Aleksandrs Mārtiņš Blūms

RIS3 Expert

Aleksandrs.Blums@izm.gov.lv

OPEN ACCESS

FAIR DATA

CITIZEN SCIENCE

REPRODUCABILITY

OPEN SCIENCE

WHAT IS OPEN SCIENCE?

Open

Access

FAIR

Data“Open Science represents a new approach to the

scientific process based on cooperative work and

new ways of diffusing knowledge by using digital

technologies and new collaborative tools. The idea

captures a systemic change to the way science

and research have been carried out for the last fifty

years: shifting from the standard practices of

publishing research results in scientific

publications towards sharing and using all

available knowledge at an earlier stage in the

research process”.

“the practice of making

research publications and

data freely available”

Citizen Science

Reproducibility

Evaluation

Incentives

Tools

…

WHY OPEN SCIENCE?

Why do we need Open Science?

• Open Science has the potential to increase:

• Quality and efficiency of R&I, if all the produced results

are shared, made reusable, and if their reproducibility is

improved;

• Creativity, through collective intelligence and cross-

disciplinary research that does not require laborious data

wrangling;

• Trust in the science system, engaging both researchers

and citizens.

• Efficiency

• Quality and integrity

• Economic benefits

• Innovation and knowledge

transfer

• Public disclosure and

engagement

• Global benefits

OPEN ACCESS

diamond OAtoll

access

free

for

authors

authors

retain

copyright

pre-

prints

vanity

press

Subsidy

Publishers;

Vanity press

GREEN

OAGOLD

OA

free for

readerspeer

reviewed

OPEN ACCESS

OPEN ACCESS

6%

8%

19%

9%

10%

10%

10%

8%

8%

8%

11%

8%

10%

9%

10%

9%

9%

10%

10%

11%

7%

11%

12%

10%

11%

4%

7%

5%

5%

7%

6%

6%

7%

7%

10%

6%

5%

7%

11%

6%

6%

8%

7%

7%

9%

7%

7%

11%

10%

8%

14%

24%

22%

30%

25%

33%

31%

20%

28%

22%

35%

34%

32%

24%

34%

38%

30%

40%

37%

37%

42%

39%

39%

44%

43%

7%

16%

10%

13%

16%

10%

12%

24%

17%

20%

10%

14%

13%

18%

12%

11%

20%

12%

16%

15%

15%

14%

13%

11%

14%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Russian FederationRomania

JapanItaly

Czech RepublicFrance

GermanyLatvia

SloveniaLithuania

United StatesSpain

FinlandPoland

BelgiumIreland

EstoniaHungaryNorwaySweden

LuxembourgDenmark

NetherlandsUnited Kingdom

Switzerland

Percentage of Open Access publications in total publications

Bronze OA Hybrid OA Green OA Gold OA Reference date: 2009-2018

Scopus/Unpaywall data Source: EC Open Science monitor

OPEN ACCESS

Source: Web of Science, InCites Dataset + ESCI

44,3% 44,1%

42,2%41,6% 41,2% 40,9% 40,4% 40,3% 40,2% 40,0% 39,8% 39,3% 39,3%

38,0%37,0%

36,2% 35,8%35,2%

34,3% 33,9%

32,2% 31,8% 31,7% 31,4% 31,4% 31,4% 30,8%29,9% 29,5%

27,0% 26,9%

Percentage of Open Access publications in total publications (2018)

OPEN ACCESS

Source: Web of Science, InCites Dataset + ESCI

7,1% 7,2% 6,8%8,5%

13,0%15,0%

21,5%25,2% 26,3%

45,2%48,8%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Percentage of Open Access publications in total publications

LATVIA NETHERLANDS CROATIA SWEDEN POLAND LITHUANIA AUSTRIA NORWAY FINLAND ESTONIA SLOVENIA

SLOVAKIA SWITZERLAND ICELAND CYPRUS LUXEMBOURG UNITED KINGDOM SPAIN ROMANIA DENMARK CZECH REPUBLIC BELGIUM

PORTUGAL ITALY MALTA GERMANY GREECE BULGARIA IRELAND FRANCE UNITED STATES

OPEN ACCESS

Source: Web of Science, InCites Dataset + ESCI

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Percentage of Open Access publications in total publications

LATVIA NETHERLANDS CROATIA SWEDEN POLAND LITHUANIA AUSTRIA NORWAY

FINLAND ESTONIA SLOVENIA SLOVAKIA SWITZERLAND ICELAND CYPRUS LUXEMBOURG

UNITED KINGDOM SPAIN ROMANIA DENMARK CZECH REPUBLIC BELGIUM PORTUGAL ITALY

MALTA GERMANY GREECE BULGARIA IRELAND FRANCE UNITED STATES

FAIR does not

equal “Open”!

In practice…

REPOSITORIES

FAIR DATA

Enabling the digital transformation of research: data-intensive, collaborative and cross-discipline

EOSC will provide 2 million

EU researchers and

innovators an environment

with services for data

management, analysis and

re-use across disciplines,

increasing the creativity,

productivity and

reproducibility of research

Research data repository models for Latvia

FAIR DATA

CITIZEN SCIENCE

http://iesaisties.lv/https://www.zooniverse.org/

https://ebird.org/

CITIZEN SCIENCE

Wiggins, Andrea and Kevin Crowston. “From Conservation to

Crowdsourcing: A Typology of Citizen Science.” 2011 44th Hawaii

International Conference on System Sciences (2011): 1-10.

Craglia, Max, and Lea Shanley. "Data democracy–increased

supply of geospatial information and expanded participatory

processes in the production of data." International Journal of

Digital Earth 8, no. 9 (2015): 679-693.

STUDY / ROADMAP FOR OPEN SCIENCE

• Will provide the analytical basis for national open science policy

• Mapping OS stakeholders

• Mapping research data repositories

• Recommendations for national OA policy, San Francisco declaration, cost estimates

• Recommendations for optimal research data repository model

• Ideas for promoting citizen science

• Completion by April, 2020

TO DO LIST

• Study/Roadmap for Open Science

• Updating Re3data

• Connecting OS to RIS3

• Supporting national RI compatibility with EOSC

• Continued investigation about research data repository models

• Contributions to new ERA priorities

ERAC SWG OSI

INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

LEARN MORE

Thank You!

researchLatvia

Aleksandrs Mārtiņš Blūms

RIS3 Expert

Aleksandrs.Blums@izm.gov.lv