Colonization

Where we left off…1600:English began permanent settlements along the Atlantic coast

English=#1

Whaaaaat? English Colonies?What were the reasons for British

Colonization?1. Religious refuge2. Economic Gains3. Bring Christianity to Natives4. New Start

Mercantilism: Trade policy where England should export more than it imported.

Jamestown 1607…The First Colony!

• Named after King James I• Flourished after settlers

discovered tobacco could grow in the area

• 104 settlers arrived too late for planting and malaria spread• Left only 38 settlers

Thirteen Colonies

By the early 1700’s England had 12 colonies and the earliest- Virginia was already 120 years old!

James OglethorpeParliament member that was upset

with harsh conditions of the prison systems of England

oOglethorpe & 20 others began to outline a plan that promised a new start in the New World

Reasons for Settling GeorgiaJames Oglethorpe and his fellow

philanthropists asked King George II for a land grant and gave him three reasons why he should say yes:

1. Charity2. Military3. Economy

CharityIt would take the deserving poor from

England & give them a fresh start in a new colony.

MilitaryBy the 1720’s South Carolina was a very productive

colony but no British lived south of the Savannah River because they did not want to anger the Spanish who lived in Florida.

If Georgia was settled it would be a protective buffer between Spanish Florida and South Carolina, as well as the French that were settling near the Mississippi.

France

EconomicTrustees hoped Georgia could produce four

products not grown in England: WRIS(T)W=WineR=RiceI=IndigoS=SilkT=Tobacco**Not important untillater colonial period

Charter of 1732Established Georgia as a trustee colony

with 21 trustees who were to manage the colony.

Latin for “Not for self, but for others”

Rules of the Colony• Set up boundaries• Stated that Trustees were to

manage the colony, but thatAll regulations had to go through King George II

• Excluded Catholics, blacks, liquor sales, and lawyers

All colonists were given 50 acres of land, tools, and food for a year

• Colonists agreed to…1.Defend the colony2.Not sell land3.Use tools to grow crops4.Plant mulberry trees5.Obey all rules of trustees

November 1732: The English colonists leave England to colonize in Georgia

January 1733: They land in Georgia

Oglethorpe’s design for Savannah was based on a design by Robert Castell.

James Oglethorpe Meets Tomochichi at Yamacraw Bluff, 1733

Salzburgers (1733)German protestants seeking refugeGiven land—Ebenezer—the Rock of Help

Also founded New EbenezerEstablished the first Methodist Church in

GeorgiaJohn and Charles Wesley established 1st

Sunday SchoolBethesda Orphans Home

Highland Scots (1735)

• Scottish Protestants that came to Georgia searching for religious freedom

• Settled in present day Darien• Created the first Presbyterian Church in

Georgia• Helped the English defeat the Spanish in

the Battle of Bloody Marsh

Today in History Video

• http://www.todayingeorgiahistory.org/content/georgia-colony-founded