Minute Paper:

- What kind of testing is available to us?- How do I know what the right subsystem is for me to work on?- What has been the success rate of BalloonSats in the past?- Can we communicate with satellites on the other side of the

earth?- How long does our mission last?- What is attitude?


- How will we use HAM radios?

- What is a HAM radio license?Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service in which participants, called "hams," use various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and self-training.[1]

Amateur radio operators enjoy personal (and often worldwide) wireless communications with each other and are able to support their communities with emergency and disaster communications if necessary, while increasing their personal knowledge of electronics and radio theory. An estimated six million people throughout the world are regularly involved with amateur radio.-


Day 3Day 3

Organization?Organization?

PowerComm

Project Management

Structures Thermal ADCS C&DH

MOPSGround Ops

Education Web Science Software

Systems Engineering

- Teamwork

- Command and Data Handling

- The brain of a satellite

- Is pretty dumb without software

- Basically a home computer but much smaller and less of a power hog

- Very difficult system, many unknowns and bugs

C&DH:C&DH:

- Consists of:- Motherboard or CPU- Firmware- Storage device or medium- Sub-nets or sub processors- Many sensors- Many interface boards

C&DH:C&DH:

- Programmers are worth weight in gold

- Days of Voyager spacecraft are over

- Today, satellites are very complex and so is the software

- Software is usually last thing done

- Last minute fixes are very dangerous

Software:Software:

- “Houston, we have a problem”

- MOPS is the command center of the satellite

- All human interaction occurs through this team

- Much coordination is required to properly operate satellite

- Failure modes determined FMEA

- Data storage and analysis

- All communication is done through MOPS

- Usually staffed 24/7

Mission Operations:Mission Operations:

- Management

- Systems Engineering

- Budgets

- Contracts

- Planners

- Manufacturers & Technicians

- Test Engineers

Other:Other:

Questions?Questions?

Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium

BalloonSat Overview

Class #03

BalloonSat Overview

Class #03

19

- Started at Space Grant June 2000

- Was a student at Space Grant 1990-1995

- Programs had advanced

- Hard for freshman students to get plugged in

- Sink or Swim

Origins:

20

How it all started…

- Western Regional Meeting in San Diego Fall 2000

- Bob Twiggs introduced CubeSats

- Great concept but…- 80 to 100 new students a year- $35K to $50K- Complexity

- Seed was planted

Origins:

21

What if students could get close to space?

- Met Edge of Space Sciences (EOSS) in Fall 1996

Origins:

22

- Promise of recovery and 100,000 feet

- Price was right

- Many launches every year

- Some of the same engineering challenges

Origins:

With the combination of these three items, BalloonSat was born

Origins:

CUBESAT:CUBESAT:

CubeSat

CUBESAT:CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:CUBESAT:

http://cubesat.calpoly.edu/media/P13_0-8-1_C6_17-Apr-07%20%20logo.JPG

CubeSat Animation

BalloonSat vs. CubeSatsBalloonSat vs. CubeSats

- This class is not - This class is not building a CubeSatbuilding a CubeSat

- You are building a - You are building a BalloonSatBalloonSat

- Your BalloonSat could - Your BalloonSat could be a prototype for a be a prototype for a future CubeSat missionfuture CubeSat mission

- BalloonSats are not a - BalloonSats are not a competitioncompetition

BalloonSatMissions to the Edge of Space

BalloonSatMissions to the Edge of Space

- BalloonSat is an excellent, low cost platform for “Crawl” level student missions to the Edge of Space

- A BalloonSat can reach 30 km (100,000 feet) for $300

- Students faced with many engineering challenges

- No microgravity

- BalloonSat can be recovered

BalloonSat:

- Why Ballooning?- Near Space Environment

- What Defines Space?- Vacuum- Radiation- Micro-acceleration

- Why Ballooning?- Near Space Environment

- What Defines Space?- Vacuum- Radiation- Micro-acceleration

Ballooning

- Ballooning is inexpensive- Helium (~$80)- Balloon (~$150)

- You mostly control launch

- Ballooning is inexpensive- Helium (~$80)- Balloon (~$150)

- You mostly control launch

BallooningBallooning

BalloonSats

- Easy to attach to balloon

- Easy to track and Recovery

- Fun for all

- You will build this semester

- Space Hardware Demonstrations

- Atmospheric Studies

- Technology Prototypes

- Life Sciences Studies

- Remote Sensing

- Student Training

BalloonSat Uses:

- BalloonSat is geared to college level freshmen of all majors but high school students have done it too

- Taught every semester as part of a class titledGateway to Space

- Students are placed in teams and given an RFP and write proposal

BalloonSat:

- Atmospheric radiation levels

- Solar cell efficiency

- Atmospheric soundings

- Video imaging

- High altitude effects on

roaches

- Digital sound recording of

upper atmosphere

- Temperature studies

Past Student Experiments:

BallooningBallooning

When your balloon and payload ascend into the sky…When your balloon and payload ascend into the sky…

Every student knows, their experimentis going where no one

Every student knows, their experimentis going where no one

- except astronauts - has ever gone before

BalloonSat Hardware:

Canon ELPH LT Camera 555 Timing Circuit Datalogger & Temp Probe

Batteries

Basic Stamp

- Digital cameras- Photodiodes- Solar Cells- Geiger tubes- Hand Warmers and Desiccant- Insulation

BalloonSat Hardware:

Digital Camera 555 Timing Circuit Datalogger & Temp Probe

Batteries

Basic Stamp

- Digital cameras- Photodiodes- Solar Cells- Geiger tubes- Hand Warmers and Desiccant- Insulation

BalloonSat Construction:

AluminumConstruction

Foam CoreConstruction

BalloonSat Construction:

- Velcro- Silicon Adhesive and Hot Glue- Aluminum Tape

- Insulation- Venting- Condensation

- Drop Test

- Cooler Test

- Subsystem Tests

- Functional Tests

- Mission Sim Tests

- Whip Test

DO NOT FOCUS ON STRUCTURAL TESTING ONLY

BalloonSat Testing:

BalloonSat Testing:

Kick, Drop, Cool, and Whip

- Sites typically in eastern Colorado- Liftoff is 7:00 AM- 90 minutes up, 45 minutes down

Launch:

Launch: Supported by EOSS

- 1200 gram latex balloon

- Gaseous Helium (~2 K bottles)- Balloon filling

system- Flight string- Radio Transceiver- GPS- Control Systems- Parachute- FAA notification

Launch Review:

Launch Video:

BalloonSats

- Typical launch

• How high do commercial jet fly?

• How high is the ozone layer?

• What are the layers of the atmosphere?

~10 km

~20 to 50 km

Environments at 30 km:

The 4 Layers of the Atmosphere:

TroposphereStratosphere

MesosphereThermosphere

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Thermosphere


Capt. Joe W. Kittinger jumps from a balloon at 102,800 feet

Forgot to mention, he exceeded the speed of sound with his body


Temperature varies in all directions as you climb through the different layers of the atmosphere

Why?

Solar Radiation (UV, IR)- Ozone Absorbs- Surface Heats- Convection


- Temperature can dip to -80°C

- Biggest killer of past missions

- Easy, repeatable science


Burst (30 km)

TropopauseColdest

Launch

Landing

Burst:

- Altitude variable

- One of the most violent moments of the flight

- Mach I

Series of burst images

- Altitude variable

- One of the most violent moments of the flight

- Mach I

Series of burst images

Burst:

BalloonSats

- Interesting burst

BalloonSats

Burst:

- Drop Test

- Cooler Test

- Stair Test

- Whip Test

- Subsystem Tests

- Functional Tests

- Mission Sim Tests

BalloonSat Testing:

Burst:

Agenda: (Thursday)Agenda: (Thursday)

Launch Review:

- Begins after launch- Can track real-time- Recovery complete same day

Recovery:

- Over 200 student BalloonSats

History and Results:

- 40 launches- 4,000 students- 96% recovery rate- 90% recovered with some data- 50% recovered with all expected data- Papers have been written and presented- More than 50% of students have continued with

more research projects


http://spacegrant.colorado.edu/~koehler/In_air_photos/029_29.JPG

Launch Review:

Closing Items:Closing Items:

- BalloonSats are excellent way to do hands-on research

- Motivates you to go further

- See importance of your education

- Prepared to contribute to more complex projects

- Have the confidence to take the next step

BalloonSats:

- In Colorado, we work with a company called EOSS or Edge of Space Sciences (www.eoss.org)

- EOSS is non-profit organization

- Total Launch cost $2,000

- You can launch your own

- You will launch your BalloonSat this semester!

BalloonSats

http://spacegrant.colorado.edu/~koehler/In_air_photos/029_29.JPG

Colorado Space Grant Consortium Gateway To Space ASEN / ASTR 2500 Class #03 Gateway To Space ASEN /...

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