College and Career Terms
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Transcript of College and Career Terms
College and Career Terms
Leadership and Career Development
Miss Mann 2014
Technical SchoolAKA: Vocational Education
• 1-2 year school
Example Programs:• Cosmetology• Automotive Technology• HV/AC• Culinary Arts• Photography
• Technical School Programs• Technical Careers
Benefits of Technical Schools• Skill-Specific Education• Day/Night Classes• Lower Tuition Costs• Open Admissions Policy• More one-on-one instruction and hands-on experience.
Community College• 2 year school offering an Associate’s Degree
Benefits:• Low Tuition• Live at Home• Enter workforce sooner
Option 2:• Transfer to a University for a Bachelor’s DegreeExample: 2 years at BC3, 2 years at PITT
Bachelor/Baccalaureate (B.A. or B.S.)
A degree awarded by a college or university to a person who has completed __4 years__ of undergraduate studies.*2 years of liberal studies courses*2 years of major courses
Examples:• Education• Engineering• Marketing• Pre-med
What are Liberal Studies?Denotes a curriculum that imparts general knowledge and develops the student’s rational thought and intellectual capabilities.
• College Writing• Research Writing• Humanities and Literature• Fine Art Elective• Math
• Science with Lab• History and Geography• Psychology• Sociology• Philosophy• Technology Course• Other Electives
Majors ExploredSocial Sciences – Study of Human Society and Social Relationships• Psychology, Anthropology, Philosophy, Geography,
Sociology, CriminologyHumanities/Fine Arts – Imaginative, Aesthetic, or Intellectual Content• Art, Dance, Theater, Music, Visual Arts, Foreign
Languages, Cultural courses, Poetry, Literature, ReligionNatural Sciences – Deals with the physical world• Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Meteorology, Archaeology,
Geology
Art vs. Science
Bachelor of Arts1. General Education2. Core Courses3. Foreign language4. Theoretical Research5. Less Rigid
Psychology, Sociology, History, Law
Well-Rounded Graduate
Bachelor of Science1. General Education2. Core Courses3. Lab work w/ Accurate Results4. Computer and Technology OrientedMath, Science, Computers, Medicine
Highly Knowledgeable in Field of Study
4 year UniversitiesPrivate• Often Costs More• Sometimes Affiliated w/
Religions• Funding from Alumni and
Businesses
Public• Often Costs Less for In-
state students• Funded by Local and
State Governments
Bachelor’s Degree Graduation Requirements
• 120 credits• Average 4 years
Example Exams to become licensed or certified:• Teacher – 5 Praxis exams
- Math, Reading, Writing, 2 content area exams• Engineer – FE exam (8 hours) and PE Exam (8 hours)• Nurse – National Council Licensure Exam (NCLEX-RN)• Architect – Architect Registration Exam – 7 exams
Master’s Degree (M.A. or M.S.)An academic degree given after completion of about__2 years__ of study beyond the bachelor's degree.
• Masters of Business Administration, MBA• Masters of Physical Therapy, MPA (changing to Doctorate)• Physician’s Assistant, P.A.• Masters in Education, M.Ed.
Master’s Degree RequirementsBEFORE:Take the entrance exam:GRE – Graduate Record Examination-analogy, antonym, reading comprehension, sentence completion, problem solving, and quantitative comparison.
DURING:Complete 30-36 credits, or 1-2 years of work
AFTER:Write a Thesis – a 30-50 page research paper*not always required
Law DegreeAn academic degree given after completion of __3 years __ of study beyond the bachelor's degree.
Steps to becoming a lawyer:1. Obtain any 4 year Bachelor’s degree2. Pass the L-SAT – Law School Admission Test3. Complete the 3 year law school4. Pass the Bar Exam to obtain licensure
Minimum # of years to become a lawyer: 7 years
Jurisdiction Doctorate• 4 years beyond Law School• Dissertation Required• Terminal Degree – highest level of law education
possible
4 year Bachelor’s Degree3 year Law Degree4 year Jurisdiction Doctorate Degree11 years total (sometimes completed in less time)
Research Doctorate Degree• Granted upon completion of extensive academic work
in a field of study.• It takes about __4__ years to complete the Ph.D
___Dissertation___• An original work ranging in length, per discipline,
from 50 to 800 pages• Published in Scholarly Journals or as a Book
• Doctor of Philosophy, Ph.D.• Doctor of Education, Ed. D.• Doctor of Engineering, Eng. D.
