1. Digital Subaltern 2.0:Globalizing theCommodified OtherRadhika Gajjala, September2014

2. Theory building collaboratorsNon-profit collaboratorsVisual analysis collaborators (both on campus andfrom other places) 3. ResearchProcess Framing of the Project Background/Context of Site(s) examined -Method Ethnography , Immersion andAction Research Thorough and close readings of relevantwork in intersecting disciplines Description/Discovery of what is happeningat the site(s) Analysis Method Visual and Discourseanalysis Extension of Theory Future Directions for Examination of issueat hand 4. CentralResearchProblem As Global FinanceScapes worktogether with Global MediaScapes toData-ize Indigenous populations,informal economies and tacitknowledges in the name of financialinclusion. What sorts of globalnetworks emerge online/offline? Whats at stake here? 5. The dual processes ofglobal NGOization andITization produce globalcommunities of productionand consumption at thiscoded interface. 6. Hierarchies of literacy,culture and everydaypractice that shape thecommunication andpresence of Non-profitadvocacy Online. 7. digital subaltern 2.0 - notto be confused withessentialized or ideas of theauthentic static subaltern 8. Raises issues not only ofrepresentation but alsoquestions about terms ofengagement with theglobal financial structureand labor hierarchies 9. Social MediaandMicro-transactions Buy and sell Access for consumers Supposed access to themarket (Creation of) Demand andSupply Whose Desire? 10. Method Critical Ethnography Visual Analysis Epistemologies of Doing 11. Theory Subaltern Studies Development Studies Cyberculture Studies Feminist Theory Affect Theory Visual Studies Political Economy 12. Some sites Iexplore http://www.kiva.org http://www.micrograam.com http://www.microplace.com http://www.lendwithcare.org http://safaricom.co.ke 13. Microfinance Empowerment Subaltern Mobile Money Entreprenuer BoP as Consumers Digital Play and Labor Affect Biopolitics Millenials Womens work 14. The most widespreadmicrofinancing instrument ismicrocredit or microlending,which is the issuance ofsmall, unsecured loans toindividuals or groups for thepurpose of starting orexpanding businesses.Microfinancing aims toalleviate poverty by stimulatingeconomic growth throughentrepreneurial initiative. -Susanna Khavul 15. Banking theunbankable; FinancialInclusionLisa Simpsondiscovers microfinance 16. Lisa Simpsondiscoversmicrofinance 17. Developed WorldOnline NetworksKiva.orgMicroplace.comLendwithcare.orgOnline NetworksRevealing and Naming EmbeddedCommunication ProcessesEbayEtsy.comNovica.comAlternate Producersand ConsumersLenders, Investors,Philanthropists andSocial Entrepreneurs 18. ProducerCooperativesOnline NetworksKiva.orgMicroplace.comLendingwithcare.orgMFIsNGOsSocialEntrepreneursRuralBorrower/Producer fromDevelopingworldsOnline NetworksEbayEtsy.comNovica.com accessMarkets CreditLocating the Offline to Online Mediators 19. The coded interface, onthe other hand, structuresthe practices in veryspecific ways even asliberal discourse points tothe rampantmulticulturalism onlineas evidence of progressand democracy, 20. while in coded fact thismulticulturalism is almostaccidental, yet shaped by alabor force that is based in atiered hierarchy of layeredliteracies and materialaccess. (2012-11-24).Cyberculture and theSubaltern: Weavings of theVirtual and Real 21. Networked(global) Laboras the inter-networks and cross-platformsthrow up individualizedsubalterns as discipline-able low-costlabor-surplus options (fromhistorically colonized locations)and patrons (from historicallycolonizing locations) simultaneously staging theborrower and lender in a globalsetting. 22. Narrating thesubalternthrough socio-financialplatformshttp://www.kiva.org/about/howhttp://www.kiva.org/communityhttp://www.kiva.org/fellowshttps://twitter.com/kiva_journalshttp://www.kiva.org/updateshttp://pinterest.com/kivaorg 23. (micro)financingthe subaltern We can do it! $25 dollars at a time! 24. Empowered toEmpower 25. DigitalPhilanthropy2.0 Global Giving Staged Neoliberal Logics ofEmpowerment 26. MonetizingSocial identities Producing Monetary valuefor particular offline bodies /subject positions Supplying the globallyconsumable globalsubaltern Globally acceptable laborforces Individualized. Subordinate.Disciplined. The Other contained andManageable. 27. MonetizingSocial identities 28. Who gets to manage andstructure it? En-Coding Voice, en-Coding Bodies, de- CodingAffect, en-Coding Financialpractice, en-coding Affect Affective Intensities asStrategies of Persuasion Affect translated intoemotional mis-readings/labels - politics ofemotion Staging the Global 29. Those that find the digitizablesubaltern Those that work to stage them Those that fund the stagingorganizations/collectives Those that contribute to the funding Supply and Demand - Met. Media(ted) Economics of subalternempowerment? 30. Thank you!http://www.radhikagajjala.org