College Writing Skills, 6E and College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E John Langan Pronoun...
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College Writing Skills College Writing Skills , 6E , 6E and and College College Writing Skills with Readings Writing Skills with Readings , 6E , 6E John Langan John Langan Pronoun Reference and Agreeme ronoun Reference and Agreeme Chapter Twenty- Nine
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Transcript of College Writing Skills, 6E and College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E John Langan Pronoun...
College Writing SkillsCollege Writing Skills, 6E , 6E and and College College Writing Skills with ReadingsWriting Skills with Readings, 6E, 6E
John LanganJohn Langan
Pronoun Reference and AgreementPronoun Reference and Agreement
Chapter Twenty-Nine
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Writers often use Writers often use pronouns to take the place of to take the place of nouns.nouns.
• If you do this, you must be certain that each If you do this, you must be certain that each pronoun agrees with the noun it refers to.pronoun agrees with the noun it refers to.
• Example:Example:– The photographs meant a great deal to him because
they belonged to his grandmother.– [Photographs is the[Photographs is the antecedent ofof they, which is which is
third person plural.]third person plural.]
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
Pronoun Reference
• If a pronoun does not refer to a specific If a pronoun does not refer to a specific word, it may be unclear.word, it may be unclear.
– Example:Example:
•Mark told Todd that Mark told Todd that hehe needed to needed to buy film.buy film.
• Did Mark or Todd need to buy film? Did Mark or Todd need to buy film?
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• If a pronoun does not refer to a specific If a pronoun does not refer to a specific word, it may be unclear.word, it may be unclear.
– Example:Example:
• The editor told the staff members The editor told the staff members not to mail the photographs because not to mail the photographs because they they were too important.were too important.
• What does What does they they refer too? refer too?
Pronoun Reference
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
Pronouns and antecedents mustPronouns and antecedents mustagree inagree in person andperson and numbernumber..
Error in Person:Error in Person:If a person wants to If a person wants to become a portrait become a portrait photographer, photographer, youyou must must have the properhave the proper equipment for lighting.equipment for lighting.
Revised:Revised:If a person wants to If a person wants to
become a photographer,become a photographer,he he must have the must have the
proper equipment forproper equipment forlighting.lighting.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
Pronouns and antecedents mustPronouns and antecedents mustagree inagree in person andperson and numbernumber..
Error in Number:Error in Number:When a student videotapes a sporting event,When a student videotapes a sporting event,they they often miss some of the action. often miss some of the action.
Revised:When a student videotapes a sporting event, hehe often misses some of the action.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Avoid sexism– Be consistent in use of gender.– Avoid sexist pronouns.
• To avoid sexism, use alternatives to the generic he.1 -Use masculine and feminine pronouns
together.2 -Revise the sentence by using the plural.3 -Reconstruct to eliminate the pronoun.
• Avoid sexism– Be consistent in use of gender.– Avoid sexist pronouns.
• To avoid sexism, use alternatives to the generic he.1 -Use masculine and feminine pronouns
together.2 -Revise the sentence by using the plural.3 -Reconstruct to eliminate the pronoun.
Examples:Examples:1. The person who planned this
exhibit knew what he or shewas doing.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
1. An indefinite pronoun such as everybody everybody oror somethingsomething is usually singular.
Anyone who has developed his own film must be familiar with dark rooms.
1. An indefinite pronoun such as everybody everybody oror somethingsomething is usually singular.
Anyone who has developed his own film must be familiar with dark rooms.
Each of the photographers bought his or her camera.
Each of the photographers bought his or her camera.
Checkpoints
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
The The collectioncollection on display on display is is in the gallery.in the gallery.The The collectioncollection on display on display is is in the gallery.in the gallery.
2. A collective noun which refers to a group 2. A collective noun which refers to a group as one unit is usually singular.as one unit is usually singular.
TheThe group group will have will have its its meeting this Friday.meeting this Friday.
2. A collective noun which refers to a group 2. A collective noun which refers to a group as one unit is usually singular.as one unit is usually singular.
TheThe group group will have will have its its meeting this Friday.meeting this Friday.
Checkpoints
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
3. Compound antecedents require a plural pronoun.
The zoom lens and the wide-angle lens require special situations for their use.
Checkpoints
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Anyone can be Anyone can be successful in school if successful in school if theythey make the right make the right choices.choices.
• Anyone can be Anyone can be successful in school if successful in school if theythey make the right make the right choices.choices.
• Revision:– Anyone can be can be
successful in school ifsuccessful in school if she makes the right choices.
Or
– Students can be successful in school if they make the right choices.
• Revision:– Anyone can be can be
successful in school ifsuccessful in school if she makes the right choices.
Or
– Students can be successful in school if they make the right choices.
IncorrectIncorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• When students do not understand what they read, they should note their questions and find answers.
• When students do not understand what they read, they should note their questions and find answers.
CorrectCorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Students should realize that education supports your long term goals.
• Students should realize that education supports your long term goals.
• The pronoun “your” does not refer to students.
• Revision:– Students should
realize that education supports their long term goals.
• The pronoun “your” does not refer to students.
• Revision:– Students should
realize that education supports their long term goals.IncorrectIncorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
Libraries are important forLibraries are important forstudents because they students because they provide information.provide information.
IncorrectIncorrect Does Does THEYTHEY refer refer to students or to students or libraries?libraries?
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Students should copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and you should review these notes within 24 hours.
• Students should copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and you should review these notes within 24 hours.
• Incorrect:– The subject shifts to you
when the subject was students.
• Revision:– Students should copy
the material that the instructor writes on the board, and they should review these notes within 24 hours.
• Incorrect:– The subject shifts to you
when the subject was students.
• Revision:– Students should copy
the material that the instructor writes on the board, and they should review these notes within 24 hours.
IncorrectIncorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Each of us must take responsibility for the quality of their own life.
• Each of us must take responsibility for the quality of their own life.
• Incorrect:– Each is singular.
• Revision:– Each of us must take
responsibility for the quality of her life.
Or…
– Individuals must take responsibility for the quality of their own lives.
• Incorrect:– Each is singular.
• Revision:– Each of us must take
responsibility for the quality of her life.
Or…
– Individuals must take responsibility for the quality of their own lives.
IncorrectIncorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
When students join clubs and organizations,When students join clubs and organizations,they increase their chances of staying inthey increase their chances of staying inschool.school.
CorrectCorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• The most important thing a student can do is to organize your time.
• The most important thing a student can do is to organize your time.
• Incorrect:– Students is plural.
• Revision:– The most important
thing that students can do is to organize their time.
• Incorrect:– Students is plural.
• Revision:– The most important
thing that students can do is to organize their time.
IncorrectIncorrect
©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 29.
College Writing Skills/ College Writing Skills with Readings, 6E
• Jamie dropped the heavy camera on her foot and broke it.
• Jamie dropped the heavy camera on her foot and broke it.
• Incorrect:– Did the camera
break or did her foot?
• Revision:– The camera broke
when Jamie dropped it on her foot.
• Incorrect:– Did the camera
break or did her foot?
• Revision:– The camera broke
when Jamie dropped it on her foot.
IncorrectIncorrect