Research DoctoratesWhat steps are necessary to earn a Ph.D.?1. Attend a 4 year university (Bachelors)2. Attend a 2 year graduate school (Masters)3. Complete a 4 year doctoral program4. Complete a Dissertation (_50-800_ pages)
How many total years? About 10 years
Professional Doctorate Degrees
• Research doctorates with a focus on applied research for professional purposes.
• Typically earned in _4_ years.• Most often do not require the Master’s Degree!
• Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, D.O.• Doctor of Medicine, M.D.• Doctor of Dental Medicine, D.M.D.• Doctor of Dental Surgery, D.D.S.• Doctor of Pharmacy, Pharm.D.
Residency• In-depth training for physicians after medical school.• Focuses on specific branches such as:
• Neurosurgery• Pediatrics• Cardiology
• Additional __2-7 years__ of training after obtaining the M.D.
***You are a paid physician at this time but it is still training, like an internship is for business students.
Attending Physician Requirements
Steps to becoming a Physician/Surgeon:1. Obtain a Bachelor’s degree in a Science Field2. Pass the M-CAT – Medical College Admission Test3. Complete the 4 year medical school4. Complete the 2-7 year residency5. Pass the United States Medical Licensing
Examination (USMLE) to obtain licensure, also known as the “Boards” exam
Minimum # of years to become an Attending: 10-17 years
What to consider when choosing a career:
1. Passion for the Field2. Related Skills3. Nature of the Work4. Working Conditions5. Job Outlook6. Salary/Benefits7. Degrees Required
Nature of the Work• What will you be doing?• What are your job responsibilities?
Example: Nurse1. Treat Patients2. Educating patients and the public about various
medical conditions 3. Record patients’ medical histories and symptoms 4. Help to perform diagnostic tests and analyze results 5. Operate medical machinery 6. Administer treatment and medications
Example Working ConditionsRegistered Nurse• Well-lighted, comfortable health care facilities • Considerable time walking and standing • 24-hour care • May work nights, weekends, and holidays • May be on call—available to work on short notice • Must observe rigid, standardized guidelines to guard
against disease and other dangers • May suffer emotional strain from observing patient
suffering
Job Outlook• Is there a good chance you will get a job right after
graduating from school?• Is the field competitive?• Is there a high turnover rate? (people quit often)
Example: Nurse• Job opportunities for RNs in all specialties are expected
to be excellent. • Registered nurses are projected to create the second
largest number of new jobs among all occupations.
Salary (Earnings) / BenefitsSalary• a fixed compensation periodically paid to a person for
regular work or services• May be paid once a week, every other week, or once a
month.Fringe Benefits• compensation that is not in the form of direct cash to a
worker • Health insurance, vision and dental insurance, life and
disability insurance, sick days, paid vacations, holidays, 401K, stocks, gas mileage, cell phone usage, company car, flexible work schedules, child care, tuition reimbursement, and bonuses
WEB RESOURCES
• Occupational Outlook Handbookwww.bls.gov/oco
• America’s Career Info Netwww.acinet.org
• Career Journalwww.careerjournal.com
• Career Builderwww.careerbuilder.com
• Careers and Collegeswww.careersandcolleges.com
BOOKS
• Occupational Outlook Handbook
• America’s Top Jobs
• America’s Fasting Growing Jobs
• 101 Careers
• Outdoor Careers
• America’s Federal Jobs
• Encyclopedia of Careers
• 200 Best Jobs for College Graduates
Assignment:
• Complete the OCO Assignment using the online Occupational Outlook Handbook
• Due: