Color is the light reflected from a surface.

• Color is the light reflected from a surface.

• Visible light is made up of the wavelengths of light between infrared and ultraviolet radiation (between 400 and 700 nanometers).

What is Color?

Additive Model RGB, Light

Color Models

Subtractitive Model CMYK, Pigment

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii. Dmitrievskii Church, 1911.

Additive Color

HueThe ‘color’ of the color. Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet

ValueLightness (tint) or darkness (shade) of a color.

Saturation (Chroma)Intensity of the hue in the color. Desaturated colors tend to look gray.

Describing Color

Color Contrast

Contrast Of Hue

Contrast Of Value

Contrast Of Saturation

Low Contrast High Contrast

A color circle, based on red, yellow and blue, is traditional in the field of art. Sir Isaac Newton developed the first circular diagram of colors in 1666.

Newton’s Color Model

Graphics taken from www.colormatters.com

Primary Colors

Primary colors are the most basic colors; they cannot be broken down into component colors. The primary colors are different depending on which color model you are using. The primary colors in the Newtonian color model are red, yellow, and blue.


These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors.

Secondary Colors


These are the colors formed by mixing one primary and one secondary color.

Tertiary Colors


Color Relationships

Analogous Colors

located close together on a color wheel.

Complementary Colors

Located opposite each other on a color wheel

Primary Colors

Essential colors, cannot be broken down into component colors

Secondary Colors

Mixture of two primary colors

Monochromatic Colors

Shades and tints of the same color

Newtonian (Artist’s) Color Wheel

Shade and Tint

Add black or white

Intensity

Amount of saturation) Graphics taken from www.worqx.com/color

Color Temperature

COOL

WARM

Temperature can be measured absolutely, or relatively.

For example, yellow-green is warmer than cyan-green, but both are cool colors.

An approximate separation of absolute color temperature is denoted below:

Nearly any color could appear as either warm or cold depending on the surrounding colors, especially those near the dividing line.

Red appears more brilliant against a black background and somewhat duller against the white background. In contrast with orange, the red appears lifeless; in contrast with blue-green, it exhibits brilliance. Notice that the red square appears larger on black than on other background colors.

Color Context


Color is the light reflected from a surface.

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